Mechanical Excitation of Electricity-Producing Wind Turbines at Grid Faults

2003 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 257-272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladislav Akhmatov
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Voltage Profile ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Mechanical Excitation ◽  
Mechanical Responses ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Shaft System

A model of electricity-producing wind turbines, focusing on a detailed representation of the mechanical construction by a simplified aeroelastic code, is implemented in the simulation tool PSS/E. The model is used to investigate the mechanical excitation of the grid-connected wind turbines due to grid faults. The power grid models, of arbitrary complexity, allow an accurate response of the wind turbine generators to the grid fault. This simulates an accurate voltage profile and, hence, the electric torque affecting the mechanical construction through the shaft system. The turbine construction will be excited by the grid fault with torsional oscillations and vibrations in the shaft system. These mechanical responses are compared with the respective oscillations and vibrations occurring in the wind turbine at a safety-stop. The analysis is important because the capacities and physical size of new wind turbines are increasing significantly, so the interaction between the wind turbine mechanical construction and the power grid will affect power stability.

Performance Study of Wind Turbine Generators

Solar Energy ◽  
2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. R. Bhagwatikar ◽  
W. Z. Gandhare
Keyword(s):  
Power Consumption ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Variable Speed ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Utility Grid ◽  
Operational Issues

It is well known that the wind power has definitely certain impact on the grid power. Issues associated with the integration of wind power into the utility grid are interface issues, operational issues and planning issues. Interface issues include harmonics, reactive power consumption, voltage regulation and frequency control. Operational issues are intermittent power generation, operating reserve requirements, unit commitment and economic despatch. And planning issues are concerned with intermittent wind resources compared to conventional power resources. An important question, when connecting the wind turbine generators to the utility grid, is how much the power / voltage quality will be influenced, since the power production by wind turbines is intermittent, quantity wise as well as quality wise. This paper is focused on the on comparison between the constant speed wind turbines and variable speed wind turbines, reactive power consumption and harmonics generated by both wind turbines. Total harmonic distortion is calculated by the application of C++ software and a comparison is done between the generators with respect to the harmonics. It is observed that constant speed wind turbine generates low order harmonics and variable speed turbine generates high order harmonics. On the basis of results, some solutions are suggested to improve the wind power quality and to reduce reactive power consumption. It seems that variable speed wind turbines with electronic interface are better with respect to the utility grid point of view.

A Review of the Development of Wind Turbine Generators Across the World

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Goudarzi ◽  
W. D. Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Power Sources ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
The World ◽  
Market Trends

Wind power as a source of green and abundant energy has acquired a great momentum across the world and is proposed as one of the main new world power sources. In the last few decades, wind turbines with different generators have been developed to increase the maximum power capture, minimize the costs, and expand the use of the wind turbines in both onshore and offshore applications. This paper studies the development of different types of wind turbine generator technologies and discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each type. In addition, a comparison of different generator designs based on the technical data and market trends is provided. To better understand the development of generator concepts on the market, the market trends of current large generators with a capacity of 2.5 MW and above across the world are evaluated.

Bayesian Networks in Electric Reliability Assessment of Doubly-Fed Wind Turbine Generator

2014 ◽  
Vol 494-495 ◽  
pp. 1791-1794 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hai Ning Pan ◽  
Ming Qin ◽  
Jun Zhang ◽  
Chao Chang ◽  
Pan Lei
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Reliability Assessment ◽  
Turbine Generator ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Reliability Methods ◽  
Doubly Fed ◽  
Electrical Components ◽  
Large Wind

For the development of large wind turbines, the approach of trial and error is also not adequate for mass produced wind turbines, a reliability-concerned manufacturing must be involved for the future development. An approach which introduces probabilistic reliability assessment which incorporates reliability methods into wind turbine engineering is described. Fault Tree of wind turbine generators electrical components is firstly built. Then it is transformed to the Bayesian network and probabilistic distribution is preceded using Markov chain Monte Carlo inference. Finally a set of qualitative and quantitative reliability is given according to a specific probabilistic input.

A Comprehensive Analysis and Review on Electrical Machines in Wind Energy Conversion Systems

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 77-93
Author(s):  
Dourodjayé Pierre Aguemon ◽  
Richard Gilles Agbokpanzo ◽  
Frédéric Dubas ◽  
Antoine Vianou ◽  
Didier Chamagne ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Electrical Machines ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion ◽  
Wind Energy Conversion Systems ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Energy Conversion Systems

Wind energy conversion systems (WECS) have developed rapidly in recent years in terms of capacity and wind turbines design. This development led to improve power quality, to reduce the costs and increase the energy yield. WECS are expected to be reliable, effective and more cost-competitive. A comprehensive analysis and review on electrical machines in WECS (viz., wind turbine generators) has been presented in this paper. Design, (dis) advantages, and market penetration of different wind turbine generators are analyzed and discussed. Some comparisons have been made on the permanent-magnet (PM) synchronous machines, promising generator for future wind turbines, especially offshore wind turbines.

scholarly journals Control Algorithm for Parallel Connected Offshore Wind Turbine Generators

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (15) ◽  
pp. 4670
Author(s):  
Emir Omerdic ◽  
Jakub Osmic ◽  
Cathal O’Donnell ◽  
Edin Omerdic
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Power ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Control Algorithm ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Offshore Wind ◽  
Offshore Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Extraction ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators

