Novel Method for Producing Hypoallergenic Wheat Flour by Enzymatic Fragmentation of the Constituent Allergens and Its Application to Food Processing

The eznyme biosensor(EB) as a sort of biosensors are widely used analyse target substances from samples of medicine, environment and food processing in recent years. During the EB preparation, effective immobilization of enzyme is a key step related with the activity of enzyme and the lifetime of EB. In current research, a method to determine nonylphenol(NP) contents in the water samlples has been developed on the base of laccases cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide -carbon paste electrode. The experimental results showed that the EB developed in this optimized conditions, its minimum detectable limit could reach 0.2µg／L, and the recovery was in the range from 91% to 109% at the concentrations form 3.0×10-4 mol.L-1 to 5.0×10-6 mol.L-1. The sensor is perfect which is convenient, effective, and cheap and really can be used practice.

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Safety for Patients With Celiac Disease of Baked Goods Made of Wheat Flour Hydrolyzed During Food Processing

Clinical Gastroenterology and Hepatology ◽

10.1016/j.cgh.2010.09.025 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 24-29 ◽

Cited By ~ 69

Author(s):

Luigi Greco ◽

Marco Gobbetti ◽

Renata Auricchio ◽

Raffaella Di Mase ◽

Francesca Landolfo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Celiac Disease ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Food Processing ◽

Baked Goods

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A Molecular Approach for the Detection and Quantification of Tribolium castaneum (Herbst) Infestation in Stored Wheat Flour

Food Technology and Biotechnology ◽

10.17113/ftb.59.01.21.6902 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Aditi Negi ◽

Arunkumar Anandharaj ◽

Sureshkumar Kalakandan ◽

Meenatchi Rajamani

Keyword(s):

Foreign Trade ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Food Processing ◽

Management Practices ◽

Food Processing Industry ◽

Processing Industry ◽

Stored Wheat ◽

Processing Plants ◽

Food Commodities ◽

Detection And Quantification

Research background. The presence of insect fragments is one of the major constrains in stored food commodities and cause considerable loss in the quality of the produce. The management of the pest is viewed as a huge challenge in food processing industry. Conventionally, the detection of T. castenaum in the food processing industry is carried out by acid hydrolysis and staining methods which are not precise and time consuming. Experimental approach. Considering the importance of a quick and effective method, a qPCR-based approach was developed and elucidated in this study. The mitochondrial cytochrome oxidase I (mtCOI) gene was identified as a target due to the abundance in the pest. Specific primers were designed against the target gene by primer premier software and amplified in a qPCR. Results and conclusions. This developed method is capable of detecting all the ontogenic stages of T. castaneum in stored wheat flour. Earlier experiments had demonstrated that about 20 µg of DNA can be obtained from 2.2 mg of insects, to quantify the infestation levels the Ct values obtained from known samples were subjected to regression analysis and expressed as adult equivalents. In the unknown samples tested, the infestation was calculated as 1.74 and 0.046 adult insects in 5 g of wheat flour. The maximum permissible limit of insect fragments in flour is 75 insect fragments or approximately 3 adults per 50 g of flour as per FDA. Hence, by adopting this new method, it is possible for the warehouse operators to arrive at a decision to proceed with efficient management practices were wheat flour is stored. Also, this method can be ratified by government agencies associated with international business to ascertain whether the wheat flour meets the standards set by the respective country before subjecting to foreign trade. Novelty and scientific contribution. This study is the first of its kind in the detection and quantification for T. castaneum in milled products. So far only conventional methods are employed to assess the presence of the pest and manual counting of fragments are practiced to quantify the infestation levels. The developed qPCR method is faster, reliable and can be employed in milling industries, Bakery industries, food processing plants and foreign trade units for critical detection and quantification T. castaneum pest infestation.

