Repair of subtotal tympanic membrane perforations with Seprafilm®

Objectives: We studied the experimental use of Seprafilm, a sheet-like filmform of hyaluronic acid, in the repair of subtotal perforations of the tympanic membrane (TM), and the durability of such repairs.Method: The research was conducted on 42 Sprague–Dawley rats. Right TMs of all rats were subtotally and thermally perforated in the same fashion. Seprafilm was applied to the perforated TMs of the 21 rats comprising the experiment group. The perforated TMs of the remaining 21rats, the control group, were left to heal spontaneously.Results: The mean healing times were recorded as 7.8 ± 0.6 days for the Seprafilm group and 14.9 ± 1.1 days for the control group (p < 0.001).Conclusions: These results suggest that Seprafilm may be a possible first choice (before thedecision to operate) in subtotal perforations, considering its easy application and patient follow-up.

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Results of inlay cartilage myringoplasty in terms of closure of central tympanic membrane perforations

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1258/0022215054516188 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 119 (8) ◽

pp. 611-613 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Kamal G Effat

Keyword(s):

Retrospective Study ◽

Tympanic Membrane ◽

Control Group ◽

Temporalis Fascia ◽

Current Effort ◽

Hospital Records ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽

The Difference ◽

A Current

There is a current effort to perform myringoplasty for tympanic membrane perforations as a day-stay procedure. In 1998, an inlay myringoplasty using tragal cartilage/perichondrium was described. A retrospective study was performed by the author to analyse the results of inlay carilage myringoplasty, in terms of closure of simple perforations of the tympanic membrane. The results of a control group of previous cases of underlay temporalis fascia myringoplasty were retrieved from the hospital records. All the operations in both groups were performed by the same author at the same institution. The operation of inlay cartilage butterfly myringoplasty has been performed in 28 ears with simple central tympanic membrane perforations. Inconsistent results have been obtained, in that only 43 per cent showed closure of the perforation at the most recent follow-up. A control group of standard underlay temporalis fascia myringoplasty has been performed by the same author in 23 ears. Eighty-three per cent of the perforations were closed at the last follow-up. The difference is statistically highly significant (p < 0.01).

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Minimally invasive cartilage myringoplasty: our technique and experience

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20192557 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 866

Author(s):

Venkatesh C. Ballal ◽

Lohith Shivappa ◽

Subramanya B. Tmmappaiah ◽

Sphoorthi Basavannaiah ◽

Chandralekha T. V. Rangaswamy

Keyword(s):

Minimally Invasive ◽

Tympanic Membrane ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽

Common Procedure ◽

Suppurative Otitis Media ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽

Fascia Graft ◽

First Choice ◽

Important Health ◽

The Mean

Background: Chronic suppurative otitis media is an inflammatory process in the middle ear and is an important health problem in India. Myringoplasty is the most common procedure performed that aims to close the tympanic membrane perforation which is traditionally done with temporalis fascia graft under microscope. Recent studies using the transcanal cartilage “push-through” technique of myringoplasty have demonstrated that it to be very feasible and effective. The aims and objectives of the study was to analyze the results of endoscopic transcanal ‘push-through’ myringoplasty in dry small central perforations in cases of inactive mucosal type of chronic ottitis media.Methods: This retrospective study was conducted in 16 patients who underwent transcanal endoscopic cartilage ‘push through’ myringoplasty and patients were called for regular follow up for 12 weeks and results were statistically analysed. Results: A total of 16 cases were included in the present study. The graft uptake rate in the present study was found to be 93.75%. The mean preoperative air bone gap was 21.76 dB and the mean postoperative air bone gap was reduced to 12.6 dB. The air bone gap was 10 dB or less in 37.5% ears.Conclusions: Endoscopic push-through technique of cartilage myringoplasty is an effective, minimally invasive and feasible method and has good success rate in terms of graft uptake as well as hearing gain. It may also represent a first choice approach for small and medium sized tympanic membrane perforations.

