Analysis of VRN1 gene in triticale and common wheat genetic background

Aim. The aim of the work was to evaluate the genetic background of resistance to Fusarium head blight in common winter wheat cultivars based on the allelic state of the TDF_076_2D gene conferring tolerance against Fusarium graminearum Schwabe and F. culmorum (W.G.Sm.) Sacc. fungi. Methods. We studied 91 winter common wheat cultivars developed in the Institute of Plant Physiology and Genetics of NAS of Ukraine. A silica-based commercial kit was used for DNA extraction. For the allelic state detection, the INDEL1 marker co-segregating with the TDF_076_2D gene was used. Results. The frequency of the resistance allele according to the marker for the gene conferring moderate resistance to the Fusarium fungi made up 0.802. Conclusions. The majority of the common wheat cultivars from the studied sample carry the resistance allele of the gene of interest. The data obtained are consistent with the results of previous research for the wider sample of the winter and spring common wheat cultivars. The cultivars with confirmed resistance allele might show lower infection level in the field and serve as a source of the gene in marker assisted selection. Keywords: common wheat, disease resistance genes, Fusarium head blight, molecular markers.

Download Full-text

Development and investigation of common wheat lines of winter cultivar Bezostaya 1 with combinations of dominant alleles of VRN-1 loci

Vavilov Journal of Genetics and Breeding ◽

10.18699/vj18.437 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

pp. 951-956 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

E. V. Chumanova ◽

T. T. Efremova ◽

Y. V. Kruchinina ◽

L. A. Pershina

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Genetic System ◽

Isogenic Line ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Growing Period ◽

Isogenic Lines ◽

F2 Generation ◽

The Individual ◽

Developmental Phases

VRNgenes, determining wheat sensitivity to vernalization, are the main genetic system that defnes the duration of the entire growing period and the durations of the main organogenesis phases. To date, several alleles have been described forVRN-1loci, and allelespecifc primers have been developed that allow rapid identifcation of allelic spectra in common wheat varieties and lines. The unequal inﬂuence of diﬀerent alleles ofVRN-1loci on the duration of the growing period has also been shown; however, there is little information on the eﬀect of the combination of diﬀerent alleles on heading time. In developing genotypes having diﬀerent alleles of dominantVRNgenes on the base of the same genetic background, it is necessary to study the genetic eﬀects ofVRNgenes on the duration of the growing season and the individual developmental phases, as well as on productivity. Most varieties presently grown in Russia carry the dominant alleles of twoVRN-1genes:Vrn-A1aandVrn-B1aorVrn-B1c; thus, the task was to create lines combining the dominant alleles ofVrn-A1awithVrn-B1aandVrn-B1cagainst the genetic background of the winter variety Bezostaya 1 (Bez1Vrn-A1a/Vrn-B1aand Bez1Vrn-A1a/Vrn-B1c). Homozygous plants were isolated in the F2 generation by using known allelespecifc primers for theVrn-A1andVrn-B1loci. The durations of the tillering–frst node period, which is the key stage determining growing duration, and the period from shoots to heading were signifcantly reduced in lines with a combination of two dominant alleles ofVRN-1loci compared to isogenic lines of Bezostaya 1 with the dominant allelesVrn-B1aandVrn-B1c. The duration of these developmental phases also decreased in the obtained lines as compared to the isogenic line containing the dominantVrn-A1aallele, but the diﬀerences were not signifcant. No substantial diﬀerences were found in the duration of other growing phases in lines with two dominant alleles of theVRN-1loci as compared to isogenic lines of Bezostaya 1.

