“Live High–Train Low and High” Hypoxic Training Improves Team-Sport Performance

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (10) ◽  
pp. 2140-2149 ◽  
Author(s):  
FRANCK BROCHERIE ◽  
GRÉGOIRE P. MILLET ◽  
ANNA HAUSER ◽  
THOMAS STEINER ◽  
JULIEN RYSMAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Hypoxic Training

scholarly journals The connection between academic and athletic performance among elite university student athletes

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 19-26
Author(s):  
Andrea Lenténé Puskás
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Division Iii ◽  
Sport Type ◽  
Jel Code ◽  
High Level ◽  
Or Team ◽  
The University

Athletes in higher education are not only expected to produce high level performance but to find the balance between the preparation for post-athletic life and the requirements of the university. The objective of this study is to explore the connections between academic performance and level of sport. Also, to elaborate on the role of relevant policy regulations and institutional support that help elite athletes meet academic requirements. Data collection was conducted by means of online questionnaires involving athletes receiving sport scholarships at the University of Debrecen (N=159). The data from questionnaires were processed by using SPSS 18. Version software. For data analyse four groups were extracted based on level of sport performance and involvement: international elite, division I, division II, division III. The results indicate that the academic performance on the two international elite of sport did not differ from the average, and that these athletes did not experience any difficulties earning course credits at the university while being engaged in doing sport. In most cases, elite athletes did not apply for the various kind of support instruments, thus, they are able to balance athletic preparation and academic requirements without supportive modifications of university policies. The results also shed light on the fact that the academic performance does not only depend on the level of sport and the chosen major at the university, but it is also influenced by the time devoted to study and training, and the sport type (individual or team sport). There are differences observed between athletes participating in individual or team sport concerning the general average of grades, the effectiveness of earning credits, the number of weekly training, as well as the time devoted to training in preparatory and competitive periods. According to the results, the various amount of time devoted to study or sport does not necessarily result in academic performance decline. In addition, results support that athletes do keep academic studies rather important and they are aware that university years are considered to be a significant period in preparation for post-athletic life. JEL code: Z20

THE EMOTION OF JOY IN SOCIAL NETWORKS: VERBAL, PARAVERBAL AND NONVERBAL FORMS OF EXPRESSION

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Kolmogorova ◽  
S.R. Akhmadeeva
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Emotion Expression ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Text Data ◽  
Gender Factor

The article explores the text data of the Internet-comments published on social networks by fans to celebrate the victory of their favorite sportsmen. The aim of the publication is to analyze verbal, paraverbal and nonverbal forms of emotion expression in two groups of fans: those who are keen on sports profiling typically masculine properties (strength, audacity, endurance), and, on the contrary, those who are passionate about the sport performance featuring feminine characteristics (grace, beauty, flexibility). The conducted comparative analysis gives evidence about the presence of a number of specific features due to the effect of gender factor. However, this factor largely correlates with other variables, such as linguacultural patterns, the nature of the sport itself (team sport vs individual sport).

Global brands in sports: identifying low-risk business opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-83
Author(s):  
Alice Aguiar-Noury ◽  
Pedro Garcia-del-Barrio
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Low Risk ◽  
Google Trends ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Sports Industry ◽  
Global Brands ◽  
Business Opportunities ◽  
The Usa

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to accomplish several goals. First, it studies the relevance of the sports sector as part of the entertainment industry. Second, it identifies promising markets within the sports industry, paying special attention to the relative importance of soccer in the context of team-sport leagues. Finally, the paper helps entrepreneurs to recognized market opportunities in the sports industry by identifying the soccer clubs that were found to be low-risk global brands. Design/methodology/approach To evaluate the relevance of the entertainment and sports industries, both in the USA and EU-28, the authors rely on their respective contribution to the domestic product and to employment. Two procedures are proposed for establishing the status of global sport leagues: one is based on the annual revenues and the other on the degree of interest that the public shows for each professional sport league. (The latter is performed by comparing the intensity with which internet users search for contents related to each of the Top-10 sports leagues worldwide.) Finally, by estimating the fixed effects of a model in which sport performance is filtered out, we calculate the expected low-risk revenues that clubs generate due to their heterogeneous brand value. Findings This paper reaches some few relevant results. First, we find that the greater employment opportunities in the European sport industry are concentrated in the UK, Spain, France and Germany, which may orientate entrepreneurs to start projects in promising sport markets. Then, data on annual revenues is used to rank the main team-sport leagues worldwide: NFL, MLB, NBA, Premier League and NHL. Another rank is based on the degree of interest of fans (as captured by Google Trends) yields a different result, where the NFL, NBA and the UEFA Champions League are, respectively, at command. Besides, the paper also ranks clubs as valuable assets by identifying which of them are low-risk soccer brands. The empirical study provides insights to select business opportunities by targeting the less-risky clubs or leagues, by calculating the expected annual revenues of clubs regardless of their recent sports performances. Originality/value This paper is innovative in two ways. First, it develops an analysis based on Google Trends to establish the comparative status of team-sport leagues worldwide. Second, by adopting an original empirical approach, it identifies markets and brands to carry out low-risk entrepreneurial projects. The expected potential revenues derived from this procedure are not contingent to the risk due to poor sport achievements in a particular season. To our knowledge, researchers have not computed in the past such calculations as that we name here low-risk revenues.

