Inertial Load Power Cycling Training Increases Muscle Mass and Aerobic Power in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol Publish Ahead of Print ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob R. Allen ◽  
Remzi Satiroglu ◽  
Brandon Fico ◽  
Hirofumi Tanaka ◽  
Emre Vardarli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Aerobic Power ◽  
Inertial Load ◽  
Load Power ◽  
Power Cycling ◽  
Cycling Training

Effects of a resistance training community programme in older adults

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Majid Mufaqam Syed-Abdul ◽  
Chrissa L. McClellan ◽  
Elizabeth J. Parks ◽  
Stephen D. Ball
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Training Programme ◽  
Haemoglobin A1c ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Resistance Training Programme

Abstract Ageing is associated with reduced muscle mass, strength, flexibility and balance, resulting in a poor quality of life (QOL). Past studies have occurred in highly controlled laboratory settings which provide strong support to determine whether similar gains can be made in community programmes. Twenty participants were enrolled in an eight-week community-based resistance training programme (mean age = 61.3 (standard error (SE) = 0.9) years); Body Mass Index = 32.0 (SE = 1.3) kg/m2). All participants completed surveys to assess outcomes associated with QOL. Given the relationship between muscle function and nerve health, nerve conduction studies (NCS) were also conducted in a separate group of participants (mean age = 64.9 (SE = 2.0) years; Body Mass Index = 32.6 (SE = 1.9) kg/m2). This community-based training programme significantly improved QOL measures in older adults (p < 0.001). Although weight loss was not the primary outcome of the study, participants reduced their body weights (p < 0.001), by primarily reducing fat mass (p = 0.007) while maintaining muscle mass. Significant improvements were observed in muscle strength (2.2%), flexibility and balance (3.2–464.2%, p ⩽ 0.05 for all). Improvements were also observed in plasma glucose (p = 0.05), haemoglobin A1C (p = 0.06) and aldolase enzyme levels (p < 0.001). Scores for surveys on memory and sleep improved (p < 0.05). Improved QOL was associated with increased lean mass (r = −0.714, p = 0.002), decreased fat mass (r = −0.702, p = 0.003) and improved flexibility and balance (r = −0.627, p = 0.008). An eight-week, community-based resistance training programme significantly improved QOL in older adults. Influence on the lipid profile and NCS still needs further investigation.

scholarly journals Bedside Ultrasound Measures of Muscle Mass and Frailty Measures in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 269-269
Author(s):  
Kenneth Madden ◽  
Boris Feldman ◽  
Shane Arishenkoff ◽  
Graydon Meneilly
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Frailty Index ◽  
Geriatric Medicine ◽  
Muscle Thickness ◽  
Vancouver General Hospital ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Point Of Care Ultrasound ◽  
Clinical Frailty Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Abstract The age-associated loss of muscle mass and strength in older adults is called sarcopenia, and it is associated with increased rates of falls, fractures, hospitalizations and death. Sarcopenia is one of the most common physical etiologies for increased frailty in older adults, and some recent work has suggested the use of Point-of care ultrasound (PoCUS) measures as a potential measure of muscle mass. The objective of this study was to examine the association of PoCUS measures of muscle thickness (MT) with measures of frailty in community-dwelling older adults. We recruited 150 older adults (age &gt;= 65; mean age 80.0±0.5 years, 66 women, 84 men) sequentially from 5 geriatric medicine clinics (Vancouver General Hospital). We measured lean muscle mass (LMM, by bioimpedance assay) and an ultrasonic measure of muscle quantity (MT, vastus medialis muscle thickness) in all subjects, as well as two outcome measures of frailty (FFI, Fried Frailty Index; RCFS, Rockwood Clinical Frailty Scale). In our models, MT showed an inverse correlation with the FFI (Standardized β=-0.2320±0.107, p=0.032) but no significant correlation with the RCFS (Standardized β = -0.025±0.086, p=0.776). LMM showed no significant association with either FFI (Standardized β=-0.232±0.120, p=0.055) or RCFS (Standardized β = -0.043±0.119, p=0.719). Our findings indicate that PoCUS measures show potential as a way to screen for physical manifestations of frailty and might be superior to other bedside methods such as bioimpedance assay. However, PoCUS measures of muscle thickness will likely miss patients showing frailty in the much broader context captured by the RCFS.