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Distribution of Radioactive Cesium during Milling and Cooking of Contaminated Buckwheat

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-17-482 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 81 (6) ◽

pp. 881-885 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

MAYUMI HACHINOHE ◽

NAOTO NIHEI ◽

SHINICHI KAWAMOTO ◽

SHIOKA HAMAMATSU

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Food Processing ◽

Retention Factor ◽

Boiling Water ◽

Human Consumption ◽

Radioactive Cesium ◽

Processing Factor ◽

Standard Limit ◽

Food Processing Retention Factor ◽

Buckwheat Flour

ABSTRACT To clarify the behavior of radioactive cesium (Cs) in buckwheat grains during milling and cooking processes, parameters such as processing factor (Pf) and food processing retention factor (Fr) were evaluated in two lots of buckwheat grains, R1 and R2, with different concentrations of radioactive Cs. Three milling fractions, the husk, bran, and flour fractions, were obtained using a mill and electric sieve. The radioactive Cs (134Cs + 137Cs) concentrations in husk and bran were higher than that in grain, whereas the concentration in flour was lower than that in grain. Pf values for the flours of R1 and R2 were 0.60 and 0.80, respectively. Fr values for the flours of R1 and R2 were 0.28 and 0.53, respectively. Raw buckwheat noodles (soba) were prepared using a mixture of buckwheat flour and wheat flour according to the typical recipe and were cooked with boiling water for 0.5, 1, and 2 min, followed by rinsing with water. Pf values for the soba boiled for 2 min (optimal for eating) made with R1 and R2 were 0.34 and 0.40, respectively. Fr values for these R1 and R2 samples were 0.55 and 0.66, respectively. Pf and Fr values for soba boiled for different times for both R1 and R2 were less than 0.6 and 0.8, respectively. Thus, buckwheat flour and its product, soba, cooked by boiling, are considered acceptable for human consumption according to the standard limit for radioactive Cs in buckwheat grains.

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Highly Efficient Gluten Degradation by Lactobacilli and Fungal Proteases during Food Processing: New Perspectives for Celiac Disease

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.00260-07 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 73 (14) ◽

pp. 4499-4507 ◽

Cited By ~ 151

Author(s):

Carlo G. Rizzello ◽

Maria De Angelis ◽

Raffaella Di Cagno ◽

Alessandra Camarca ◽

Marco Silano ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mass Spectrometry ◽

Liquid Chromatography ◽

Celiac Disease ◽

Western Blot ◽

Electrospray Ionization ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Food Processing ◽

Time Of Flight ◽

Gamma Interferon ◽

Interferon Production

ABSTRACT Presently, the only effective treatment for celiac disease is a life-long gluten-free diet. In this work, we used a new mixture of selected sourdough lactobacilli and fungal proteases to eliminate the toxicity of wheat flour during long-time fermentation. Immunological (R5 antibody-based sandwich and competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay [ELISA] and R5 antibody-based Western blot), two-dimensional electrophoresis, and mass spectrometry (matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight, strong-cation-exchange-liquid chromatography/capillary liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-quadrupole-time of flight [SCX-LC/CapLC-ESI-Q-TOF], and high-pressure liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-ion trap mass spectrometry) analyses were used to determine the gluten concentration. Assays based on the proliferation of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and gamma interferon production by PBMCs and intestinal T-cell lines (iTCLs) from 12 celiac disease patients were used to determine the protein toxicity of the pepsin-trypsin digests from fermented wheat dough (sourdough). As determined by R5-based sandwich and competitive ELISAs, the residual concentration of gluten in sourdough was 12 ppm. Albumins, globulins, and gliadins were completely hydrolyzed, while ca. 20% of glutenins persisted. Low-molecular-weight epitopes were not detectable by SCX-LC/CapLC-ESI-Q-TOF mass spectrometry and R5-based Western blot analyses. The kinetics of the hydrolysis of the 33-mer by lactobacilli were highly efficient. All proteins extracted from sourdough activated PBMCs and induced gamma interferon production at levels comparable to the negative control. None of the iTCLs demonstrated immunoreactivity towards pepsin-trypsin digests. Bread making was standardized to show the suitability of the detoxified wheat flour. Food processing by selected sourdough lactobacilli and fungal proteases may be considered an efficient approach to eliminate gluten toxicity.

