scholarly journals Changes in glucocorticoid receptor-α profile in human placentae from full term and early term births

2018 ◽  
Vol WCP2018 (0) ◽  
pp. PO4-11-11
Author(s):  
Roselyn B Rose'meyer ◽  
Svetlana Bivol ◽  
Olivia J Holland ◽  
Suzzanne J Owen
Keyword(s):  
Glucocorticoid Receptor ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Term Births ◽  
Human Placentae

scholarly journals Neonatal morbidity pattern in early term births

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Maya Menon ◽  
Sreejyothi G. ◽  
Raveendranath K.
Keyword(s):  
Continuous Process ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Neonatal Morbidity ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Neonatal Outcomes ◽  
Feeding Problems ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Term Births

Background: Late preterm births are defined  as birth between 34 and 36 completed weeks gestation and term births as  born after 37 weeks of gestation. Maturation is a continuous  process till term and the severity of adverse outcomes with birth increases with decreasing gestational age. Recent studies showed increased risk of  morbidities for babies  at 37 weeks than its term counterpart babies  at 39 weeks. Considering the risk for adverse neonatal outcomes in early term births, various studies recommended that the label “term” be redefined as early term, full term and late term designations to more accurately acknowledge deliveries occurring at or beyond 37  weeks of gestation. This designation will help precise  identification and targeting these early term  babies for early intervention and for better neonatal outcomes.Methods: This is a prospective study which included all  term births delivered during the 12-month study between January 2017 and December 2017. Babies born between 37 and 38 6/7 weeks were designated as early term and those born after 39 weeks as full-term babies. Neonatal outcomes of these babies were recorded and monitored till discharge.Results: There were 660 term live births during the study period. The incidence of early term births account for 19.7%, as compared with full term births representing 80.3 %. Compared with term babies, early term births were at risk for transitional problems such as respiratory distress (61.5% vs 38.5%), hypoglycemia (76.2% vs 23.8%), hyperbilirubinemia requiring phototherapy (53.7% vs 46.7%) and feeding  problems (59.1% vs 40.9%).Conclusions: Early term births are associated with increased risk of neonatal morbidities as compared with full term births. This indicates need for more attention towards preventing early term births.

scholarly journals Differentiating the cognitive development of early-term births in infants and toddlers: a cross-sectional study in China

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. e025275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Hua ◽  
Jie Sun ◽  
Zhijuan Cao ◽  
Xiaotian Dai ◽  
Senran Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Development ◽  
Cognitive Ability ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Close Monitoring ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Term Births

ObjectivesThis study aimed to explore the cognitive development of low-risk children during early childhood for early-term births at 37 and 38 weeks of gestation compared with full term births at 39–41 weeks of gestation.Setting and participantsWe conducted a cross-sectional study in Shanghai, one of the largest cities in China. A total of 1444 children from singleton pregnancies born at term gestation were included in the study.MeasuresThe cognitive outcomes of the subjects were measured using the cognitive subtest of Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development, Third Edition (BSID-III) across three cities in China. We analysed the association between gestational age and cognitive development during infancy and toddler stages using multivariate linear modelling.ResultsThe cognitive development scores for infants born at 37 gestational weeks were significantly lower than those born at 39–41 gestational weeks (β=−2.257, 95% CI −4.280 to −0.235; p<0.05) after adjusting for children’s and maternal characteristics, as well as socio-economic factors. However, there were no significant differences in cognitive ability between infants born at 38 gestational weeks compared with their full-term counterparts (p>0.05). Moreover, these effects were not found in toddlers (between 17 and 48 months of age) after adjusting for the possible confounders (p>0.05).ConclusionsInfants born at 37 weeks of gestation exhibited weaker cognitive ability compared with those born at 39–41 weeks of gestation. Our findings provide evidences for the close monitoring of potential developmental problems in early-term children, especially those born at 37 gestational weeks.