Low muscle mass in older adults and mortality: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
pp. 111461
Author(s):  
Felipe M. de Santana ◽  
Melissa O. Premaor ◽  
Nicolas Y. Tanigava ◽  
Rosa M.R. Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Meta Analysis

scholarly journals Branched Chain Amino Acids Are Associated With Muscle Mass in Functionally Limited Older Adults

2013 ◽  
Vol 69 (6) ◽  
pp. 717-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Lustgarten ◽  
L. L. Price ◽  
A. Chale ◽  
E. M. Phillips ◽  
R. A. Fielding
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Amino Acids ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acids ◽  
Branched Chain

Association between raw bioelectrical impedance parameters and muscle mass and strength measured by DXA and dynamometry in older adults: a pilot study

Nutrire ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Miller da Fonseca Baldini ◽  
Shirley Steffany Muñoz Fernández ◽  
Sandra Maria Lima Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Bioelectrical Impedance ◽  
Impedance Parameters

Whey protein and vitamin D supplementation in institutionalized older adults: A randomized trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602110606
Author(s):  
Tamy Colonetti ◽  
Antônio Jose Grande ◽  
Franciani Rodrigues da Rocha ◽  
Eduardo Ronconi Dondossola ◽  
Lisiane Tuon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Resistance Training ◽  
Whey Protein ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Vitamin D Supplementation ◽  
Relative Index ◽  
And Control

Background: The increase in life expectancy and in the number of individuals over 60 years old brings new demands to health professionals and services based on the physiological changes that occur in this population. The aging process results in changes in body composition, increasing body fat and reducing muscle mass, in addition to a reduction in bone mass. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of whey protein and vitamin D supplementation on body composition and skeletal muscle in older adults living in long-term care facilities. Methods: This study is a double-blind randomized controlled trial. Thirty older adults (>60 years old) were randomized and allocated in three groups: group receiving resistance training and supplementation receiving resistance training, whey protein and vitamin D; group received resistance and placebo training receiving resistance training and placebo, and control group without any intervention. Body composition was measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry at baseline, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks. Results: The mean age was 74.87 (± 8.14) years. A significant difference ( p = 0.042) was observed between the group receiving resistance training and supplementation and control groups in relation to lean mass increase (kg) at 24 weeks. After 24 weeks of intervention, there was a significant increase in Relative index of muscle mass for the two groups that underwent resistance training, group received resistance and placebo training ( p = 0.042) and group receiving resistance training and supplementation ( p = 0.045), in relation to the control. Conclusion: Combined supplementation of whey protein and vitamin D with resistance training can significantly improve lean mass, total mass, and relative index of muscle mass in institutionalized older adults.

Anorexia is Independently Associated with Decreased Muscle Mass and Strength in Community Dwelling Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Birkan İlhan ◽  
G. Bahat ◽  
T. Erdoğan ◽  
C. Kiliç ◽  
M. A. Karan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

scholarly journals Lower Skeletal Muscle Mass at Admission Independently Predicts Falls and Mortality 3 Months Post-discharge in Hospitalized Older Patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 1650-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esmee M Reijnierse ◽  
Sjors Verlaan ◽  
Vivien K Pham ◽  
Wen Kwang Lim ◽  
Carel G M Meskers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Muscle Mass ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Test Score ◽  
Handgrip Strength ◽  
Bed Rest ◽  
Post Discharge ◽  
Male Sex ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Abstract Background Approximately 10% of older adults are annually admitted to a hospital. Hospitalization is associated with a higher risk of falls and mortality after discharge. This study aimed to identify predictors at admission for falls and mortality 3 months post-discharge in hospitalized older patients. Methods The Evaluation of Muscle parameters in a Prospective cohort of Older patients at clinical Wards Exploring Relations with bed rest and malnutrition (EMPOWER) study is an observational, prospective longitudinal inception cohort of 378 patients aged 70 years and older who were subsequently admitted to a tertiary hospital (the Netherlands). Potential predictors for falls and mortality 3 months post-discharge were tested using univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses and included the following domains: demographic (age, sex, living independently), lifestyle (alcohol, smoking), nutrition (SNAQ score), muscle mass (absolute, relative), physical function (handgrip strength, Katz ADL score), cognition (six-item cognitive impairment test score), and disease (medications, diseases). Results The mean age was 79.6 years (standard deviation 6.23) and 50% were male. Within 3 months post-discharge, 19% reported a fall and 13% deceased. Univariate predictors for falls were higher age, lower absolute muscle mass and higher six-item cognitive impairment test score. Lower absolute muscle mass independently predicted falls post-discharge (multivariate). Univariate predictors for mortality were higher age, male sex, no current alcohol use, higher SNAQ score, lower absolute and higher relative muscle mass, higher Katz ADL score and higher number of diseases. Male sex, higher SNAQ score, and lower absolute muscle mass independently predicted mortality post-discharge (multivariate). Conclusions In hospitalized older adults, muscle mass should be measured to predict future outcome. Future intervention studies should investigate if increasing muscle mass prevent short-term falls and mortality.

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