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Combined Effect of Nicotine and Caffeine on Orthodontic Tooth Movement in Rats

Journal of Islamabad Medical & Dental College ◽

10.35787/jimdc.v9i2.462 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 109-114

Author(s):

NAEEM MURTAZA ◽

WAHEED UL HAMID ◽

AHMAD SHAMIM ◽

SHABBIR HUSSAIN ◽

Muhammad Azeem ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Tooth Movement ◽

Orthodontic Tooth Movement ◽

Combined Effect ◽

Medical Institute ◽

Control Group ◽

P Value ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

The Mean ◽

Animal House

Background: The individual effects of nicotine and caffeine have been reported in previous studies but their combined effect on tooth movement needs to be elucidated. The objective of this study was to evaluate the combined effect of nicotine and caffeine on the magnitude of orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) in rats. Material and Methods: This experimental study was conducted on Sprague-Dawley rats (Animal House and Pathology Laboratory; Post Graduate Medical Institute, Lahore) in the department of Orthodontics, de’Montmorency College of Dentistry, Lahore from 8th July 2014 to 8th January 2015. Forty male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four equal groups: Control group (CR), nicotine group (NT), caffeine group (CF) and combined nicotine and caffeine group (CNC). Closed coil nickel titanium (NiTi) spring was placed between incisor and maxillary molar. Nicotine group (NT) was treated by intraperitoneal injections of nicotine. Caffeine was given to caffeine group and Combined nicotine and caffeine group (CNC) was treated in the same way as individual nicotine and caffeine groups daily for 14 days. All the rats were sacrificed on 15th day. Magnitude of the orthodontic tooth movement was measured using digital Vernier caliper. Means and standard deviation were calculated for orthodontic tooth movement. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the mean difference in OTM. Post hoc Tukey test was used for multiple comparisons among the groups. Results: The mean orthodontic tooth movement (OTM) was 0.32 mm ± 0.05 in control group, 0.56 mm ± 0.04 in nicotine group, 0.52 mm ± 0.034 in caffeine group and 0.8 mm ± 0.06 in combined NC group, respectively. The difference between mean OTM among the groups was statistically significant (P-value <0.001). The mean OTM in CNC group was significantly higher as compared to other groups (CR, NT, CF, NT) (P-value <0.001). Conclusions: In rats, the combined use of nicotine and caffeine results in greater orthodontic tooth movement as compared to their individual use.

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The Long-Term Stability of Fat-Graft Myringoplasty in the Closure of Tympanic Membrane Perforations and Hearing Restoration

ORL ◽

10.1159/000512084 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jae Sang Han ◽

Jung Ju Han ◽

Jung Mee Park ◽

Jae-Hyun Seo ◽

Kyoung Ho Park

Keyword(s):

Tympanic Membrane ◽

Fat Graft ◽

Closure Rate ◽

Tertiary Referral Center ◽

Term Stability ◽

Long Term Stability ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽

The Mean

Background/Aims: This study was conducted to evaluate the long-term stability of fat-graft myringoplasty (FGM) for chronic tympanic membrane perforations, analyzing the perforation closure rate and re-gained hearing outcome with respect to the size and location of the perforations. Methods: Between August 2007 and June 2018, a total of 193 patients who underwent FGM due to chronic tympanic membrane perforation at a tertiary referral center were enrolled and analyzed. Results: The mean follow-up was 14.6 months (range 6–39). The complete perforation closure rate after FGM was 89.6%, with no statistical difference among the perforation size groups. The mean postoperative air-bone gap (ABG) was 11.0 dB and mean ABG improvement was 4.9 dB. Conclusion: Our FGM technique had a favorable tympanic closure rate for small to large perforations, and yielded relatively good hearing improvement in the mid-size perforation cases over long-term follow-up periods. According to the topographic evaluation of FGM, this procedure resulted in a reliable perforation closure rate and audiological results regardless of the perforation site.

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Pemberian Bisphenol A (BPA) Oral Menurunkan Kadar Superoksida Dismutase dan Meningkatkan Kadar F2-isoprostan pada Tikus Putih (Rattus norvegicus) Jantan Galur Sprague Dawley

JURNAL BIOMEDIK (JBM) ◽

10.35790/jbm.9.3.2017.17336 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Yogie Sulaiman ◽

IGM Aman ◽

Wimpie Pangkahila

Keyword(s):

