scholarly journals A hidden burden of neonatal illness? A cross-sectional study of all admissions aged less than one month across twelve Kenyan County hospitals

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Georgina A.V. Murphy ◽  
Vivian N. Nyakangi ◽  
David Gathara ◽  
Morris Ogero ◽  
Mike English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Admission Policies ◽  
Using Data

Background: Small and sick newborns need high quality specialised care within health facilities to address persistently high neonatal mortality in low-income settings, including Kenya. Methods: We examined neonatal admissions in 12 public-sector County (formerly District) hospitals in Kenya between November 2014 and November 2016. Using data abstracted from newborn unit (NBU) admission registers and paediatric ward (PW) medical records, we explore the magnitude and distribution of admissions. In addition, interviews with senior staff were conducted to understand admission policies for neonates in these facilities. Results: Of the total 80,666 paediatric admissions, 28,884 (35.8%) were aged ≤28 days old. 24,212 (83.8%) of neonates were admitted to organisationally distinct NBUs and 4,672 (16.2%) to general PWs, though the proportion admitted to NBUs varied substantially (range 59.9-99.0%) across hospitals, reflecting widely varying infrastructure and policies. Neonatal mortality was high in NBUs (12%) and PWs (11%), though varied widely across facilities, with documentation of outcomes poor for the NBUs. Conclusion: Improving quality of care on NBUs would affect almost a third of paediatric admissions in Kenya. However, comprehensive policies and strategies are needed to ensure sick neonates on general PWs also receive appropriate care.

scholarly journals A hidden burden of neonatal illness? A cross-sectional study of all admissions aged less than one month across twelve Kenyan County hospitals

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Georgina A.V. Murphy ◽  
Vivian N. Nyakangi ◽  
David Gathara ◽  
Morris Ogero ◽  
Mike English ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Mortality ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Appropriate Care ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Admission Policies ◽  
Using Data

Background: Small and sick newborns need high quality specialised care within health facilities to address persistently high neonatal mortality in low-income settings, including Kenya. Methods: We examined neonatal admissions in 12 public-sector County (formerly District) hospitals in Kenya between November 2014 and November 2016. Using data abstracted from newborn unit (NBU) admission registers and paediatric ward (PW) medical records, we explore the magnitude and distribution of admissions. In addition, interviews with senior staff were conducted to understand admission policies for newborns in these facilities. Results: Of the total 80,666 paediatric admissions, 28,884 (35.8%) were aged ≤28 days old. 24,212 (83.8%) of newborns were admitted to organisationally distinct NBU and 4,672 (16.2%) to general PW, though the proportion admitted to NBUs varied substantially (range 59.9-99.0%) across hospitals, reflecting widely varying infrastructure and policies. Neonatal mortality was high in NBU (12%) and PW (11%), though varied widely across facilities, with documentation of outcomes poor for the NBU. Conclusion: Improving quality of care on NBUs would affect almost a third of paediatric admissions in Kenya. However, comprehensive policies and strategies are needed to ensure sick newborns on general PWs also receive appropriate care.

scholarly journals PROFILE OF PATIENTS RECEIVING TOTAL KNEE ARTHROPLASTY: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (5) ◽  
pp. 202-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
MARCELO JOSÉ CORTEZ BEZERRA ◽  
IGOR MAGALHÃES BARBOSA ◽  
THALES GONÇALVES DE SOUSA ◽  
LARISSA MEIRELES FERNANDES ◽  
DIEGO LEONARDO MENEZES MAIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Records ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Lequesne Index ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Epidemiological Profile

