scholarly journals A pilot study: Can heart rate variability (HRV) be determined using short-term photoplethysmograms?

F1000Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 2354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Elgendi ◽  
Ian Norton ◽  
Matt Brearley ◽  
Socrates Dokos ◽  
Derek Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Hot Environment ◽  
Heart Rate Analysis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

To date, there have been no studies that investigate the independent use of the photoplethysmogram (PPG) signal to determine heart rate variability (HRV). However, researchers have demonstrated that PPG signals offer an alternative way of measuring HRV when electrocardiogram (ECG) and PPG signals are collected simultaneously. Based on these findings, we take the use of PPGs to the next step and investigate a different approach to show the potential independent use of short 20-second PPG signals collected from healthy subjects after exercise in a hot environment to measure HRV. Our hypothesis is that if the PPG--HRV indices are negatively correlated with age, then short PPG signals are appropriate measurements for extracting HRV parameters. The PPGs of 27 healthy male volunteers at rest and after exercise were used to determine the HRV indices: standard deviation of heartbeat interval (SDNN) and the root-mean square of the difference of successive heartbeats (RMSSD). The results indicate that the use of the $aa$ interval, derived from the acceleration of PPG signals, is promising in determining the HRV statistical indices SDNN and RMSSD over 20-second PPG recordings. Moreover, the post-exercise SDNN index shows a negative correlation with age. There tends to be a decrease of the PPG--SDNN index with increasing age, whether at rest or after exercise. This new outcome validates the negative relationship between HRV in general with age, and consequently provides another evidence that short PPG signals have the potential to be used in heart rate analysis without the need to measure lengthy sequences of either ECG or PPG signals.

Evaluation of standardized, computerized Dawes/Redman heart-rate analysis based on different recording methods and in relation to fetal beat-to-beat heart rate variability

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregor Seliger ◽  
Ariane Stenzel ◽  
Eva-Maria Kowalski ◽  
Dirk Hoyer ◽  
Samuel Nowack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Temporal Information ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Fetal Magnetocardiography ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Heart Rate Analysis ◽  
Fetal Electrocardiography ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractDawes and Redman (DR) based their definition of short-term variation (STV) on the successive differences of mean inter-beat intervals dividing 1 min of cardiotocography recordings in 16 epochs of 3.75 s each. In contrast, heart rate variability (HRV) is based on the inter-beat intervals of discrete R peaks, also referred to as normal-to-normal (NN) intervals. Despite the historical achievements of DR in providing a robust method with the equipment available at the time to encourage the widespread use and creation of large databases, one must ask whether the STV (DR) parameter is reproducible using a different method of recording, and how much temporal information is actually lost by applying the averaging algorithm sketched above. We simultaneously performed both standard Oxford cardiotocography and transabdominal fetal electrocardiography recordings in 26 patients with low-risk singletons. In addition, we revisited our database of 418 standard fetal magnetocardiographic recordings, applying the DR algorithm to the fetal NN data and compared them to standard HRV parameters. The correlation between STV (DR) from cardiotocography and fetal electrocardiography was stronger that of either with short term fHRV from NN intervals. The methodological trade-off to gain STV as a robust parameter from heart rate traces of limited temporal resolution is accompanied by a loss of temporal information that, at the moment, only fetal magnetocardiography and, to a lesser extent, fetal electrocardiography may provide.

scholarly journals Sex Differences in Time-Domain and Frequency-Domain Heart Rate Variability Measures of Fatigued Drivers

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (22) ◽  
pp. 8499
Author(s):  
Chao Zeng ◽  
Wenjun Wang ◽  
Chaoyang Chen ◽  
Chaofei Zhang ◽  
Bo Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Sex Differences ◽  
Frequency Domain ◽  
Time Domain ◽  
Mental States ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Frequency Domain Methods ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

The effects of fatigue on a driver’s autonomic nervous system (ANS) were investigated through heart rate variability (HRV) measures considering the difference of sex. Electrocardiogram (ECG) data from 18 drivers were recorded during a simulator-based driving experiment. Thirteen short-term HRV measures were extracted through time-domain and frequency-domain methods. First, differences in HRV measures related to mental state (alert or fatigued) were analyzed in all subjects. Then, sex-specific changes between alert and fatigued states were investigated. Finally, sex differences between alert and fatigued states were compared. For all subjects, ten measures showed significant differences (Mann-Whitney U test, p < 0.01) between different mental states. In male and female drivers, eight and four measures, respectively, showed significant differences between different mental states. Six measures showed significant differences between males and females in an alert state, while ten measures showed significant sex differences in a fatigued state. In conclusion, fatigue impacts drivers’ ANS activity, and this impact differs by sex; more differences exist between male and female drivers’ ANS activity in a fatigued state than in an alert state.

scholarly journals Heart Rate Variability Time Analyses of the Streptozotocin- Diabetic Rat