Superoxide Dismutase ◽

Bisphenol A ◽

Rattus Norvegicus ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats ◽

Before And After ◽

The Mean

Abstract: Bisphenol A (BPA), commonly found in plastic packaging and cans, can induce oxidative stress. This study was aimed to prove that oral BPA could decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increase F2-isoprostan levels in male Sprague Dawley rats. This was an experimental study using randomized pretest-posttest control group design. There were 14 rats (Rattus norvegicus), male, Sprague Dawley strain, 8-10 weeks old, as subjects. Rats were divided into two groups with 7 rats each. The control group (P0) was treated with placebo for 21 days and the treatment group (P1) was treated with oral BPA dose of 400mg/kg for 21 days. Before and after treatment for 21 days, blood was drained through the canthus medial sinus orbital and urine was collected as pretest and posttest data. SOD and F2-isoprostan levels were then examined by using ELISA. The results showed that before treatment (pretest), the mean SOD level in P0 group was 42.51±3.127 U/mL and in P1 group was 41.87±2.477 U/mL (P > 0.05). The mean F2-isoprostane level in P0 group was 3.18±0.599 ng/ml and in P1 group was 3.22±0.489 ng/ml (P > 0.05). However, after treatment for 21 days (posttest), the mean level of SOD in P0 group was 43.52±3.472 U/mL and in P1 group was 31.84±2.563 U/mL (P <0.01). The mean level of F2-isoprostane in P0 group was 2.94±0.500 ng/ml and in P1 group was 4.47±0.241 ng/ml (P < 0.01). The analysis of the treatment effect showed significant decreased level of SOD and increased level of F2-isoprostane in P1 group (P < 0.01). Conclusion: Oral bisphenol A could decrease superoxide dismutase (SOD) and increase F2-isoprostan levels in male Sprague dawley rats.Keywords: bisphenol A (BPA), SOD, F2-isoprostane, Sprague Dawley ratsAbstrak: Bisphenol A (BPA) banyak ditemukan dalam kemasan plastik dan kaleng dan dapat menyebabkan peningkatan radikal bebas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membuktikan pemberian BPA oral dapat menurunkan kadar superoksida dismutase (SOD) dan meningkatkan kadar F2-isoprostan pada tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan galur Sprague Dawley. Jenis penelitian ialah eksperimental dengan randomized pretest-postest control group design yang menggunakan 14 ekor tikus (Rattus norvegicus) jantan, galur Sprague Dawley, berumur 8-10 minggu, yang terbagi menjadi 2 (dua) kelompok masing-masing berjumlah 7 ekor tikus. Kelompok kontrol (P0) diberikan plasebo selama 21 hari dan kelompok perlakuan (P1) diberikan BPA dosis 400mg/kgBB selama 21 hari. Sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan selama 21 hari, darah diambil melalui chantus medial orbitalis dan urin dikumpulkan untuk pemeriksaan pretest dan postest. Kadar SOD dan F2-isoprostan diperiksa dengan metode ELISA. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa sebelum perlakuan (pretest), rerata kadar SOD kelompok P0 42,51±3,127 U/mL dan kelompok P1 41,87±2,477 U/mL (P > 0,05). Rerata kadar F2-isoprostan kelompok P0 3,18±0,599 ng/ml dan kelompok P1 3,22±0,489 ng/ml (P > 0,05). Setelah perlakuan selama 21 hari (posttest), rerata kadar SOD kelompok P0 43,52±3,472 U/mL dan kelompok P1 31,84±2,563 U/mL (P < 0,01). Rerata kadar F2-isoprostan kelompok P0 2,94±0,500 ng/ml dan kelompok P1 4,47±0,241 ng/ml (P < 0,01). Analisis efek perlakuan menunjukkan terjadi penurunan kadar SOD dan peningkatan kadar F2-isoprostan yang bermakna pada kelompok P1 (P < 0,01). Simpulan: Bisphenol A oral dapat menurunkan kadar superoksida dismutase dan meningkatkan kadar F2-isoprostan pada tikus galur Sprague Dawley jantan.Kata kunci: BPA, SOD, F2-Isoprostan, tikus Sprague Dawley

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En Hamac tympanoplasty and canalplasty for optimal type 1 tympanoplasty outcomes

The Journal of Laryngology & Otology ◽

10.1017/s0022215120001383 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 134 (9) ◽

pp. 769-772

Author(s):

S Vandenbroeck ◽

R Kuhweide ◽

B Lerut

Keyword(s):

Tympanic Membrane ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforation ◽

Type 1 Tympanoplasty ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽

Membrane Perforation ◽

The Mean ◽

Primary Type ◽

Optimal Type

AbstractObjectiveMultiple tympanoplasty techniques have been developed with numerous differences in grafting and approach. This study aimed to improve type 1 tympanoplasty outcomes by using the ‘en hamac’ technique as well as performing a complete canalplasty for anterior perforations.MethodA retrospective review was performed using the prospective Otology-Neurotology Database tool for otological surgery. All primary type 1 tympanoplasty cases performed for tympanic membrane perforations from 2010 to 2016 were selected for analysis, all performed by one author. Minimal clinical and audiometric follow up was 18 months.ResultsTympanic membrane perforation closure was achieved in 62 of the patients (96.88 per cent). None of the en hamac cases had residual or recurrent perforation (p = 0.02). The mean remaining air–bone gap was 8.50 dB. The remaining air–bone gap was less than 10 dB in 72.55 per cent, 10–20 dB in 25.49 per cent and more than 20 dB in 1.96 per cent.ConclusionUsing the en hamac technique for anterior perforations as well as systematically performing a complete canalplasty provides multiple surgical advantages with excellent post-operative results.