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the epidemiological profile, presented deformities, associated comorbidities, and impact on quality of life in patients with knee osteoarthritis. This study was conducted in a philanthropic hospital in Fortaleza from 2014 to 2015. Methods: Data were collected from medical records, epidemiological forms, and by applying the Lequesne index questionnaire, which contains several questions related to pain, discomfort and functional limitation to assess the severity of symptoms. Results: Females were more prevalent (76.7%), as were patients over 65 years of age (61.6%) and non-whites (81.6%). As for comorbidities, 83.3% had hypertension and 31.7% had diabetes. Of the total, 76.5% cases were genu varum, and 23.5% genu valgum. According to the Lequesne index findings, 61.6% cases were “extremely severe,” and women had higher scores. Conclusion: Females were more prevalent and whites were less prevalent. The most frequent comorbidity was hypertension. Female and elderly patients have more severe disease according to Lequesne index score, and these findings were statistically significant. Level of Evidence II, Prospective Study.

scholarly journals Dietary Quality of Women of Reproductive Age in Low-Income Settings: A Cross-Sectional Study in Kyrgyzstan

Nutrients ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 289
Author(s):  
Aiperi Otunchieva ◽  
Jamila Smanalieva ◽  
Angelika Ploeger
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Vitamin B1 ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Dietary Quality ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Nutrient Adequacy

Dietary diversity and adequate nutrient intake are essential for conducting a healthy life. However, women in low-income settings often face difficulties in ensuring dietary quality. This research assessed relationships between the dietary diversity, nutrient adequacy, and socio-economic factors among women of reproductive age (WRA) in Kyrgyzstan. A cross-sectional study was undertaken in four locations, including two rural and two urban areas in the north and south of Kyrgyzstan. A survey with pre-coded and open-ended questions was employed during the interviews of 423 WRAs aged 18–49. Data collection was conducted in March–May 2021. The average value body mass index (BMI) of WRA was 24.2 ± 4.6 kg/m2. The dietary diversity score (DDS) was higher among rural women (common language effect size) cles = 0.67, adjusted p < 0.001) in the northern region (cles = 0.61, p < 0.05) who have cropland (cles = 0.60, p < 0.001) and a farm animal (cles = 0.60, p < 0.05). Mean nutrient adequacy ratio (NAR) was below 1 in most micronutrients, whereas thiamine, riboflavin, vitamins B6 and C, folic acid, calcium, and magnesium were even lower than 0.5. Women with a kitchen garden or a cropland had better NAR energy (cles = 0.57), NAR carbohydrate (cles = 0.60), NAR fiber (cles = 0.60), NAR vitamin B1 (cles = 0.53), and NAR folic acid (cles = 0.54). Respondents who receive remittances and a farm animal have better NARs for energy, carbohydrates, fiber, vitamin B1, folic acid, iron, zinc, and mean adequacy ratio for 16 nutrients (MAR 16) than those who do not. Education and income have a negative correlation with dietary quality. This study contributes to the limited literature on the quality of diets in Kyrgyzstan. Hidden hunger and undernutrition are a severe problem among WRA in low-income settings. Recommendations are including study programs in nutrition, teaching households farming practices, and raising awareness on adequate nutrition.

scholarly journals Odontogenic Infection and dental Pain negatively impact Schoolchildren’s Quality of Life.

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-44
Author(s):  
Renata Lamenha-Lins ◽  
Maria Cavalcanti-Campêlo ◽  
Cláudia Cavalcante-Silva ◽  
Kelly Rodrigues-Mota ◽  
Carlos Leão-Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Dental Pain ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Odontogenic Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Test

The aim of this study is to assess the prevalence of odontogenic infection in low-income Brazilian schoolchildren and evaluate its association with the subjective variables of oral health-related quality of life and dental pain. In this cross-sectional study, 230 schoolchildren aged eight to ten years old underwent a clinical oral survey in which the DMFT/dmft and PUFA/pufa indexes were measured. Afterward, children responded individually to the Child Perceptions Questionnaire (CPQ8-10) and self-reports of dental pain were collected. Data were statistically analyzed using MannWhitney or Kruskal-Wallis test with a post-test by Dunn's and Pearson correlation. Of the children evaluated, 42.6% had odontogenic infection and 80% reported experiencing dental pain. Children's age (p = 0.034) and past experience of dental pain (p < 0.002) were associated with odontogenic sepsis, in addition to impairment of their emotional well-being (p = 0.008), social welfare (p = 0.009) and overall impact on quality of life (p = 0.019). Toothache intensity (p < 0.001), frequency (p < 0.001) and duration (p < 0.001) were correlated to the overall impact on children's quality of life. The prevalence of odontogenic infection remains high among low-income Brazilian schoolchildren. Pediatric infection and its related pain induce not only various biological disorders but also impair children's self-perception of quality of life.

