NF-κB/p65 expression before and after treatment in rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant (chemo)radiotherapy and surgery: prognostic marker for disease progression and survival

This study aimed to explore the therapeutic effects of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (NCRT) on rectal cancer patients using the MRI based on low-rank matrix denoising algorithm, which was then compared with the postoperative pathological examination to evaluate its application value in tumor staging after NCRT treatment. 15 patients with rectal cancer who met the requirements of radiotherapy and chemotherapy after conventional MRI were selected as the research subjects. The conventional MRI images before and after NCRT treatment were divided in two groups. One group was not processed and set as the conventional group; the other group was processed with low-rank matrix denoising algorithm and set as the optimized group. The two groups of images were observed for the changes in the ADC value and length and thickness of the tumor before and after NCRT treatment. The two groups were compared with the pathological examination for the complete remission of pathology (pCR) after the NCRT treatment and the tumor stage results. The results showed that Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) and Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) (18.9121 and 74.9911 dB) after introducing the low-rank matrix denoising algorithm were significantly better than those before (20.1234 and 70.1234 dB) ( P < 0.05 ); there were notable differences in the tumor index data within the two groups before and after NCRT treatment ( P < 0.05 ), indicating that the NCRT treatment was effective. The pathological examination results of pCR data of the two groups were not much different ( P > 0.05 ); the examination results between the two groups were different, but no notable difference was noted ( P < 0.05 ); in the optimized group, there was no notable difference between the MRI results and the pathological examination results ( P < 0.05 ), while in the conventional group, there were notable differences in the MRI results and pathological examination results ( P < 0.05 ). In conclusion, MRI images based on low-rank matrix denoising algorithm are clearer, which can improve the diagnosis rate of patients and better display the changes of the microenvironment after NCRT treatment. It also indicates that NCRT treatment has significant clinical effects in the treatment of rectal cancer patients, which is worth promoting.

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Analysis of Intestinal Mucosal Microbiome Changes before and after Chemoradiation in Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients

Journal of Bacteriology and Virology ◽

10.4167/jbv.2019.49.4.162 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 49 (4) ◽

pp. 162

Author(s):

Incheol Seo ◽

Sung Uk Bae ◽

Shin Kim ◽

Woon Kyung Jeong ◽

Seong Kyu Baek

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽

Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽

Before And After

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ctDNA As a Potential Prognostic Marker for Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer Patients Receiving Neoadjuvant Chemo-Radiation Therapy on Disease-Free Survival (DFS)

International Journal of Radiation Oncology*Biology*Physics ◽

10.1016/j.ijrobp.2019.06.596 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 105 (1) ◽

pp. S105-S106

Author(s):

L. Yang ◽

Y. Wang ◽

H. Bao ◽

J. Wan ◽

X. Fan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Radiation Therapy ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Prognostic Marker ◽

Locally Advanced ◽

Disease Free Survival ◽

Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽

Locally Advanced Rectal Cancer ◽

Free Survival ◽

Disease Free

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Association of CD133 expression levels with the k-ras mutation status in rectal cancers before and after preoperative radiochemotherapy.

Journal of Clinical Oncology ◽

10.1200/jco.2013.31.4_suppl.400 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 31 (4_suppl) ◽

pp. 400-400

Author(s):

