scholarly journals Ethics as attention to context: recommendations for the ethics of artificial intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Anais Resseguier ◽  
Rowena Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Practical Recommendations

This article shows that current ethics guidance documents and initiatives for artificial intelligence (AI) tend to be dominated by a principled approach to ethics. Although this brings value to the field, it also entails some risks, especially in relation to the abstraction of this form of ethics that makes it poorly equipped to engage with and address deep socio-political issues and the material impacts of AI. This is particularly problematic considering the risk for AI to further entrench already existing social inequalities and injustices and contribute to environmental damage. To respond to this challenge posed by AI ethics today, this article proposes to complement the existing principled approach with an approach to ethics as attention to context and relations. It does so by drawing from alternative ethical theories to the dominant principled one, especially the ethics of care or other feminist approaches to ethics. Related to this, it encourages the inclusion of social sciences and humanities in the development, deployment and use of AI, as well as in AI ethics discussions and initiatives. This article presents this proposal for an ethics as attention to context and formulates a series of practical recommendations to implement this proposal concretely.

scholarly journals Ethics as attention to context: recommendations for the ethics of artificial intelligence

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Anais Resseguier ◽  
Rowena Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Environmental Damage ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Practical Recommendations

This article shows that current ethics guidance documents and initiatives for artificial intelligence (AI) tend to be dominated by a principled approach to ethics. Although this brings value to the field, it also entails some risks, especially in relation to the abstraction of this form of ethics that makes it poorly equipped to engage with and address deep socio-political issues and the material impacts of AI. This is particularly problematic considering the risk for AI to further entrench already existing social inequalities and injustices and contribute to environmental damage. To respond to this challenge posed by AI ethics today, this article proposes to complement the existing principled approach with an approach to ethics as attention to context and relations. It does so by drawing from alternative ethical theories to the dominant principled one, especially the ethics of care or other feminist approaches to ethics. Related to this, it encourages the inclusion of social sciences and humanities in the development, deployment and use of AI, as well as in AI ethics discussions and initiatives. This article presents this proposal for an ethics as attention to context and formulates a series of practical recommendations to implement this proposal concretely.

scholarly journals The influences of religion on the Japanese conception of robots

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung Manh Ho
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Digital World ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Technological World ◽  
The Way

The studies on the Japanese conception of robots and artificial intelligence (AI) represent an example of the unexpected way cultural specificities influence people’s emotions, thoughts,and behaviors. In a digital world where rapid social and institutions innovation must occur to adapt to the speed of the cyberspace, it is imperative for social sciences and humanities researchers to pay close attention to how the undercurrents of cultures and religions might influence the way people interact with the technological world.

scholarly journals Artificial intelligence ethics guidelines for developers and users: clarifying their content and normative implications

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Ryan ◽  
Bernd Carsten Stahl
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Large Degree ◽  
Theoretical Understanding ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Action ◽  
Ai Ethics ◽  
Guidance Documents ◽  
Ethics Guidelines ◽  
Degree Of Convergence ◽  
Normative Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is clearly illustrate this convergence and the prescriptive recommendations that such documents entail. There is a significant amount of research into the ethical consequences of artificial intelligence (AI). This is reflected by many outputs across academia, policy and the media. Many of these outputs aim to provide guidance to particular stakeholder groups. It has recently been shown that there is a large degree of convergence in terms of the principles upon which these guidance documents are based. Despite this convergence, it is not always clear how these principles are to be translated into practice. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors move beyond the high-level ethical principles that are common across the AI ethics guidance literature and provide a description of the normative content that is covered by these principles. The outcome is a comprehensive compilation of normative requirements arising from existing guidance documents. This is not only required for a deeper theoretical understanding of AI ethics discussions but also for the creation of practical and implementable guidance for developers and users of AI. Findings In this paper, the authors therefore provide a detailed explanation of the normative implications of existing AI ethics guidelines but directed towards developers and organisational users of AI. The authors believe that the paper provides the most comprehensive account of ethical requirements in AI currently available, which is of interest not only to the research and policy communities engaged in the topic but also to the user communities that require guidance when developing or deploying AI systems. Originality/value The authors believe that they have managed to compile the most comprehensive document collecting existing guidance which can guide practical action but will hopefully also support the consolidation of the guidelines landscape. The authors’ findings should also be of academic interest and inspire philosophical research on the consistency and justification of the various normative statements that can be found in the literature.

scholarly journals Current political agenda of Russian sociological journals

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.A. Yadova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Sociology ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Political Issues ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Abstract Journal ◽  
Political Transformations ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Secondary Information

The paper analyses content on socio-political topics published in contemporary Russian sociological journals: “Sociological Studies”, “Sociological Journal”, “Siberian Socium” and “Social Sciences and Humanities. Domestic and Foreign Literature. Series 11. Sociology”. The publications that were the subject of our interest were predominantly under the heading of political sociology and/or in thematically similar sections. Among the most discussed topics in the pages of the journals are the following: the domestic political agenda, primarily related to the manifestation of protest and civic activism of Russians; the role of individual political actors or institutions (state, Russian President, elite, youth, etc) in the socio-political transformations in the country; problems and outcomes of post-Soviet transformations; foreign policy issues (confron- ∗ Yadova Maiya, Institute of information for social sciences of the Russian academy of sciences (Moscow, Russia), e-mail: [email protected] Political science (RU), 2021, N 4 305 tation between Russia and Western countries, threats to national security), sociopolitical structure of other world powers. A small proportion of the studies in this segment focus on new concepts and theoretical and methodological approaches in political sociology, or on socio-political phenomena that have not yet been sufficiently explored. The thematic repertoire of journals depends on their genre peculiarity. General sociology journals are characterised by coverage of a wide range of political issues. In the journal “Siberian Socium”, as expected, there is a prevalence of works with a regional focus, but there are also some more general works. Abstract journal “Sociology”, due to its specificity, is primarily represented by secondary information and analytical materials (abstracts, literature reviews, book reviews), which as a rule are based on foreign-language sources of scientific literature.