A control algorithm for Parallel Connected Offshore Wind Turbines with permanent magnet synchronous Generators (PCOWTG) is presented in this paper. The algorithm estimates the optimal collective speed of turbines based on the estimated mechanical power of wind turbines without direct measurement of wind speed. In the proposed topology of the wind farm, direct-drive Wind Turbine Generators (WTG) is connected to variable low-frequency AC Collection Grids (ACCG) without the use of individual power converters. The ACCG is connected to a variable low-frequency offshore AC transmission grid using a step-up transformer. In order to achieve optimum wind power extraction, the collective speed of the WTGs is controlled by a single onshore Back to Back converter (B2B). The voltage control system of the B2B converter adjusts voltage by keeping a constant Volt/Hz ratio, ensuring constant magnetic flux of electromagnetic devices regardless of changing system frequency. With the use of PI pitch compensators, wind power extraction for each wind turbine is limited within rated WTG power limits. Lack of load damping in offshore wind parks can result in oscillatory instability of PCOWTG. In this paper, damping torque is increased using P pitch controllers at each WTG that work in parallel with PI pitch compensators.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Grid-Connected Wind Turbine Generators

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 6807
Author(s):  
Henok Ayele Behabtu ◽  
Thierry Coosemans ◽  
Maitane Berecibar ◽  
Kinde Anlay Fante ◽  
Abraham Alem Kebede ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Energy Generation ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Induction Generator ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Generation Capacity ◽  
Variable Wind

The risk of oscillation of grid-connected wind turbine generators (WTGs) is well known, making it all the more important to understand the characteristics of different WTGs and analyze their performance so that the problems’ causes are identified and resolved. While many studies have evaluated the performance of grid-connected WTGs, most lack clarity and precision in the modeling and simulation techniques used. Moreover, most of the literature focuses on a single mode of operation of WTGs to analyze their performances. Therefore, this paper updates the literature by considering the different operating conditions for WTGs. Using MATLAB/SIMULINK it expands the evaluation to the full range of vulnerabilities of WTGs: from the wind turbine to grid connection. A network representing grid-connected squirrel-cage induction generator (SCIG) and doubly-fed induction generator (DFIG) wind turbines are selected for simulation. The performances of SCIG and DFIG wind turbines are evaluated in terms of their energy generation capacity during constant rated wind speed, variable wind speed, and ability of fault-ride through during dynamic system transient operating conditions. The simulation results show the performance of DFIG is better than SCIG in terms of its energy generation capacity during variable wind speed conditions and active and reactive power control capability during steady-state and transient operating conditions. As a result, DFIG wind turbine is more suitable for large-scale wind power plants connected to weak utility grid applications than SCIG.

scholarly journals Wind Fleet Generator Fault Detection via SCADA Alarms and Autoencoders

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (23) ◽  
pp. 8649
Author(s):  
Mattia Beretta ◽  
Juan José Cárdenas ◽  
Cosmin Koch ◽  
Jordi Cusidó
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
Rigorous Evaluation ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Input Variables

A hybrid health monitoring system for wind turbine generators is introduced. The novelty of this research consists in approaching a 115-wind turbine fleet by using the fusion of multiple sources of information. Analog SCADA data is analyzed through an autoencoder which allows to identify anomalous patterns within the input variables. Alarm logs are processed and merged to the anomaly detection output, creating a reliable health estimator of generator conditions. The proposed methodology has been tested on a fleet of 115 wind turbines from four different manufacturers located in various locations around Europe. The solution has been compared with other existing data modeling techniques offering impressive results on the fleet. An accuracy of 82% and a Kappa of 56% were obtained. The detailed methodology is presented using one of the available windfarms, composed of 13 onshore wind turbines rated 2 MW power. The rigorous evaluation of the results, the utilization of real data and the heterogeneity of the dataset prove the validity of the system and its applicability in an online operating scenario.

A testing procedure for wind turbine generators based on the power grid statistical model

2018 ◽  
Vol 116 ◽  
pp. 136-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saber Farajzadeh ◽  
Mohammad H. Ramezani ◽  
Peter Nielsen ◽  
Esmaeil S. Nadimi
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Model ◽  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Power Grid ◽  
Testing Procedure ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators

scholarly journals A Rare-Earth Free Magnetically Geared Generator for Direct-Drive Wind Turbines

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Zeinali ◽  
Ozan Keysan
Keyword(s):  
Wind Turbine ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Outer Diameter ◽  
Direct Drive ◽  
Torque Density ◽  
Turbine Generators ◽  
Wind Turbine Generators ◽  
Pole Type ◽  
Structural Mass ◽  
Large Wind

A novel Vernier type magnetically geared direct-drive generator for large wind turbines is introduced in this paper. Conventional Vernier-type machines and most of the direct-drive wind turbine generators use excessive amount of permanent magnet, which increases the overall cost and makes the manufacturing process challenging. In this paper, an electrically excited (PM_less) claw-pole type Vernier machine is presented. This new topology has the potential of reducing mass and cost of the generator, and can make the construction easy in manufacturing and handling. Analytical designs are verified using 3D finite-element simulations and several designs are evaluated to find the optimum design for a 7.5 MW, 12 rpm wind turbine application. It is shown, that the required torque can be achieved with an outer diameter of 7.5 m, and with a mass of 172 t (including the structural mass). The proposed generator is compared with commercial direct-drive generators, and it is found that the proposed generator has the highest torque density with 34.7 kNm/t.

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