Minimum Wages and Earnings Inequality in Urban Mexico

This paper analyzes the contribution of the minimum wage to the well documented rise in earnings inequality in Mexico between the late 1980s and the early 2000s. We find that a substantial part of the growth in inequality, and essentially all of the growth in inequality in the bottom end of the distribution, is due to the steep decline in the real value of the minimum wage. (JEL J31, J38, O15, O17, O18, R23)

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The effect of minimum wages on consumption in Canada

The Economic and Labour Relations Review ◽

10.1177/1035304620949950 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 103530462094995

Author(s):

Young Cheol Jung ◽

Adian McFarlane ◽

Anupam Das

Keyword(s):

Minimum Wage ◽

Adult Population ◽

Retail Trade ◽

Minimum Wages ◽

The Real ◽

Distributed Lag ◽

Distributed Lag Model ◽

Long Run ◽

Lag Model ◽

Wage Increases

We use Canadian data over the period of 1991Q1 to 2019Q2 to examine the effect of higher minimum wages on consumption, measured as the real retail trade sales per adult population. Such an examination is rare in the extant literature and it is timely given the increasing debate concerning the stimulus versus inflationary effects arising from wage polices because of COVID-19 global pandemic. We apply the autoregressive distributed lag model to determine the causal relationship between these variables. We find one long-run cointegrating relationship that runs from the real minimum wage to the real retail trade sales. In addition, we find that a 1% increase in the minimum wage is associated with almost a 0.5% increase in real retail trade sales in the long run. While our findings rest on several statistical assumptions, there is strong evidence in support of the position that minimum wage strengthens aggregate consumer spending, and thereby the standard of living, economic growth and stability. This is a position that differs from the conclusions drawn from mainstream academic and policy debates on the economic usefulness and efficacy of minimum wage increases. JEL Codes: C30, E21, E24

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The Contribution of the Minimum Wage to US Wage Inequality over Three Decades: A Reassessment

American Economic Journal Applied Economics ◽

10.1257/app.20140073 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 58-99 ◽

Cited By ~ 81

Author(s):

David H. Autor ◽

Alan Manning ◽

Christopher L. Smith

Keyword(s):

Minimum Wage ◽

Wage Inequality ◽

Wage Structure ◽

Earnings Inequality ◽

Minimum Wages ◽

Wage Distribution ◽

Prior Work ◽

Lower Tail ◽

Structure Changes ◽

Wage Effects

We reassess the effect of minimum wages on US earnings inequality using additional decades of data and an IV strategy that addresses potential biases in prior work. We find that the minimum wage reduces inequality in the lower tail of the wage distribution, though by substantially less than previous estimates, suggesting that rising lower tail inequality after 1980 primarily reflects underlying wage structure changes rather than an unmasking of latent inequality. These wage effects extend to percentiles where the minimum is nominally nonbinding, implying spillovers. We are unable to reject that these spillovers are due to reporting artifacts, however. (JEL J22, J31, J38, K31)

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The Role of the Minimum Wage on the Declining Wage Inequality in Latin America: Evidence from Brazil.

Review of Economic Analysis ◽

10.15353/rea.v11i1.1517 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 39-82

Author(s):

Paul Garcia Hinojosa

Keyword(s):

Minimum Wage ◽

Wage Inequality ◽

Sharp Increase ◽

Wage Distribution ◽

Lower Tail ◽

The Real ◽

The Past ◽

Formal Employment ◽

Real Value

Over the past two decades, the downward trend of income inequality in Brazil has been accompanied by a sharp increase in the real value of the minimum wage. There is no empirical consensus on whether the minimum wage has an equalizing effect on income distribution because of its ambiguous effects on employment. I document the effectiveness of the minimum wage on compressing wage inequality throughout the wage distribution and its effects on employment by using Brazilian regional data over the post-inflationary period (1995-2015). A counterfactual exercise shows that half of the decline in lower-tail inequality is attributable to the increase in the real minimum wage whereas the effects of the minimum wage on upper-tail inequality are negligible. Furthermore, the increase in the minimum wage has small contemporaneous adverse effects on formal employment which appear to vanish after three quarters.JEL classification: E24Keywords: wage inequality, employment, minimum wage.