Download Full-text

Identification of allelic combinations of the Ppd-D1, Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1 and Vrn-D1 genes in common wheat lines obtained in the National Center of Grain named after P. P. Lukyanenko

PROCEEDINGS OF V INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCE “CURRENT STATE, PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF AGRARIAN SCIENCE” ◽

10.33952/2542-0720-2020-5-9-10-63 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Yu.S. Zubanova ◽

◽

V.A. Filobok ◽

E.A. Guenkova ◽

E.R. Davoyan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Common Wheat ◽

Recessive Allele ◽

Dominant Allele ◽

Specific Primers ◽

Photoperiodic Sensitivity ◽

Allelic Composition ◽

Vrn1 Gene ◽

Allele Specific ◽

Wheat Lines

An analysis of the allelic composition of the genes determining photoperiodic sensitivity (Ppd-D1) and the need for vernalization (Vrn-A1, Vrn-B1, Vrn-D1) was carried out in 286 common wheat lines obtained in the National Center of Grain named after P. P. Lukyanenko with the use of allele-specific primers. The analyzed samples were distributed over 21 haplotypes; the dominant allele of the Ppd-D1a gene prevailed in the studied material. 123 lines of common wheat carry a combination of D-RRD alleles. The lines that can be attributed to the group of alternate wheat (R-RDR, R-RRD) were identified. All studied samples carry the recessive allele of at least one VRN1 gene.

Download Full-text

Production of Near-Isogenic Lines and Marked Monosomic Lines in Common Wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Chinese Spring

Journal of Heredity ◽

10.1093/jhered/92.3.254 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 92 (3) ◽

pp. 254-259 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

H. Tsujimoto

Keyword(s):

Triticum Aestivum ◽

Common Wheat ◽

Chinese Spring ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Marker Gene ◽

Gene Isolation ◽

Marker Genes ◽

Near Isogenic Lines ◽

Isogenic Lines ◽

Recurrent Backcrossing

Abstract Sixteen near-isogenic lines (NILs) carrying a marker gene were produced by the recurrent backcrossing method in the genetic background of common wheat (Triticum aestivum) cv. Chinese Spring (CS). Three genes from alien species showed segregation distortion. In NILs carrying a marker gene of rye (Secale cereale) or Aegilops caudata, the alien chromosome segments were detected by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). The NILs were grown with replications and the effect of marker genes on plant morphology in the genetic background of CS was investigated. These NILs were further crossed with the corresponding monosomics of CS and 13 monosomic lines whose monosome carries a respective marker gene were established and named “marked monosomics.” Many of the marked monosomics were distinguishable from the disomic NILs because of the different dosage effect of the genes. The NILs are utilized for studies on gene isolation or gene regulation. Marked monosomics are useful not only for monosomic analysis but also for production of homologous chromosome substitution lines because chromosome observation is not required.

Download Full-text

Computer Reconstruction of the Cellular Architecture of the Daphnia Magna Optic Ganglion

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100115043 ◽

1975 ◽

Vol 33 ◽

pp. 284-285

Author(s):

E. R. Macagno ◽

C. Levinthal

Keyword(s):

Daphnia Magna ◽

Genetic Background ◽

Compound Eye ◽

Synaptic Connectivity ◽

Serial Sections ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Small Crustacean ◽

Optic Ganglion ◽

Structural Invariance ◽

High Degree

The optic ganglion of Daphnia Magna, a small crustacean that reproduces parthenogenetically contains about three hundred neurons: 110 neurons in the Lamina or anterior region and about 190 neurons in the Medulla or posterior region. The ganglion lies in the midplane of the organism and shows a high degree of left-right symmetry in its structures. The Lamina neurons form the first projection of the visual output from 176 retinula cells in the compound eye. In order to answer questions about structural invariance under constant genetic background, we have begun to reconstruct in detail the morphology and synaptic connectivity of various neurons in this ganglion from electron micrographs of serial sections (1). The ganglion is sectioned in a dorso-ventra1 direction so as to minimize the cross-sectional area photographed in each section. This area is about 60 μm x 120 μm, and hence most of the ganglion fit in a single 70 mm micrograph at the lowest magnification (685x) available on our Zeiss EM9-S.

Download Full-text