Dissection and cytological mapping of barley chromosome 2H in the genetic background of common wheat

Aim. The aim of the work was to evaluate the genetic background of resistance to Fusarium head blight in common winter wheat cultivars based on the allelic state of the TDF_076_2D gene conferring tolerance against Fusarium graminearum Schwabe and F. culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc. fungi. Methods. We studied 91 winter common wheat cultivars developed in the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of NAS of Ukraine. A silica-based commercial kit was used for DNA extraction. For the allelic state detection, the INDEL1 marker co-segregating with the TDF_076_2D gene was used. Results. The frequency of the resistance allele according to the marker for the gene conferring moderate resistance to the Fusarium fungi made up 0.802. Conclusions. The majority of the common wheat cultivars from the studied sample carry the resistance allele of the gene of interest. The data obtained are consistent with the results of previous research for the wider sample of the winter and spring common wheat cultivars. The cultivars with confirmed resistance allele might show lower infection level in the field and serve as a source of the gene in marker assisted selection. Keywords: common wheat, disease resistance genes, Fusarium head blight, molecular markers.

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Development and investigation of common wheat lines of winter cultivar Bezostaya 1 with combinations of dominant alleles of VRN-1 loci

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding ◽

10.18699/vj18.437 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 951-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. V. Chumanova ◽

T. T. Efremova ◽

Y. V. Kruchinina ◽

L. A. Pershina

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Genetic System ◽

Isogenic Line ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Growing Period ◽

Isogenic Lines ◽

F2 Generation ◽

The Individual ◽

Developmental Phases

VRNgenes, determining wheat sensitivity to vernalization, are the main genetic system that defnes the duration of the entire growing period and the durations of the main organogenesis phases. To date, several alleles have been described forVRN-1loci, and allelespecifc primers have been developed that allow rapid identifcation of allelic spectra in common wheat varieties and lines. The unequal inﬂuence of diﬀerent alleles ofVRN-1loci on the duration of the growing period has also been shown; however, there is little information on the eﬀect of the combination of diﬀerent alleles on heading time. In developing genotypes having diﬀerent alleles of dominantVRNgenes on the base of the same genetic background, it is necessary to study the genetic eﬀects ofVRNgenes on the duration of the growing season and the individual developmental phases, as well as on productivity. Most varieties presently grown in Russia carry the dominant alleles of twoVRN-1genes:Vrn-A1aandVrn-B1aorVrn-B1c; thus, the task was to create lines combining the dominant alleles ofVrn-A1awithVrn-B1aandVrn-B1cagainst the genetic background of the winter variety Bezostaya 1 (Bez1Vrn-A1a/Vrn-B1aand Bez1Vrn-A1a/Vrn-B1c). Homozygous plants were isolated in the F2 generation by using known allelespecifc primers for theVrn-A1andVrn-B1loci. The durations of the tillering–frst node period, which is the key stage determining growing duration, and the period from shoots to heading were signifcantly reduced in lines with a combination of two dominant alleles ofVRN-1loci compared to isogenic lines of Bezostaya 1 with the dominant allelesVrn-B1aandVrn-B1c. The duration of these developmental phases also decreased in the obtained lines as compared to the isogenic line containing the dominantVrn-A1aallele, but the diﬀerences were not signifcant. No substantial diﬀerences were found in the duration of other growing phases in lines with two dominant alleles of theVRN-1loci as compared to isogenic lines of Bezostaya 1.

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Production of Near-Isogenic Lines and Marked Monosomic Lines in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Chinese Spring

Journal of Heredity ◽

10.1093/jhered/92.3.254 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 254-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

H. Tsujimoto

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Chinese Spring ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Marker Gene ◽

Gene Isolation ◽

Marker Genes ◽

Near Isogenic Lines ◽

Isogenic Lines ◽

Recurrent Backcrossing

Abstract Sixteen near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying a marker gene were produced by the recurrent backcrossing method in the genetic background of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Chinese Spring (CS). Three genes from alien species showed segregation distortion. In NILs carrying a marker gene of rye (Secale cereale) or Aegilops caudata, the alien chromosome segments were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The NILs were grown with replications and the effect of marker genes on plant morphology in the genetic background of CS was investigated. These NILs were further crossed with the corresponding monosomics of CS and 13 monosomic lines whose monosome carries a respective marker gene were established and named “marked monosomics.” Many of the marked monosomics were distinguishable from the disomic NILs because of the different dosage effect of the genes. The NILs are utilized for studies on gene isolation or gene regulation. Marked monosomics are useful not only for monosomic analysis but also for production of homologous chromosome substitution lines because chromosome observation is not required.

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