scholarly journals Long term cognitive outcomes of early term (37-38 weeks) and late preterm (34-36 weeks) births: A systematic review

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah R. Murray ◽  
Susan D. Shenkin ◽  
Kirsten McIntosh ◽  
Jane Lim ◽  
Benjamin Grove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Preterm Births ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Cognitive Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Term Births

Background: There is a paucity of evidence regarding long-term outcomes of late preterm (34-36 weeks) and early term (37-38 weeks) delivery.  The objective of this systematic review was to assess long-term cognitive outcomes of children born at these gestations. Methods: Four electronic databases (Medline, Embase, clinicaltrials.gov and PsycINFO) were searched.  Last search was 5th August 2016.  Studies were included if they reported gestational age, IQ measure and the ages assessed.  The protocol was registered with the International prospective register of systematic reviews (PROSPERO Record CRD42015015472).  Two independent reviewers assessed the studies.  Data were abstracted and critical appraisal performed of eligible papers. Results: Of 11,905 potential articles, seven studies reporting on 41,344 children were included.  For early term births, four studies (n = 35,711) consistently showed an increase in cognitive scores for infants born at full term (39-41 weeks) compared to those born at early term (37-38 weeks) with increases for each week of term (difference between 37 and 40 weeks of around 3 IQ points), despite differences in age of testing and method of IQ/cognitive testing.  Four studies (n = 5644) reporting childhood cognitive outcomes of late preterm births (34 – 36 weeks) also differed in study design (cohort and case control); age of testing; and method of IQ testing, and found no differences in outcomes between late preterm and term births, although risk of bias was high in included studies. Conclusion:  Children born at 39-41 weeks have higher cognitive outcome scores compared to those born at early term (37-38 weeks).  This should be considered when discussing timing of delivery.  For children born late preterm, the data is scarce and when compared to full term (37-42 weeks) did not show any difference in IQ scores.

scholarly journals Higher risk for poor handwriting in Taiwanese children born late preterm

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yea-Shwu Hwang ◽  
Chih-Cheng Chen ◽  
Hui-Ning Shih ◽  
Wen-Hui Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Second Graders ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Late Preterm ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Full Form ◽  
Term Births ◽  
Preterm Born ◽  
Demographic Risk ◽  
Demographic Risk Factors

Abstract BackgroundLate preterm and early term births constitute a significant proportion of live births. However, handwriting skills of these two populations remain unclear. We aimed to investigate their risk for poor Chinese handwriting in grade two.MethodsA total of 185 second graders born late preterm (34+ 0-36+ 6 weeks gestation, n = 54), early term (37+ 0-38+ 6 weeks gestation, n = 56), and full term (39+ 0-41+ 6 weeks gestation, n = 75) without any intervention or diagnosis related to developmental delays were included. Their handwriting performance was rated by teachers using the Chinese Handwriting Evaluation Form (CHEF), which is a standardized handwriting scale including five handwriting dimensions (construction, accuracy, directionality, speed, and pencil grasp).ResultsAfter controlling for demographic risk factors, the late preterm born group had a greater risk of having worse performance in the full form (adjusted odds ratio < OR > = 3.93; p = .038) and construction dimension (adjusted OR = 4.77; p = .009) of the CHEF than peers born at full term; whereas the risks were comparable for the early and full term born groups.ConclusionsLate preterm but not early term born children were found to be at higher risk for poor Chinese handwriting in grade two. They particularly have difficulty with spatial construction including size, spacing, and alignment of Chinese characters and components that may influence handwriting legibility.

ISOLATION AND IDENTIFICATION OF 16-OXOOESTRADIOL-17β IN HUMAN PLACENTAE

1959 ◽  
Vol XXXII (II) ◽  
pp. 195-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Diczfalusy ◽  
Anne-Marie v. Münstermann
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Free Form ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Human Placentae

ABSTRACT From the ethanol extract of 100 full term placentae approximately 200 μg of an α-ketolic Kober chromogen have been isolated in a »free« form. The evidence obtained indicates that this α-ketolic Kober chromogen is identical with 16-oxooestradiol-17β.