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Radiation synovectomy of the knee joint

Nuklearmedizin ◽

10.1055/s-0038-1623935 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 45 (01) ◽

pp. 57-61

Author(s):

M. Puille ◽

D. Steiner ◽

R. Bauer ◽

R. Klett

Keyword(s):

Knee Joint ◽

Lymph Nodes ◽

Geometric Mean ◽

Radiation Synovectomy ◽

Real Activity ◽

Anterior View ◽

Inguinal Lymph Nodes ◽

The Real ◽

Therapeutic Modalities ◽

Real Value

Summary Aim: Multiple procedures for the quantification of activity leakage in radiation synovectomy of the knee joint have been described in the literature. We compared these procedures considering the real conditions of dispersion and absorption using a corpse phantom. Methods: We simulated different distributions of the activity in the knee joint and a different extra-articular spread into the inguinal lymph nodes. The activity was measured with a gammacamera. Activity leakage was calculated by measuring the retention in the knee joint only using an anterior view, using the geometric mean of anterior and posterior views, or using the sum of anterior and posterior views. The same procedures were used to quantify the activity leakage by measuring the activity spread into the inguinal lymph nodes. In addition, the influence of scattered rays was evaluated. Results: For several procedures we found an excellent association with the real activity leakage, shown by an r² between 0.97 and 0.98. When the real value of the leakage is needed, e. g. in dosimetric studies, simultaneously measuring of knee activity and activity in the inguinal lymph nodes in anterior and posterior views and calculation of the geometric mean with exclusion of the scatter rays was found to be the procedure of choice. Conclusion: When measuring of activity leakage is used for dosimetric calculations, the above-described procedure should be used. When the real value of the leakage is not necessary, e. g. for comparing different therapeutic modalities, several of the procedures can be considered as being equivalent.

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The 'Real' Value of Conflicted Analyst Coverage

SSRN Electronic Journal ◽

10.2139/ssrn.1571418 ◽

2012 ◽

Author(s):

Stacey E. Jacobsen ◽

Irina Stefanescu ◽

Xiaoyun Yu

Keyword(s):

Analyst Coverage ◽

The Real ◽

Real Value

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State Minimum Wage Laws as a Response to Federal Inaction

State and Local Government Review ◽

10.1177/0160323x211000824 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 0160323X2110008

Author(s):

Shanna Rose

Keyword(s):

Minimum Wage ◽

Federal Policy ◽

Minimum Wages ◽

Annual Rate ◽

Policy Agenda ◽

State Activity ◽

Dollar Amount ◽

Ballot Measure ◽

State Legislative

This article analyzes state legislative and ballot measure activity related to the minimum wage between 2003 and 2020. The analysis distinguishes proposals to raise the minimum wage from those to index it to the annual rate of inflation, and examines the proposed dollar amount, the process used (legislation vs. ballot measure), and the measure’s success or failure. The analysis suggests that state activity tends to increase when the minimum wage rises on the federal policy agenda, and that partisanship and ideology also play a central role in efforts to raise and index state minimum wages.

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The Minimum Wage Affects Them All: Evidence on Employment Spillovers in the Roofing Sector

German Economic Review ◽

10.1111/geer.12012 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 14 (3) ◽

pp. 282-315 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

Bodo Aretz ◽

Terry Gregory ◽

Melanie Arntz

Keyword(s):

Minimum Wage ◽

Scale Effects ◽

Minimum Wages ◽

Wage Distribution ◽

Employment Effects ◽

Eastern Germany

Abstract This study contributes to the sparse literature on employment spillovers of minimum wages. We exploit the minimum wage introduction and subsequent increases in the German roofing sector that gave rise to an internationally unprecedented hard bite of a minimum wage. We look at the chances of remaining employed in the roofing sector for workers with and without a binding minimum wage and use the plumbing sector that is not subject to a minimum wage as a suitable benchmark sector. By estimating the counterfactual wage that plumbers would receive in the roofing sector given their characteristics, we are able to identify employment effects along the entire wage distribution. The results indicate that the chances for roofers to remain employed in the sector in eastern Germany deteriorated along the entire wage distribution. Such employment spillovers to workers without a binding minimum wage may result from scale effects and/or capital-labour substitution.

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Comparison of Ellipsoidal and Parabolic Mirror Systems in Fluorimetry and Room Temperature Phosphorimetry

Applied Spectroscopy ◽

10.1366/0003702794926128 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 166-170 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

G. L. Walden ◽

J. D. Winefordner

Keyword(s):

Room Temperature ◽

Small Volume ◽

Collection Efficiency ◽

Parabolic Mirror ◽

The Real ◽

Real Value

The use of ellipsoidal and parabolic mirrors to increase the collection efficiency of sample luminescence is demonstrated for small volume samples. The results indicate that the real value of such systems is in the cases in which dilution to larger volumes is not desirable.

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