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Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Responses to Endurance and Resistance Training in Rats under Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18041645 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (4) ◽

pp. 1645

Author(s):

Xiangyu Liu ◽

Xiong Xue ◽

Junsheng Tian ◽

Xuemei Qin ◽

Shi Zhou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Resistance Exercise ◽

Endurance Exercise ◽

Field Tests ◽

Treadmill Running ◽

Control Group ◽

Mild Stress ◽

Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Exercise Interventions ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

The objectives of this study were to compare the antidepressant effects between endurance and resistance exercise for optimizing interventions and examine the metabolomic changes in different types of skeletal muscles in response to the exercise, using a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. There were 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into a control group (C) and 3 experimental groups: CUMS control (D), endurance exercise (E), and resistance exercise (R). Group E underwent 30 min treadmill running, and group R performed 8 rounds of ladder climbing, 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were performed pre and post the intervention period for changes in depressant symptoms, and the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were sampled after the intervention for metabolomic analysis using the 1H-NMR technique. The results showed that both types of exercise effectively improved the depression-like symptoms, and the endurance exercise appeared to have a better effect. The levels of 10 metabolites from the gastrocnemius and 13 metabolites from the soleus of group D were found to be significantly different from that of group C, and both types of exercise had a callback effect on these metabolites, indicating that a number of metabolic pathways were involved in the depression and responded to the exercise interventions.

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OP0159 EFFICACY OF COMPREHENSIVE TECHNOLOGY-ASSISTED HOME-BASED EXERCISE IN ANKYLOSING SPONDYLITIS: A RANDOMIZED, CONTROLLED TRIAL

Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases ◽

10.1136/annrheumdis-2020-eular.5100 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽

pp. 100.3-100

Author(s):

Y. Wang ◽

X. Liu ◽

Y. Shi ◽

X. Ji ◽

W. Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Exercise Intervention ◽

Medical Center ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Exercise Program ◽

Group Differences ◽

Control Group ◽

Home Based ◽

The Mean

Background:Clinical practice guidelines recommend that exercise is an essential component in the self-management of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS). Attending supervised interventions requiring periodic medical center visits can be burdensome and patients may decline participation, whereas, effective home-based exercise interventions that do not need regular medical center visits are likely to be more accessible and acceptable for patients with AS. Recently, increasing evidences have been accumulated that the wearable devices could facilitate patients with inflammatory arthritis by giving exercise instructions and improving self-efficacy. Therefore, patients with AS may benefit from an effective technology-assisted home-based exercise intervention.Objectives:To investigate the efficacy of a comprehensive technology-assisted home-based exercise intervention on disease activity in patients with AS.Methods:This study was a 16-week assessor-blinded, randomized, waiting-list controlled trial (ChiCTR1900024244). Patients with AS were randomly allocated to the home-based exercise intervention group and the waiting-list control group. A 16-week comprehensive exercise program consisting of a moderate intensity (64%-76% HRmax) aerobic training for 30min on 5 days/week and a functional training for 60min on 3 days/week was given to patients in the intervention group immediately after randomization, with 1.5h training sessions for two consecutive days by a study physical therapist at baseline and Week 8. The aerobic exercise intensity was controlled by a Mio FUSE Wristband with a smartphone application. The functional training consisted of the posture training, range of motion exercises, strength training, stability training and stretching exercises. Patients in control group received standard care during the 16-week follow-up and started to receive the exercise program at Week 16. The primary outcome was ASDAS at Week 16. The secondary outcomes were BASDAI, BASFI, BASMI, ASAS HI, peak oxygen uptake, body composition and muscle endurance tests. The mean difference between groups in change from baseline was analyzed with the analysis of covariance.Results:A total of 54 patients with AS were enrolled (26 in intervention group and 28 in control group) and 46 (85.2%) patients completed the 16-week follow-up. The mean difference of ASDAS between groups in change from baseline to 16-week follow-up was −0.2 (95% CI, −0.4 to 0.003, P = 0.032), and the mean change from baseline was -0.4 (95% CI, -0.5 to -0.2) in the intervention group vs -0.1 (95% CI, -0.3 to 0.01) in the control group, respectively. Significant between-group differences were found between groups for BASDAI (−0.5 [95% CI, −0.9 to −0.2], P = 0.004), BASMI (−0.7 [95% CI, −1.1 to −0.4], P <0.001), BASFI (−0.3 [95% CI, −0.6 to 0.01], P=0.035), peak oxygen uptake (2.7 [95% CI, 0.02 to 5.3] ml/kg/min, P=0.048) and extensor endurance test (17.8 [95% CI, 0.5 to 35.2]s, P=0.044) at Week 16. Between-group differences were detected in ASAS HI (−0.9 [95% CI, −1.7 to −0.1], P=0.030), body fat percentage (−1.0 [95% CI, −2.0 to −0.01] %, P=0.048) and visceral adipose tissue (−4.9 [95% CI, −8.5 to −1.4] cm2, P=0.008) at Week 8, but not at Week 16. No significant between-group differences were detected in the total lean mass, time up and go test and the flexor endurance test during the follow-up.Conclusion:Comprehensive technology-assisted home-based exercise has been shown to have beneficial effects on disease activity, physical function, spinal mobility, aerobic capacity, and body composition as well as in improving fatigue and morning stiffness of patients with AS.References:[1]van der Heijde D, Ramiro S, Landewé R, et al. Ann Rheum Dis 2017;76:978–991.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