Fatty Acid Composition of the Erythrocyte Membranes Varies between Early-Term, Full-Term, and Late-Term Infants in Japan

2018 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 335-343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yohei Kitamura ◽  
Chieko Kogomori ◽  
Hirokazu  Hamano ◽  
Iwao Maekawa ◽  
Takashi Shimizu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid Composition ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Acid Composition ◽  
Full Term ◽  
Erythrocyte Membranes ◽  
Term Infants ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Gestational Period ◽  
The Third ◽  
Study Results

Background: Term infants can be categorized into 3 sub-groups: early term (37w0d to 38w6d), full term (39w0d to 40w6d), and late term (41w0d and beyond). However, the fatty acid composition among the 3 groups of term infants has not been investigated. The association between fatty acid composition and gestational period of term infants in Japan is unclear. Methods: We assessed the fatty acid composition of maternal erythrocyte membranes in the third trimester and of cord erythrocyte membranes at birth in 212 healthy term Japanese infants using data from a prospective hospital-based cohort study. Results: In maternal erythrocyte membranes, docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) levels and omega-3 index were significantly higher in the late-term group than in the early-term group. In cord erythrocyte membranes, DHA levels were not significantly different between the 3 groups; late-term infants showed significantly higher DHA/arachidonic acid (ARA) and lower 20: 3n-6 and ARA levels compared to early-term infants. Gestational period positively correlated with the DHA status in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes. Conclusions: Fatty acid composition in maternal and cord erythrocyte membranes varies between early-, full-, and late-term infants, and the greater gestational period may contribute to the relatively high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids status in term infants. Furthermore, maternal DHA status in the third semester directly correlates with gestational period in pregnant Japanese women.

scholarly journals Caesarean sections and the prevalence of preterm and early-term births in Brazil: secondary analyses of national birth registration

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. e021538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando C Barros ◽  
Dacio de Lyra Rabello Neto ◽  
Jose Villar ◽  
Stephen H Kennedy ◽  
Mariangela F Silveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Maternal Education ◽  
Age Distribution ◽  
National Database ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Early Term ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Developmental Problems ◽  
Term Births ◽  
Years Of Schooling

ObjectivesTo investigate whether the high rates of caesarean sections (CSs) in Brazil have impacted on the prevalence of preterm and early-term births.DesignIndividual-level, cross-sectional analyses of a national database.SettingAll hospital births occurring in the country in 2015.Participants2 903 716 hospital-delivered singletons in 3157 municipalities, representing >96% of the country’s births.Primary and secondary outcome measuresCS rates and gestational age distribution (<37, 37–38, 39–41 and 42 or more weeks’ gestation). Outcomes were analysed according to maternal education, measured in years of schooling and municipal CS rates. Analyses were also adjusted for maternal age, marital status and parity.ResultsPrevalence of CS was 55.5%, preterm prevalence (<37 weeks’ gestation) was 10.1% and early-term births (37–38 weeks of gestation) represented 29.8% of all births, ranging from 24.9% among women with <4 years of schooling to 39.8% among those with >12 years of education. The adjusted prevalence ratios of preterm and early-term birth were, respectively, 1.215 (1.174–1.257) and 1.643 (1.616–1.671) higher in municipalities with≥80% CS compared with those <30%.ConclusionsBrazil faces three inter-related epidemics: a CS epidemic; an epidemic of early-term births, associated with the high CS rates; and an epidemic of preterm birth, also associated with CS but mostly linked to poverty-related risk factors. The high rates of preterm and early-term births produce an excess of newborns at higher risk of short-term morbidity and mortality, as well as long-term developmental problems. Compared with high-income countries, there is an annual excess of 354 000 preterm and early-term births in Brazil.

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