scholarly journals Readiness of public health facilities to provide quality maternal and newborn care across the state of Bihar, India: a cross-sectional study of district hospitals and primary health centres

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. e028370 ◽  
Author(s):  
Japneet Kaur ◽  
Samuel Richard Piers Franzen ◽  
Tom Newton-Lewis ◽  
Georgina Murphy
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Care ◽  
Quality Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Equipment And Supplies ◽  
Primary Health Centres ◽  
District Hospitals ◽  
Provide Quality Care

IntroductionPoor access to quality healthcare is one of the most important reasons of high maternal and neonatal mortality in India, particularly in poorer states like Bihar. India has implemented initiatives to promote institutional maternal deliveries. It is important to ensure that health facilities are adequately equipped and staffed to provide quality care for mothers and newborns.MethodsWe conducted a cross-sectional study of 190 primary health centres (PHCs) and 36 district hospitals (DHs) across all districts in Bihar to assess the readiness of facilities to provide quality maternal and neonatal care. Infrastructure, equipment and supplies and staffing were assessed using the WHO service availability and readiness assessment and Indian public health standard guidelines. Additionally, we used household survey data to assess the quality of care reported by mothers delivering at study facilities.ResultsPHCs and DHs were found to have 61% and 67% of the mandated structural components to provide maternal and neonatal care, on average, respectively. DHs were, on average, slightly better equipped in terms of infrastructure, equipment and supplies by comparison to PHCs. DHs were found to be inadequately prepared to provide neonatal care. Lack of recommended handwashing stations and bins at both DHs and PHCs suggested low levels of hygiene. Only half of the essential drugs were available in both DHs and PHCs. While no association was revealed between structural capacity and patient-reported quality of care, adequacy of staffing was positively associated with the quality of care in DHs.ConclusionExamining all DHs and a representative sample of PHCs in Bihar, this study revealed the gaps in structural components that need to be filled to provide quality care to mothers and newborns. Access to quality care is essential if progress in reducing maternal and neonatal mortality is to be achieved in this high-burden state.

scholarly journals Maternal post-traumatic stress and depression symptoms and outcomes after NICU discharge in a low-income sample: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kameelah Gateau ◽  
Ashley Song ◽  
Douglas L. Vanderbilt ◽  
Cynthia Gong ◽  
Philippe Friedlich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Traumatic Stress ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression Symptoms ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Traumatic

Abstract Background Having a preterm newborn and the experience of staying in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) has the potential to impact a mother’s mental health and overall quality of life. However, currently there are few studies that have examined the association of acute post-traumatic stress (PTS) and depression symptoms and infant and maternal outcomes in low-income populations. Design/ methods In a cross-sectional study, we examined adjusted associations between positive screens for PTS and depression using the Perinatal Post-traumatic stress Questionnaire (PPQ) and the Patient Health-Questionnaire 2 (PHQ-2) with outcomes using unconditional logistic and linear regression models. Results One hundred sixty-nine parents answered the questionnaire with 150 complete responses. The majority of our sample was Hispanic (68%), non-English speaking (67%) and reported an annual income of <$20,000 (58%). 33% of the participants had a positive PPQ screen and 34% a positive PHQ-2 screen. After adjusting for confounders, we identified that a positive PHQ-2 depression score was associated with a negative unit (95% CI) change on the infant’s Vineland Adaptive Behavior Scales, second edition of − 9.08 (− 15.6, − 2.6) (p < 0.01). There were no significant associations between maternal stress and depression scores and infant Bayley Scales of Infant Development III scores or re-hospitalizations or emergency room visits. However, positive PPQ and screening score were associated with a negative unit (95% CI) unit change on the maternal Multicultural Quality of Life Index score of − 8.1 (− 12, − 3.9)(p < 0.01) and − 7.7 (− 12, − 3) (p = 0.01) respectively. Conclusions More than one-third of the mothers in this sample screened positively for PTS and depression symptoms. Screening scores positive for stress and depression symptoms were associated with a negative change in some infant development scores and maternal quality of life scores. Thoughtful screening programs for maternal stress and depression symptoms should be instituted.

