scholarly journals Determination of 137Cs in Sea Water Samples Using Gamma Spectrometry

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 247
Author(s):  
N. Evaggeliou ◽  
Ch. Lykomitrou ◽  
A. Zafiropoulou
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Comparative Evaluation ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Co Precipitation ◽  
Radioanalytical Procedures

In the present study a comparative evaluation of two methods for 137Cs determination (pretreatment for gamma spectrometry) is attempted. One of them is the conventional AMP (ammonium molybdophosphate, (ΝΗ4)3Ρ(Μo3O10)4) method (radiochemical treatment based on coprecipitation) and the other one is a method based on pre-concentration of cesium in situ by using the Mark III Centrifugal Pump. The pump, which is described analytically in the study, is composed of a mo­tor (pump), four cartridge housings (containing the scavengers), a flow meter and a pressure tube (containing the battery pack and the timer board). For justification, this method is compared with the AMP co-precipitation one. Following up the radioanalytical procedures, the gamma spectrometry system (relative efficiency of high purity germanium detector 90%) is also demonstrated, as conformed to mea­ suring obtained parameters. Finally, the advantages and disadvantages of these two methods are recorded and the application of each one is suggested.

Assay of Plutonium Contaminated Waste by Gamma Spectrometry

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ian Adsley ◽  
Michael Green ◽  
Ian Pearman ◽  
Michael Davies
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Sodium Iodide ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Gamma Detector ◽  
The Past ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Contaminated Waste ◽  
In Situ Assay

This paper considers the use of two types of gamma detector for the in-situ assay of plutonium contaminated materials (PCM): the thin sodium iodide FIDLER (Field Instrument for the Detection of Low Energy Radiation) and the HPGe (High Purity Germanium) detector. The difficulty of the accurate assay of PCM in the past has led to a default mechanism of collecting such wastes in drums, or other types of containers, for subsequent assessment. This has resulted in many thousands of such drums being collected and stored on the major UK sites which were involved with the handling and processing of plutonium. In some cases these drums have been stored for over 20 years. This paper gives a description of the current technologies for monitoring these stored wastes, but more importantly proposes that it would be a better practice to measure such future PCM wastes in-situ, before any demolition or decommissioning is undertaken.

Real-time in-situ determination of free Cu(II) at picomolar levels in sea water using a fluorescence lifetime-based fiber optic biosensor

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard B. Thompson ◽  
Hui-Hui Zeng ◽  
Carol A. Fierke ◽  
Gary Fones ◽  
James W. Moffett
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Fluorescence Lifetime ◽  
Fiber Optic ◽  
Sea Water

scholarly journals Analysis of the 40K levels in soil using gamma spectrometry

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (spe2) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Araújo dos Santos Júnior ◽  
Jorge João Ricardo Ferreira Cardoso ◽  
Cleomacio Miguel da Silva ◽  
Suêldo Vita Silveira ◽  
Romilton dos Santos Amaral
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Spectrometry ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Spectrometry Method ◽  
Dose Rates ◽  
Elemental Concentrations ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Specific Activities ◽  
Potassium 40

Potassium-40 was determined in soil in an area with 40,000 m² situated in the western State of Pernambuco, Brazil. For radiometric measurements, the gamma spectrometry method with a high purity germanium (HPGe) detector was used. Sampling of 78 soil samples has been performed at intervals of 25 m. The specific activities of 40K were calculated based on the photopeak of 1.46 MeV. Values from 541 to 3,572 Bq kg-1 were obtained (mean of 1,827 Bq kg-1). These values allowed the determination of the elemental concentrations as well as the absorbed dose rates in air, 1 m above the ground. The values varied from 1.7 to 11.5% (mean of 6%) and from 23.4 to 154.3 nGy h-1 (mean of 79 nGy h-1), respectively.

Determination of Reactive Phosphate in Nanomolar Level in Sea Water with Mg(OH)2 Co-precipitation

2012 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-136
Author(s):  
Yan-Qing XU ◽  
Sheng-Quan GAO ◽  
Jian-Fang CHEN ◽  
Kui WANG ◽  
Hai-Yan JIN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Water ◽  
Reactive Phosphate ◽  
Co Precipitation

scholarly journals Determination of the energy transitions and half-lives of Rubidium nuclei

Open Physics ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmet Biçer ◽  
Kaan Manisa ◽  
Abdullah Engin Çalık ◽  
Mehmet Erdoğan ◽  
Mürsel Şen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nuclear Physics ◽  
Germanium Detector ◽  
Nuclear Research ◽  
Photonuclear Reactions ◽  
Linear Accelerators ◽  
Efficient Tool ◽  
Transition Energies ◽  
High Purity Germanium ◽  
Physics Experiment