Effect of Milk on Team Sport Performance after Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage

2013 ◽  
Vol 45 (8) ◽  
pp. 1585-1592 ◽  
Author(s):  
EMMA COCKBURN ◽  
PHILLIP G. BELL ◽  
EMMA STEVENSON
Keyword(s):  
Muscle Damage ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Exercise Induced

scholarly journals ACTN3 R577X polymorphism and team-sport performance: A study involving three European cohorts

2014 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 102-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nir Eynon ◽  
Lauren K. Banting ◽  
Jonatan R. Ruiz ◽  
Pawel Cieszczyk ◽  
Dmitry A. Dyatlov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance

Team-Sport Athletes’ Improvement of Performance on the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 2, but Not of Time-Trial Performance, With Intermittent Hypoxic Training

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mathew W.H. Inness ◽  
François Billaut ◽  
Robert J. Aughey
Keyword(s):  
Time Course ◽  
Time Trial ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Training Load ◽  
Recovery Test ◽  
Intermittent Hypoxic Training ◽  
Hypoxic Training ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Test Level ◽  
Level 2

Purpose:To determine the time course for physical-capacity adaptations to intermittent hypoxic training (IHT) in team-sport athletes and the time course for benefits remaining after IHT.Methods:A pre–post parallel-groups design was employed, with 21 Australian footballers assigned to IHT (n = 10) or control (CON; n = 11) matched for training load. IHT performed eleven 40-min bike sessions at 2500-m altitude over 4 wk. Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test level 2 (Yo-Yo IR2) was performed before; after 3, 6, and 11 IHT sessions; and 30 and 44 d after IHT. Repeated time trials (2- and 1-km TTs, with 5 min rest) were performed before, after, and 3 wk after IHT. Hemoglobin mass (Hbmass) was measured in IHT before and after 3, 6, 9, and 11 sessions.Results:Baseline Yo-Yo IR2 was similar between groups. After 6 sessions, the change in Yo-Yo IR2 in IHT was very likely higher than CON (27% greater change, effect size 0.77, 90% confidence limits 0.20;1.33) and likely higher 1 d after IHT (23%, 0.68, 0.05;1.30). The IHT group’s change remained likely higher than CON 30 d after IHT (24%, 0.72, 0.12;1.33) but was not meaningfully different 44 d after (12%, 0.36, –0.24;0.97). The change in 2-km TT performance between groups was not different throughout. For 1-km TT, CON improved more after IHT, but IHT maintained performance better after 3 wk. Hbmass was higher after IHT (2.7%, 0.40, –0.40;1.19).Conclusion:Short-duration IHT increased Yo-Yo IR2 compared with training-load-matched controls in 2 wk. An additional 2 wk of IHT provided no further benefit. These changes remained until at least 30 d posttraining. IHT also protected improvement in 1-km TT.

Genetic polymorphisms in alpha-actinin 3 and ­adrenoceptor beta genes in Austrian elite athletes and healthy controls

2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Study Groups ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Power Performance ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Performance Development ◽  
Genotype And Allele Frequencies

Background: During the last years many studies were conducted to investigate the contribution of various genetic variants to endurance and sprint/power performance of elite athletes. Data on team sport athletes are missing to a large extent. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the frequency of selected polymorphisms on elite athlete status in Austrian team sport (handball, soccer), endurance and power athletes as well as in healthy control subjects. Methods: Genotype and allele frequencies of ACTN3 R577X (rs1815739), ADRB1 Ser49Gly (rs1801252), ADRB2 Arg16Gly (rs1042713), ADRB2 Gln27Glu (rs1042714) and the ADRB3 Trp64Arg (rs4994) polymorphisms were determined in 56 Austrian sprint/power athletes, 86 endurance athletes, 143 team sport athletes and 216 healthy non-athletic controls. Genomic DNA was extracted from saliva and genotyping was performed by real time polymerase chain reaction using a standard protocol. Results: Handball and soccer players had a higher frequency of the ACTN3 RR genotype and a lower frequency of RX + XX genotypes than the control group. Furthermore, the frequency of athletes being homozygous for the ADRB1 Ser49Ser genotype was significantly higher in team sport athletes in comparison to those competing in power/sprint sports. We did not detect any other differences in genotype distributions between the study groups. Conclusion: This study provides some evidence that the ACTN3 R577X and the ADRB1 Ser49Gly polymorphisms are associated with team sport performance. Larger prospective studies focusing on the genetic influence of performance development are required for confirmation of these findings.

Multiple Effects of Caffeine on Simulated High-Intensity Team-Sport Performance

2005 ◽  
Vol 37 (11) ◽  
pp. 1998-2005 ◽  
Author(s):  
GENE R. STUART ◽  
WILL G. HOPKINS ◽  
CHRISTIAN COOK ◽  
SIMEON P. CAIRNS
Keyword(s):  
High Intensity ◽  
Team Sport ◽  
Sport Performance
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