scholarly journals Pattern of Indirect Immunofluorescence Assay Antinuclear Antibody in Pediatric Lupus Nephritis

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 38-42
Author(s):  
Fadhila Novianti ◽  
Reni Ghrahani ◽  
Noormarina Indraswari
Keyword(s):  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Renal Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Immunofluorescence Assay ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Pediatric Lupus ◽  
Using Data

Objective: To determine the association between Anti-Nuclear Antibody (ANA) pattern in pediatric Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients and proteinuria as a sign of renal involvement in SLE. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study, using data from medical records involving 89 newly diagnosed with SLE (aged ≤ 18 years) in Department of Child Health Dr. Hasan Sadikin General Hospital, Bandung, from January 1st 2018 to June 30th 2019. Data of ANA pattern and proteinuria were collected from medical record. ANA pattern was examined by Immunofluorescence Assay (IFA) method. Chi-square was used to analyze the association between ANA pattern and proteinuria as a sign of renal involvement in pediatric SLE patients. Results: There were 89 patients, consisting of 7 male (7.9%) and 82 female (92.%) with median age of 14 (IQR=12-16). There were only 44 pattern of ANA as follow: homogenous 56.8%, speckled 36.4%, and nucleolar 6.8%. However, there is no significant association between homogenous pattern with proteinuria events (p=0.831). Conclusions: Homogenous pattern was the most frequent ANA pattern in children with SLE, and the pattern has no association with proteinuria events.

scholarly journals Oral Health Among Children with Haematological Malignancies in Syria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
MHD Bahaa Aldin Alhaffar ◽  
Khattab Mustafa ◽  
Samira Alsabbagh ◽  
Ola Alhaffar ◽  
Ameer Kakaje
Keyword(s):  
Oral Health ◽  
Medical Records ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cancer Type ◽  
Haematological Malignancies ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Paediatric Cancer ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Paediatric Hospital

Abstract Background:Since 2011, Syria has been facing a conflict that impacted all aspects of life. Haematological malignancies are mainly treated with chemotherapy which can further harm oral health. This study evaluates oral health of children with haematological malignancies and on chemotherapy in Syria.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study of (40) patients from the major paediatric hospital in Damascus. Decayed, Missing, Filled Teeth (DMFT) and Oral Assessment Guide (OAG) indices were used to evaluate oral health. Data about cancer was collected from medical records. Results: Patients aged between 3-14 years. Three types of paediatric cancer were included; acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) 52.2%, Hodgkin’s Lymphoma (HL) 27.5%, and Burkitt Lymphoma (BL) 20%. Average DMFT was (6.7 ± 3.2) and average OAG index was (10.8 ± 1.7). DMFT was significantly correlated with OAG (r=0.021). In patients undergoing chemotherapy, better DMFT and OAG indices were reported in males who had cancer for shorter periods, had higher frequency of toothbrushing, or/and were helped while toothbrushing. However, age and cancer type did not significantly affect DMFT and OAG.Conclusion: Children undergoing chemotherapy in Syria had worse oral health and pain compared to other children from the same age in similar studies. More attention should be given to these patients in order to improve their overall health and their quality of life especially during the ongoing conflict.

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