Abstract The photonuclear reactions, first extensively studied in the 1970’s and performed using the gamma rays obtained via bremsstrahlung, are a standard nuclear physics experiment. In this study, a non-enriched Rubidium sample was irradiated with photons produced by a clinical linear electron accelerator (cLINACs) with energies up to 18 MeV with the aim of activating it through photonuclear reactions. The activated sample was measured with a high purity germanium detector (HPGe) with the aim of measuring the transition energies and half-lives. The spectroscopic analysis performed on the obtained data yielded high quality results for the transition energies with precision matching or surpassing the literature data. For the half-lives the results were consistent with the literature, most notably the half-life of 84mRb decay was determined as 20.28(2) m. The results for both energies and half-lives further show that the clinical linear accelerators can be successfully used as an efficient tool in experimental nuclear research endeavors.

In situ determination of silicic acid in sea water based on FIA and colorimetric dual-wavelength measurements.

1998 ◽  
Vol 377 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julien Floch ◽  
Stéphane Blain ◽  
Dominique Birot ◽  
Paul Treguer
Keyword(s):  
Silicic Acid ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Dual Wavelength ◽  
Water Based

scholarly journals Pengaruh Perbedaan Kedalaman Terhadap Fitoplankton dan Zooplankton Di Perairan Pulau Panjang, Jepara

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-188
Author(s):  
Deftika Mulyawati ◽  
Raden Ario ◽  
Ita Riniatsih
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Mesh Size ◽  
Active Method ◽  
Limited Mobility ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Ship Speed

Plankton merupakan sebuah kelompok organisme yang hanyut bebas di dalam lautan. Plankton dapat dibagi menjadi dua golongan, yaitu fitoplankton dan zooplankton. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan dari kelimpahan fitoplankton dan zooplankton berdasarkan perbedaan kedalaman di perairan timur Pulau Panjang Kabupaten Jepara. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode aktif yaitu dengan menarik plankton net dengan mata jaring ukuran 45µ untuk fitoplankton dan 150µ untuk zooplankton. Penarikan dilakukan menggunakan kapal selama 3-5 menit dengan kecepatan kapal 0,67 m/s pada lokasi penelitian. Penentuan stasiun penelitian berdasarkan pada perbedaan kedalaman. Kedalaman air laut yang digunakan pada saat pengambilan sampel ini adalah stasiun 1 dengan kedalaman 0 m atau permukaan air laut, stasiun 2 dengan kedalaman 1-2 m dari permukaan air laut, dan stasiun 3 dengan kedalaman 3-4 m dari permukaan air laut. Pengukuran kualitas perairan dilakukan secara in situ bersamaan dengan pengambilan sampel dilakukan. Hasil dari penelitian ini didapatkan komposisi fitoplankton sebanyak 13 genus dengan kelimpahan berkisar antara 3844,19-10869,80 individu/m3. Komposisi zooplankton di perairan didapatkan sebanyak 12 genus dengan kelimpahan berkisar antara 838,77-3250,24 individu/m3. Hubungan kelimpahan antara zooplankton dan fitoplankton di perairan ini termasuk kedalam golongan hubungan korelasi positif Plankton is a group that drifts freely in the ocean. Plankton has limited mobility. Plankton can be divided into two groups, namely phytoplankton and zooplankton. This study aims to determine the relationship of the abundance of phytoplankton and zooplankton based on rates in the east of Panjang Island, Jepara Regency. Sampling is done by the active method, namely by pulling the plankton net with a mesh size of 45µ for phytoplankton and 150µ for zooplankton. Withdrawals carried out by a ship for 3-5 minutes with a ship speed of 0.67 m/s at the study site. Determination of research stations based on differences in depth. The depth of sea water used during sampling is station 1 with a depth of 0 m or sea level, station 2 with a depth of 1-2 m from sea level, and station 3 with a depth of 3-4 m above sea level. Measurements of water quality were carried out in situ together with sampling. The results of this study obtained phytoplankton compositions as many as 13 genera with abundance ranging from 3844.19-10869.80 individuals/m3. The composition of zooplankton in the waters obtained as many as 12 genera with abundance ranging from 838.77-3250.24 individuals/m3. The relationship of abundance between zooplankton and phytoplankton in these waters is included in the group of positive correlation.

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