Thilo Sprenger ◽

Jochen Gaedcke ◽

Lena-Christin Conradi ◽

Peter Jo ◽

Klaus Jung ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Rectal Cancer ◽

Prognostic Marker ◽

Tumor Regression ◽

Post Treatment ◽

Preoperative Radiochemotherapy ◽

Cd133 Expression ◽

Before And After ◽

Rectal Cancers ◽

Pre Treatment

400 Background: The role of the potential stem cell marker CD133 as a predictive or prognostic marker in multimodal rectal cancer treatment is currently under debate. While CD133 has been identified as a prognostic marker in rectal cancers after preoperative radiochemotherapy (RCT) it was recently characterized as a very unspecific feature for colorectal cancer stem cells. We therefore analyzed the association between CD133 expression and mutations in the proto-oncogenes K-Ras and PI3K in rectal cancer patients receiving neoadjuvant RCT. Methods: CD133 expression was evaluated immunhistochemically in pre-treatment biopsies and surgical specimens of 128 patients with locally advanced rectal cancers (cUICC II/III) treated with preoperative RCT within the phase-III German Rectal Cancer Trials. K-Ras mutations were analyzed by sequencing of exons 1, 2, and 3. PI3K mutations were detected by sequencing the p110α subunit (PIK3CA) and correlated with histopathologic parameters, tumor regression and survival. Results: CD133 expression was significantly associated with mutations in the K-Ras gene in both pre-treatment biopsies and post-treatment tumor specimens in uni- and multivariate analyses. However, no significant correlation was observed between CD133 and PI3K mutations. Post-treatment CD133 levels were correlated with neoadjuvant RCT (50.4 Gy/5-FU vs. 50.4 Gy/5-FU+Ox) and tumor regression grading. Anyway, there was no significant association between pre- and post-treatment CD133 expression and disease-free survival. Conclusions: CD133 expression levels are strongly associated with mutations in the K-Ras proto-oncogene in rectal cancers before and after preoperative RCT. Our results strengthen the hypothesis that CD133 is not a specific marker for colorectal stem cells but might be integrated in proliferation pathways like the ras-raf axis.

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Targeting Lysyl Oxidase Family Meditated Matrix Cross-Linking as an Anti-Stromal Therapy in Solid Tumours

Cancers ◽

10.3390/cancers13030491 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (3) ◽

pp. 491 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Yordanos F.I. Setargew ◽

Kaitlin Wyllie ◽

Rhiannon D. Grant ◽

Jessica L. Chitty ◽

Thomas R. Cox

Keyword(s):

Disease Progression ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Prognostic Marker ◽

Patient Outcomes ◽

Lysyl Oxidase ◽

Primary Tumour ◽

Solid Tumours ◽

Cross Linking ◽

Poor Patient ◽

Metastatic Sites

The lysyl oxidase (LOX) family of enzymes are a major driver in the biogenesis of desmoplastic matrix at the primary tumour and secondary metastatic sites. With the increasing interest in and development of anti-stromal therapies aimed at improving clinical outcomes of cancer patients, the Lox family has emerged as a potentially powerful clinical target. This review examines how lysyl oxidase family dysregulation in solid cancers contributes to disease progression and poor patient outcomes, as well as an evaluation of the preclinical landscape of LOX family targeting therapeutics. We also discuss the suitability of the LOX family as a diagnostic and/or prognostic marker in solid tumours.

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Sexual organ-sparing with hydrogel spacer injections for rectal cancer radiotherapy: a feasibility pilot study

British Journal of Radiology ◽

10.1259/bjr.20200931 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 20200931

Author(s):

Vérane Achard ◽

Frederic Ris ◽

Michel Rouzaud ◽

Giacomo Puppa ◽

Nicolas C Buchs ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rectal Cancer ◽

Pilot Study ◽

Cancer Patients ◽

Curative Surgery ◽

Sexual Organ ◽

Before And After ◽

Dosimetric Study ◽

Organ Sparing ◽

Radiotherapy Dose ◽

Dose Levels

Objectives: The aim of this pilot study was to investigate in two rectal cancer patients undergoing neoadjuvant chemo-radiotherapy (nCRT) the implant feasibility and dosimetric benefit in sexual organ-sparing of an injectable, absorbable, radiopaque hydrogel spacer. Methods: Two rectal cancer patients (one male and one female) underwent hydrogel implant between rectum and vagina/prostate before nCRT and curative surgery. A CT scan was performed before and after injection and a comparative dosimetric study was performed testing a standard (45/50 Gy) and a dose escalated (46/55.2 Gy) schedule. Results: In both patients, the spacer implant in the recto-prostatic or recto-vaginal space was feasible and well tolerated. For the male, the dosimetric benefit with spacer was minimal for sexual organs. For the female however, doses delivered to the vagina were significantly reduced with spacer with a mean reduction of more than 5 Gy for both regimens. Conclusions: For organ preservation protocols and selected sexually active female patients, use of hydrogel spacers can be considered to spare sexual organs from the high radiotherapy dose levels. Advances in knowledge: For females with advanced rectal tumor, a spacer implant between the rectum and the vagina before nCRT is feasible and reduces doses delivered to the vagina.

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