This paper focuses on mariner-ship interaction from the practical end of the design spectrum. Statistical data on marine collisions, rammings and groundings attribute a considerable percentage of marine casualties to poor ship controllability. A vessel's controllability is of a dichotomous nature, constrained not only by its inherent controllability characteristics, fixed by the naval architect, but also by the skill and the expertise of the shiphandler in initiating a conclusive control strategy. The results of an international survey of naval architects and shiphandlers are presented. The techniques of frequency distribution and factor analysis were used to identify the key ship controllability effectors. This survey highlights where improvements in terms of interface design can be made. The survey identifies the key controllability effectors of naval architects and ship-handlers for effective mariner-ship interaction. A case study is presented which identifies the applicability of part-task ship simulation to improve confidence levels in practical ship control. For effective mariner/ship interaction, the designers of ships must use the various codes of practice for a ship's bridge in order to improve the bridge as a control station, and marine licensing authorities have to realize the potential benefits that training with computerized ship simulation can bring the industry.
Compromise of Two-criteria Final Payoff of the Game Ship Control in Collision Situations