FEATURES OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW IN PATIENTS WITH MULTIPLE MYELOMA AT DIFFERENT STAGES OF TUMOR PROGRESSION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (61) ◽  
pp. 52-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Макарова ◽  
Natalya Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Tumor Progression ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Renal Hemodynamics ◽  
Renal Arteries ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Segmental Arteries

The features of renal hemodynamics in 90 patients with multiple myeloma (MM) at different stages of tumor progression have been studied. The signs of renal hemodynamics disorder by ultrasound Dopplermetry data are already revealed at the first stages of MM. In the I and IIA stages there were diagnosed the following changes: the increase in average blood flow velocity (Vave) at the level of the interlobular arteries (20%); the reduction of peak systolic velocity (Vmax) at the level of arteries arc (11.4%); the drop of Vmax (24.5%), of Vave (11%), of diastolic velocity (Vmin) by 26% on interlobular arteries; the decrease of Vmin (26%) on segmental and main renal arteries. There was also revealed an increase in the indices of vascular resistance index (IR by 11%, IP by 13%) and main renal arteries (IR by 12%, IP by 16%). Under disease progression in IIIA stage there was: the growth of Vmax (21.5%), Vave (24.9%), Vmin (42.7%) on interlobular arteries; the decrease of Vave (24.8%), Vmin (51.5%) on interlobular renal arteries. The decrease of IR on interlobular arteries (9%) and its increase at the level of segmental and main renal arteries (11%) were diagnosed. The biggest changes in the blood flow by Dopplermetry data were diagnosed in MM patients at chronic renal disease (IІ and IIIB stages): the reduction of speed indicators on interlobular arteries – Vmax (26%), Vave (42%), Vmin (44%); on arc arteries – Vmax (29%), Vave (21%), Vmin (38%); on interlobar arteries – Vmax (30%), Vave (39%), Vmin (46%); on segmental arteries – Vmax (17%), Vave (22%), Vmin (42%); on the main renal artery – Vmax (11%), Vmin (33%). An increase in the indices of vascular resistance was revealed: IR on interlobular arteries (11%), the arc arteries (12%), interlobular arteries (11%), segmental arteries (13%), the main renal arteries (11%); IP on interlobular arteries (13%), the arc arteries (12%), interlobular arteries (13%), segmental arteries (12%), the main renal arteries (12%). These parameters correspond to Doppler criteria of chronic renal insufficiency of compensated stage.

scholarly journals Determination of Testicular Blood Flow in Camelids Using Vascular Casting and Color Pulsed-Wave Doppler Ultrasonography

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michelle Kutzler ◽  
Reid Tyson ◽  
Monica Grimes ◽  
Karen Timm
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Doppler Ultrasonography ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Ventral Surface ◽  
Testicular Artery ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Testicular Blood Flow ◽  
Pulsed Wave Doppler

We describe the vasculature of the camelid testis using plastic casting. We also use color pulsed-wave Doppler ultrasonography to measure testicular blood flow and compare the differences between testicular blood flow in fertile and infertile camelids. The testicular artery originates from the ventral surface of the aorta, gives rise to an epididymal branch, and becomes very tortuous as it approaches the testis. Within the supratesticular arteries, peak systolic velocity (PSV) was higher in fertile males compared to infertile males (P=0.0004). In addition, end diastolic velocity (EDV) within the supratesticular arteries was higher for fertile males when compared to infertile males (P=0.0325). Within the marginal arteries, PSV was also higher in fertile males compared to infertile males (P=0.0104). However, EDV within the marginal arteries was not significantly different between fertile and infertile males (P=0.121). In addition, the resistance index was not significantly different between fertile and infertile males within the supratesticular (P=0.486) and marginal arteries (P=0.144). The significance of this research is that in addition to information obtained from a complete reproductive evaluation, a male camelid's fertility can be determined using testicular blood flow measured by Doppler ultrasonography.

scholarly journals Post-exercise pulsatility index indicates treatment effects in peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrej Udelnow ◽  
Maria Hawemann ◽  
Ivo Buschmann ◽  
Frank Meyer ◽  
Zuhir Halloul
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Treatment Effects ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Arterial Tree ◽  
Post Exercise ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Healthy Persons

