scholarly journals Võro demonstratives: changing or disappearing?

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-190
Author(s):  
Renate Pajusalu
Keyword(s):  
Public Broadcasting ◽  
The South ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
The Third ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
Demonstrative Pronouns ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Context Of Use ◽  
The Third Person

The paper deals with the changes occurring in the system of demonstratives and personal pronouns in the Võro language, the present-day variety of the South Estonian Võru dialect. In the Võro language the third person pronoun is timä/tä and there are three demonstrative pronouns (sjoo~seo, taa, and tuu) and three series of demonstrative adverbs (siin:siia:siit; taha:tan:tast; sinna:seal:sealt) are in use. The data for the study come from the newspaper Uma Leht (2012–2014) and mini-series produced by Estonian Public Broadcasting in 2011. The data show that the former addressee-centered system of South Estonian demonstratives has disappeared. At the same time, the language has retained all of the pronouns, although their frequency and context of use differs in the written and the spoken data.

scholarly journals Analysis Comparative of Chinese and Indonesia Pronouns

Humaniora ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Yi Ying
Keyword(s):  
Written Language ◽  
First Person ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
The Third ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
Language Communication ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The Third Person ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Personal pronouns in communication plays a significant role. Proper use of personal pronouns, communication can proceed smoothly. Misuse of personal pronouns, or failure of communication will be blocked, or even make the communication between two sides break up. Therefore, understanding the language of the two personal pronouns is very important. This study analyzes the Chinese and India and usage of the classification of personal pronouns. Conclusion of the study hope to promote cross-cultural language communication, in particular, help to learn Chinese or learn Bahasa Indonesia in different occasions to use the correct pronouns. The results: (1) Chinese and Bahasa first person pronoun "I" have in common is in the sentence can be a subject and attribute; (2) Bahasa first person pronoun "aku" can not be used in some situations such as: official occasions, and older than themselves, respect for people or strangers or people who speak; (3) Chinese third-person plural pronouns, written language, "they" said that men and women is not the same guy, same use of Bahasa Indonesia kami; (4) Bahasa Indonesia are changes in the form of personal pronouns, while the Chinese personal pronouns do not; (5) the third person pronoun to differentiate between Chinese men and women, and things, but Bahasa Indonesia is no difference between the third person pronoun gender and things; (6) Bahasa Indonesia the personal pronoun is not gender distinction. 

The Comparative Method, Internal Reconstruction, Areal Norms and the West Germanic Third Person Pronoun

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 410-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrick Stiles
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Method ◽  
The West ◽  
West Germanic ◽  
The Third ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
Anaphoric Pronoun ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The Third Person

The paradigms of the third person anaphoric pronoun in West Germanic show a split between Ingvæonic and non-Ingvæonic languages. The Ingvæonic dialects have numerous forms with initialh-, in contrast to non-Ingvæonic, where—corresponding toh-—vocalic ors-onsets are found. This divergence makes it difficult to envisage what the Proto-West Germanic set of forms looked like. The aim is to explore whether it is possible to reconstruct a common West Germanic paradigm from which both types developed. The answer turns out to be ‘yes’, thanks to the crucial evidence of Frisian. The article also rejects the view that Germanic attests the alleged Indo-European pronominal stem *syo-/*tyo-.

scholarly journals BENTUK DAN PENGGUNAAN PRONOMINA PERSONA BAGI MAHASISWA STKIP BANJARMASIN (THE FORM AND USE OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS BY STKIP STUDENT IN BANJARMASIN)

Kadera Bahasa ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Eka Suryatin
Keyword(s):  
Short Form ◽  
First Person ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Second Person ◽  
Person Plural ◽  
The Third ◽  
Full Form ◽  
Third Person ◽  
First Person Plural ◽  
The Third Person

This study discusses the forms and variations in the use of personal pronouns by STKIP students in Banjarmasin. The purpose of this study is to describe the forms and variations in the use personal pronouns by STKIP students in Banjarmasin. This research is a qualitative descriptive study. The data collection is obtained by observation techniques, see, and record. Research data are in the form the speech used by STKIP students in Banjarmasin, Department of PBSID (Local or Indonesian Language and Literature Education). The results show that the using personal pronouns are three forms, namely the first person, second person, and third person. Based on the type of reference personal pronoun used by STKIP students in Banjarmasin are singular and plural pronoun.When it is viewed from the morphological distribution, there are a full form and a short form. The short forms are usually used in proclitic (appears before its host) and also enclitic (appear after its host). Personal pronouns used by the students in their speech are varied. Although they are in Banjar, they do not only use personal pronouns in Banjar language, a part of the students use the first person singular pronoun gue ‘aku’. Personal pronouns in Banjar language used by the STKIP students in Banjarmasin are the first person singular pronoun, ulun, unda, sorang, saurang and aku. First person singular pronoun aku has some variations –ku and ku- that are bound morpheme. First person plural is kami and kita. The second person pronouns are pian, ikam, nyawa, and kamu. Meanwhile, the third person singular pronouns are Inya and Sidin. The third person plural pronoun is bubuhannya. The use of personal pronouns by STKIP students in Banjarmasin are dominantly consist of five speech components only that are based on the situation, the partner, the intent, the content of the message, and how the speaker tells the speech.