Radical Islamism as a Mode of Production

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-108
Author(s):  
Masdar Hilmy
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Current Theory ◽  
Production Theory ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Norms And Values ◽  
Dominant Structure ◽  
Political Economic ◽  
Theoretical Paradigms ◽  
Epistemological Basis ◽  
Mode Of Production

This article attempts to provide a breakthrough which I call mode of production theory. This theory will be employed to analyze the contemporary phenomenon of radical Islamism. The mode of production theory is meant to bridge the two clashing theoretical paradigms in social sciences and humanities, i.e., Weberian and Marxian. Despite its bridging nature, the paper argues that the two cannot be merged within one single thread. This is because each paradigm has its own epistemological basis which is irreconcilable to one another. Mostly adapted from Marx’s theory, the current theory of the mode of production covers five interrelated aspects, namely social, political, economic, cultural, and symbolic structures. If Marx’s mode of production theory heavily relies on a material and economic basis, the theory used in this paper accommodates cultural and symbolic structures that are Weberian in nature. Although the two paradigms can operate together, the strength of structure (Marxian) overpowers the strength of culture (Weberian). This paper further argues that such cultural-based aspects as ideology, norms, and values play as mobilizing factors under a big schematic dominant structure in the rise and development of the radical Islamist groups.

Moral Reasoning Among Croatian Students of Different Academic Orientations

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Andrea Tokić ◽  
Matilda Nikolić
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Nursing Students ◽  
Social Studies ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Law Students ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Humanities Students ◽  
Health Care Law

Previous studies demonstrated that different academic contexts could have different effects on moral development, i.e. in most cases formal education enhances moral reasoning, but sometime erodes it (for example for medical students). The aim of this study was to examine differences in moral reasoning among students of different academic disciplines (health care, law, social sciences and humanities). In research participated 386 students (Mage=23,12): 154 law students, 55 nursing students, 123 other social sciences students, a 53 humanities students. Participants took Test of Moral Reasoning (TMR) (Proroković, 2016) which measures index of moral reasoning (in range from 0 to 1), and idealistic orientations (humanistic and conservative). The results showed that there was no difference in the moral reasoning index among students of different academic orientations. Furthermore, students of different academic disciplines differed in the humanistic orientation in a way that students of social studies were more humanistically oriented than law students. Some of the possible explanations for the lack of differences with regard to academic orientations is that overall stimulating environment that college provides is perhaps more important for moral reasoning development than specific academic contexts. Findings of this study are consistent with the findings of some of the previous studies.

RETRACTION NOTE: Les structures des phrases dans les tracts du mai 1968

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 00047
Author(s):  
Nokiamy Sesena Tamba ◽  
Myrna Laksman-Huntley
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Public Domain ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Font Size ◽  
Analytical Error ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
Retracted Article ◽  
Du Mai ◽  
Web Archive ◽  
Digital Press

<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;">As of October 15, 2019, the following article is being retracted from the UGM Digital Press Social Sciences and Humanities series.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;"><span style="font-size: 1rem;">“Les structures des phrases dans les tracts du mai 1968” by Nokiamy Sesena Tamba and Myrna Laksman-Huntley, Social Sciences and Humanities Series Vol 3: 00033, Proceeding of Conférence internationale sur le français 2018, Joesana Tjahjani, Merry Andriani, Sajarwa, Wening Udasmoro (eds) DOI:&nbsp;</span><a href="https://doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.43306" target="_blank" style="background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255); font-size: 1rem;">https://doi.org/10.29037/digitalpress.43306</a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;">The original article is registered through this URL&nbsp;<a href="https://digitalpress.ugm.ac.id/article/306" target="_blank">https://digitalpress.ugm.ac.id/article/306</a></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;">as decided by authors and conference organizers on the basis of analytical error. It may encourage potential misleading circulation of information in the future.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;">On the following exchange of information with the publisher, it has been decided that the article will be retracted.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 24px;">The retracted article will remain in public domain, that is maintaining its appearance on UGM Digital Press web archive and the Conférence internationale sur le français 2018 printed version. However, it will receive a watermark to accentuate its retracted status.</p>

Women break down the barriers to the Vietnamese social sciences and humanities

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan-Hoang Vuong
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Middle Income Country ◽  
Women In Science ◽  
Income Country ◽  
The West ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Social Sciences And Humanities ◽  
The Social ◽  
Low And Middle Income

Valian rightly made a case for better recognition of women in science during the Nobel week in October 2018 (Valian, 2018). However, it seems most published views about gender inequality in Nature focused on the West. This correspondence shifts the focus to women in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC).

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