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 64
Author(s):  
M. Jacobson ◽  
F.C. Howarth ◽  
E. Adeghate ◽  
K. Fatima-Shad
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Diabetic Rat ◽  
Physiological Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The World ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Streptozotocin Diabetic Rat

As the world prevalence of diabetes mellitus (DM) increases, animal models of the disease's progression are required for researching effective treatment. The streptozotocin (STZ) treated rat is known to cause hyperglycaemia. This study confirms that this animal model also displays DM physiological effects in the animal heart rate (HR) and heart rate variability (HRV). In particular, 5 minutes of rat (n=13) electrocardiogram (ECG) is acquired hourly for 30 days. At day 10, the animal (n=7) is dosed with STZ and the ECG is analyzed in order to determine the HR and HRV. The HRV is indexed using two time-based analyses, based on long-term (24hr) and short-term (5min) analyses. All analyses are compared to control non-STZ dosed animals (n=6) and display significant DM effects. 

scholarly journals Meditation Practice Improves Short-Term Changes in Heart Rate Variability

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 2128 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kang-Ming Chang ◽  
Miao-Tien Wu Chueh ◽  
Yi-Jung Lai
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Physiological Parameters ◽  
The Other ◽  
Meditation Practice ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Background: It is well known that meditation improves the physical and psychological condition of its practitioners. This study investigated the heart rate variability response of meditation practitioners in two Chan master teaching environments, namely face-to-face and video classes. Methods: Experimental sessions were conducted, one featuring face-to-face classes and the other featuring video classes. The difference in participants’ physiological parameters (blood pressure and heart rate variability) between the two experimental sessions was determined. In the first session, physiological parameters were recorded twice, before and after one teaching course, and the second session took place one month after the first. The first and second sessions had 45 and 27 participants, respectively. Those involved in the first experiment had no experience with meditation, whereas participants in the second experiment had practiced meditation for an average of 9 years (range = 1 to 27 years). Both experiments were conducted once a week, with each session lasting 1.5 h. Results: For both experiments, both heart rate and heart rate variability by age significantly decreased after one teaching course. Conclusions: Chan meditation practitioners benefit from receiving both face-to-face and video class teaching from a Chan master.

scholarly journals Is Ultra-Short-Term Heart Rate Variability Valid in Non-static Conditions?

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin Woong Kim ◽  
Hyeon Seok Seok ◽  
Hangsik Shin
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Measurement Time ◽  
Exercise Recovery ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Hrv Analysis ◽  
Time Required ◽  
Static Conditions ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery

In mobile healthcare, heart rate variability (HRV) is increasingly being used in dynamic patient states. In this situation, shortening of the measurement time is required. This study aimed to validate ultra-short-term HRV in non-static conditions. We conducted electrocardiogram (ECG) measurements at rest, during exercise, and in the post-exercise recovery period in 30 subjects and analyzed ultra-short-term HRV in time and frequency domains by ECG in 10, 30, 60, 120, 180, and 240-s intervals, and compared the values to the 5-min HRV. For statistical analysis, null hypothesis testing, Cohen’s d statistics, Pearson’s correlation coefficient, and Bland-Altman analysis were used, with a statistical significance level of P &lt; 0.05. The feasibility of ultra-short-term HRV and the minimum time required for analysis showed differences in each condition and for each analysis method. If the strict criteria satisfying all the statistical methods were followed, the ultra-short-term HRV could be derived from a from 30 to 240-s length of ECG. However, at least 120 s was required in the post-exercise recovery or exercise conditions, and even ultra-short-term HRV was not measurable in some variables. In contrast, according to the lenient criteria needed to satisfy only one of the statistical criteria, the minimum time required for ultra-short-term HRV analysis was 10–60 s in the resting condition, 10–180 s in the exercise condition, and 10–120 s in the post-exercise recovery condition. In conclusion, the results of this study showed that a longer measurement time was required for ultra-short-term HRV analysis in dynamic conditions. This suggests that the existing ultra-short-term HRV research results derived from the static condition cannot applied to the non-static conditions of daily life and that a criterion specific to the non-static conditions are necessary.

scholarly journals Association of autonomic dysfunction and clozapine

2001 ◽  
Vol 179 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-171 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hagit Cohen ◽  
Uri Loewenthal ◽  
Michael Matar ◽  
Moshe Kotler
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Power Spectral Analysis ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Power Spectral ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Frequency Components ◽  
Heart Rate Analysis

BackgroundAntipsychotic medications cause a wide range of adverse effects and have been associated with sudden death in psychiatric patients.AimsTo supply power spectral analysis of heart rate variability as a tool to examine the arrythmogenic effects of neuroleptics.MethodHeart rate analysis was carried out in patients with schizophrenia on standard doses of neuroleptic monotherapy − 21 were on clozapine, 18 on haloperidol and 17 on olanzapine – and in 53 healthy subjects.ResultsPatients with schizophrenia on clozapine had significantly higher heart rate, lower heart rate variability and lower high-frequency and higher low-frequency components compared with patients on haloperidol or olanzapine and matched control subjects. Prolonged QTc intervals were more common in patients than controls.ConclusionsPatients treated with neuroleptic medications, especially clozapine, showed autonomic dysregulation and cardiac repolarisation changes. Physicians should be aware of this adverse reaction.