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Hyperspectral to multispectral imaging for detection of tree nuts and peanut traces in wheat flour

Journal of Spectral Imaging ◽

10.1255/jsi.2015.a2 ◽

2015 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Puneet Mishra ◽

Ana Herrero-Langreo ◽

Pilar Barreiro ◽

Jean Roger ◽

Belén Diezma ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Control ◽

Wheat Flour ◽

Food Processing ◽

Multispectral Imaging ◽

Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽

Line System ◽

Tree Nuts ◽

Tree Nut ◽

Substantial Risk ◽

Polymerase Chain

In current industrial environments there is an increasing need for practical and inexpensive quality control systems to detect the foreign food materials in powder food processing lines. This demand is especially important for the detection of product adulteration with traces of highly allergenic products, such as peanuts and tree nuts. Manufacturing industries dealing with the processing of multiple powder food products present a substantial risk for the contamination of powder foods with traces of tree nuts and other adulterants, which might result in unintentional ingestion of nuts by the sensitised population. Hence, the need for an in-line system to detect nut traces at the early stages of food manufacturing is of crucial importance. In this present work, a feasibility study of a spectral index for revealing adulteration of tree nut and peanut traces in wheat flour samples with hyperspectral images is reported. The main nuts responsible for allergenic reactions considered in this work were peanut, hazelnut and walnut. Enhanced contrast between nuts and wheat flour was obtained after the application of the index. Furthermore, the segmentation of these images by selecting different thresholds for different nut and flour mixtures allowed the identification of nut traces in the samples. Pixels identified as nuts were counted and compared with the actual percentage of peanut adulteration. As a result, the multispectral system was able to detect and provide good visualisation of tree nut and peanut trace levels down to 0.01% by weight. In this context, multispectral imaging could operate in conjuction with chemical procedures, such as Real Time Polymerase Chain Reaction and Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay to save time, money and skilled labour on product quality control. This approach could enable not only a few selected samples to be assessed but also to extensively incorporate quality control surveyance on product processing lines.

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Pilot scale production of a non-immunogenic soluble gluten by wheat flour transamidation with applications in food processing for celiac-susceptible people

Journal of Cereal Science ◽

10.1016/j.jcs.2020.103117 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 96 ◽

pp. 103117

Author(s):

Stefano Rossi ◽

Federica Capobianco ◽

Gianluca Sabatino ◽

Francesco Maurano ◽

Diomira Luongo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wheat Flour ◽

Food Processing ◽

Pilot Scale ◽

Scale Production ◽

Pilot Scale Production

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The removal and morphology of intact biofilms from implanted venous access devices

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100141470 ◽

1995 ◽

Vol 53 ◽

pp. 1020-1021

Author(s):

M.A. Gregory ◽

G.P. Hadley

Keyword(s):

Patient Selection ◽

Surgical Oncology ◽

Venous Access ◽

Common Procedure ◽

Indwelling Catheters ◽

Careful Patient ◽

Novel Method ◽

The Subject ◽

Vascular Catheters ◽

Venous Access Devices

The insertion of implanted venous access systems for children undergoing prolonged courses of chemotherapy has become a common procedure in pediatric surgical oncology. While not permanently implanted, the devices are expected to remain functional until cure of the primary disease is assured. Despite careful patient selection and standardised insertion and access techniques, some devices fail. The most commonly encountered problems are colonisation of the device with bacteria and catheter occlusion. Both of these difficulties relate to the development of a biofilm within the port and catheter. The morphology and evolution of biofilms in indwelling vascular catheters is the subject of ongoing investigation. To date, however, such investigations have been confined to the examination of fragments of biofilm scraped or sonicated from sections of catheter. This report describes a novel method for the extraction of intact biofilms from indwelling catheters.15 children with Wilm’s tumour and who had received venous implants were studied. Catheters were removed because of infection (n=6) or electively at the end of chemotherapy.

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