PEMARKAH KOHESI GRAMATIKAL DALAM CERITA “KOTA EMAS” KARYA I.S.KIJNE

2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 61
Author(s):  
Yosefina Baru
Keyword(s):  
Sand Beach ◽  
The Third ◽  
Marker Data ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
Third Person ◽  
The Third Person

<p>The main focus of this research is to describe and describe the types of grammatical cohesion pemarkah in the story of “Kota Emas” by I.S. Kijne. The source of this research comes from “In the Garden of Flowers”, “In Sand beach”, “Golden City”, “Expelled”, “Stone and Thorns”, “Mother Tom”, and “Where is Tom?”. A total of 184 grammatical cohesion marker data were encountered in the seven stories. There are three grammatical cohesion markers encountered, ie references / referers, ellipsis, and conjunctions. References / referers are references / referers of endoophores and exophors. The exsofora driver comprises the ecofora of the situation or condition and the first and second execution of the pronoun persona, the first pronomina persona, and the reference / reference of the third person pronoun; ellipsis or percolation; and conjunctions comprise conjunction additions or additives, contradictions, timing, consequences, terms, comparisons, sequences or sequences, and means.</p>

discursive pragmatic approach to the third person pronoun ta in Chinese computermediated communication

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry Sluchinski
Keyword(s):  
Computer Mediated Communication ◽  
Mediated Communication ◽  
The Third ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
Computer Mediated ◽  
Single Character ◽  
Persuasive Discourse ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Standard Chinese ◽  
The Third Person

This study examines the persuasive discourse of institutional accounts on Sina Weibo which contains the genderless non-standard third person pronoun ta written in the Roman alphabet instead of standard Chinese characters. Mandarin Chinese originally used the single character ? (ta) to refer to the third person ‘he', ‘she', and ‘it', which later gave way to three separate written ‘standard' forms: ta ? ‘he', ta ? ‘she', and ta ? ‘it' all with the same pronunciation. From a discourse analysis perspective, the study incorporates the ‘three-move structure' textual analysis methodology to shed light on both contemporary language use and one of the most under-studied interpersonal dialogic practices in Chinese computer-mediated communication: ta. The research shows that the environments in which ta appears are associated with two main goals: (1) generating monetary profit and (2) generating engagement with services/ideologies.

scholarly journals Some Observations on Demonstrative Pronouns in the Tarnovo Edition of the Stishen Prologue

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 9-19
Author(s):  
Aneta Tihova
Keyword(s):  
Fourteenth Century ◽  
Spoken Language ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
Demonstrative Pronouns ◽  
Third Person

The article successively examines the demonstrative pronouns for general display, for close people and objects, for distant people and objects and for enumerating, which have the function of the 3rd person forms of personal pronouns in the Tarnovo edition of the Stishen Prologue (a calendar hagiographic collection, translated in the first half of the fourteenth century). It is established that the semantics of the demonstrative forms is determined by the context: in a combination with a noun form they have an indicative meaning, and in a combination with a verb form they mean a third-person pronoun, for example, съи блажен!и which means този блаженият (“this blissful one”), съи бэше means той беше (“he was”). The use of the elongated forms for masculine тъи, for feminine тя, for the plural тие / тйе which later turn into he, she and they, as well as the presence of the new forms тои, characteristic of the spoken language, are historically significant.

scholarly journals Slavic Relative ČTO/CO: between Pronouns and Conjunctions

Slovene ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 74-91
Author(s):  
Philip R. Minlos
Keyword(s):  
Syntactic Category ◽  
Slavic Languages ◽  
The Third ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
Part Of Speech ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Third Person ◽  
Typological Approach ◽  
The Third Person

This paper presents the key points concerning Slavic relative constructions with a group of kindred invariable lexemes: Russian что, BCS što, Czech, Polish co, Slovak čo, and their cognates. These constructions are classified into two main types, depending on whether the third-person pronoun is used for marking the relative target. Across Slavic languages, the parameters governing the distribution between the two types are closely connected. The interpretation of these parameters (as well as their microvariation) is presented within the functional-typological approach. Syntactic category (part of speech) of the lexemes is discussed in diachronic perspective: in the more innovative construction with third-person pronoun, čto functions more as a complementizer; in the more conservative construction without the pronoun, čto retains some pronoun traits.

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