Short-Term Variation of the Fetal Heart Rate for Predicting Neonatal Acidosis in Preeclampsia

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eva Marie Aernout ◽  
Patrick Devos ◽  
Philippe Deruelle ◽  
Véronique Houfflin-Debarge ◽  
Damien Subtil
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Fetal Heart Rate ◽  
Fetal Heart ◽  
Maternity Hospital ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Rate Analysis ◽  
Term Variation ◽  
Level 3 ◽  
Heart Rate Analysis ◽  
Singleton Pregnancies

Introduction: The aim of this study was to measure the performance of short-term variation (STV) in predicting the onset of neonatal acidosis in fetuses at risk due to maternal preeclampsia. Material and Methods: This retrospective study examined data from a series of 159 women with singleton pregnancies, hospitalized for preeclampsia in a level 3 reference maternity hospital in northern France, with an STV measurement in the 24 h preceding cesarean delivery and a measurement of the newborn's arterial cord pH at birth. The main outcome was determined by a correlation between STV and neonatal pH. Results: The last computerized fetal heart rate analysis took place a mean of 7.9 ± 6.3 h before birth, and neonatal acidosis was diagnosed in 38 newborns (23.9%). Although STV and umbilical artery pH at birth were significantly correlated (ρ = 0.16, p < 0.05), the performance of STV in predicting neonatal acidosis was poor, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.63. The sensitivity reached only 50.0% and the specificity 71.9% at the best STV threshold for predicting acidosis. Conclusion: The performance of STV for screening for neonatal acidosis is poor in women with preeclampsia. The divergent results between studies are probably due to the variable intervals between STV measurement and birth.

scholarly journals Validation of the Polar RS800CX for assessing heart rate variability during rest, moderate cycling and post-exercise recovery

F1000Research ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 1501 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyriakos I. Tsitoglou ◽  
Yiannis Koutedakis ◽  
Petros C. Dinas
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Recurrence Plot ◽  
Maximal Heart Rate ◽  
Poincaré Plot ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Plot Analysis ◽  
Mean Differences ◽  
Post Exercise Recovery ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is an autonomic nervous system marker that provides reliable information for both disease prevention and diagnosis; it is also used in sport settings. We examined the validity of the Polar RS800CX heart rate monitor during rest, moderate cycling, and recovery in considering the total of 24 HRV indices. Method: A total of 32 healthy males (age=24.78±6.87 years, body mass index=24.48±3.13 kg/m2) completed a session comprised by three 20-minute time periods of resting, cycling at 60% of maximal heart rate, and recovery using a Polar RS800CX and an electrocardiogram (ECG) monitors. The HRV indices included time-domain, frequency-domain, Poincaré plot and recurrence plot. Bland–Altman plot analysis was used to estimate agreement between Polar RS800CX and ECG. Results: We detected significant associations (r>0.75, p<0.05) in all HRV indices, while five out of 24 HRV indices displayed significant mean differences (p<0.05) between Polar RS800CX and ECG during the resting period. However, for the exercise and recovery periods, we found significant mean differences (p<0.05) in 16/24 and 22/24 HRV indices between the two monitors, respectively. Conclusion: It is concluded that Polar RS800CX is a valid tool for monitoring HRV in individuals at resting conditions, but it displays inconsistency when used during exercise at 60% of maximal heart rate and recovery periods.

scholarly journals Multiscale Distribution Entropy Analysis of Short-Term Heart Rate Variability

Entropy ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 952 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dae-Young Lee ◽  
Young-Seok Choi
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Time Series ◽  
Heart Rate Variability ◽  
Coarse Grained ◽  
Multiscale Entropy ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Improved Stability ◽  
Moving Averaging ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

Electrocardiogram (ECG) signal has been commonly used to analyze the complexity of heart rate variability (HRV). For this, various entropy methods have been considerably of interest. The multiscale entropy (MSE) method, which makes use of the sample entropy (SampEn) calculation of coarse-grained time series, has attracted attention for analysis of HRV. However, the SampEn computation may fail to be defined when the length of a time series is not enough long. Recently, distribution entropy (DistEn) with improved stability for a short-term time series has been proposed. Here, we propose a novel multiscale DistEn (MDE) for analysis of the complexity of short-term HRV by utilizing a moving-averaging multiscale process and the DistEn computation of each moving-averaged time series. Thus, it provides an improved stability of entropy evaluation for short-term HRV extracted from ECG. To verify the performance of MDE, we employ the analysis of synthetic signals and confirm the superiority of MDE over MSE. Then, we evaluate the complexity of short-term HRV extracted from ECG signals of congestive heart failure (CHF) patients and healthy subjects. The experimental results exhibit that MDE is capable of quantifying the decreased complexity of HRV with aging and CHF disease with short-term HRV time series.

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