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Comparative study between fat plug and inlay butterfly cartilage grafts for myringoplasty in adults

The Egyptian Journal of Otolaryngology ◽

10.1186/s43163-021-00076-y ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 37 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ahmed Gamal Khafagy ◽

Mohamed El-Begermy ◽

Marwa Mohamed El-Begermy ◽

Pretty O. Afifi

Keyword(s):

Tympanic Membrane ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Fat Graft ◽

Cartilage Graft ◽

Tympanic Membrane Perforations ◽

Number Of Patients ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Hearing Outcomes ◽

Age Range

Abstract Background This study aims to compare the graft uptake rate and hearing improvement of fat graft versus inlay butterfly tragal cartilage in the repair of perforations in chronic otitis media mucosal in adults. In this retrospective study, twenty-eight patients were included with small dry anteroinferior tympanic membrane perforations (less than 1/3 of the tympanic membrane). The age range was 18 to 44 years old. Myringoplasty was done under general anesthesia for 8 patients with a fat graft (FG) and 20 patients with inlay butterfly cartilage graft (IBCG). Six months postoperatively, a follow-up evaluation was done for successful graft uptake and hearing outcomes. Results The success rate of graft uptake in the first group (fat graft) was 6/8 cases (75%) while in the second group (IBCG) was 19/20 (95%) with no statistically significant difference (P = 0.0148). Also, there was no statistical difference between the two groups as regards postoperative ABG, improvement changes in ABG, and number of patients with improved hearing. Conclusions Inlay butterfly cartilage graft is a useful graft in repairing small tympanic membrane perforations as regard graft take and hearing outcomes.

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Ranitidine as an alcohol dehydrogenase inhibitor in acute methanol toxicity in rats

Human & Experimental Toxicology ◽

10.1177/0960327109353777 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 29 (2) ◽

pp. 93-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Amal A El-Bakary ◽

Sahar A El-Dakrory ◽

Sohayla M Attalla ◽

Nawal A Hasanein ◽

Hala A Malek

Keyword(s):

Alcohol Dehydrogenase ◽

High Performance ◽

Negative Control Group ◽

Positive Control ◽

Negative Control ◽

Control Group ◽

Sprague Dawley ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Methanol Poisoning ◽

Sprague Dawley Rats

Methanol poisoning is a hazardous intoxication characterized by visual impairment and formic acidemia. The therapy for methanol poisoning is alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) inhibitors to prevent formate accumulation. Ranitidine has been considered to be an inhibitor of both gastric alcohol and hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase enzymes. This study aimed at testing ranitidine as an antidote for methanol acute toxicity and comparing it with ethanol and 4-methyl pyrazole (4-MP). This study was conducted on 48 Sprague-Dawley rats, divided into 6 groups, with 8 rats in each group (one negative control group [C1], two positive control groups [C2, C3] and three test groups [1, 2 and 3]). C2, C3 and all test groups were exposed to nitrous oxide by inhalation, then, C3 group was given methanol (3 g/kg orally). The three test groups 1, 2 and 3 were given ethanol (0.5 g/kg orally), 4-MP (15 mg/kg intraperitoneally) and ranitidine (30 mg/kg intraperitoneally), respectively, 4 hours after giving methanol. Rats were sacrificed and heparinized, cardiac blood samples were collected for blood pH and bicarbonate. Non-heparinized blood samples were collected for formate levels by high performance liquid chromatography. Eye balls were enucleated for histological examination of the retina. Ranitidine corrected metabolic acidosis (p = .025), decreased formate levels (p = .014) and improved the histological findings in the retina induced by acute methanol toxicity.

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