Summary Background Hypothesis: Post-exercise measurements better discriminate PAOD-patients from healthy persons and they more sensitively detect hemodynamic improvements after treatment procedures than resting measurements. Methods A total of 19 healthy volunteers and 23 consecutive PAOD-patients underwent measurements of peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), minimal diastolic velocity (MDV), time-averaged maximum velocities (TAMAX), resistance index (RI) and pulsatility index (PI) before and after a standard exercise test (at 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 min) before and after treatment (incl. epidemiological data, PAOD risk factors and comorbidities). Results In resting values, healthy persons and PAOD-patients did not differ significantly in any of the hemodynamic parameters. PSV increased after treatment in PAOD-patients by 5 cm/s (paired t‑test, p: 0.025); however, when the amplitude of autoregulatory changes related to the resting values were calculated, PAOD-patients showed clearly less hemodynamic changes after exercise than healthy persons (p: 0.04; 0.002; <0.001 for PSV, TAMAX and PI, resp.). The time course after exercise was compared by repeated measures of ANOVA. Healthy persons differed significantly in PI, RI and PSV from PAOD patients before and after treatment (p<0.001 each). The PAOD-patients revealed a significantly improved PI after treatment (p: 0.042). The only factor contributing significantly to PI independently from grouping was direct arterial vascularization as compared to discontinuous effects by an obstructed arterial tree. Conclusion Healthy persons cannot be well differentiated from PAOD-patients solely by hemodynamics at rest but by characteristic changes after standard exercise. Treatment effects are reflected by higher PI-values after exercise.

Comparison of Uterine Artery Blood Flow Parameters in Women with Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding, Fibroids and Healthy Controls

BMUS Bulletin ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalpani P Lakhani ◽  
Paul Hardiman
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Ultrasound Examination ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Prospective Clinical Study ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Dysfunctional Uterine Bleeding ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective To assess uterine vascular resistance in women with dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) and to compare parameters of blood flow in women with menorrhagia due to uterine fibroids and healthy controls Design Longitudinal, prospective clinical study. Materials and methods Premenopausal women referred to the gynaecology department with a subjective complaint of menorrhagia. The subjects were 24 women with DUB (mean age 38.8 years; normal ultrasound, hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy), 16 women (mean age 42.8 years) with at least one fibroid greater than 2.0cm on ultrasound examination and 18 healthy controls (mean age 37.3 years; no evidence of menstrual irregularity). None was taking any hormonal contraception or other medication which could influence vascular resistance. Ultrasound examination was performed using an ALOKA SSD 650 with a 5MHz transvaginal probe. Scans were performed on day 4 or 5 of menstrual cycle using pulsed Doppler ultrasound. Uterine vascular resistance was assessed on both sides using pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI). Results No significant difference in the PI or RI values was observed in women with DUB as compared to age matched healthy controls. Both PI and RI were significantly lower in women with menorrhagia associated with fibroids when compared with healthy controls. Conclusions The results of this study demonstrated significant alteration in uterine vascular resistance in women with fibroids compared to women with DUB.

195 Are the Spectral Doppler Indices of the Ovarian Arteries Predictive of Ovulatory Responses and Embryo Yields in Superovulated Ewes?

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 238
Author(s):  
M. E. F. Oliveira ◽  
Y. Tarasevych ◽  
W. R. R. Vicente ◽  
P. M. Bartlewski
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Embryo Viability ◽  
Mean Velocity ◽  
Ovarian Artery ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Spectral Doppler ◽  
Left And Right ◽  
Doppler Indices

Increased uterine and ovarian blood flow seems to be related to the effectiveness of ovarian response to hormonal superstimulation in mares (Witt et al. 2012 Theriogenology 77, 1406-1414). Similar studies do not exist for sheep. Nineteen Santa Inês ewes were subjected to a 9-day CIDR® priming and superovulatory (SOV) treatment with 200 mg of porcine (p)FSH per ewe given twice daily for 4 consecutive days in decreasing doses and initiated 6 days after CIDR® insertion. Ten ewes received an IM injection of oestradiol benzoate (EB, 350 μg) at the time of CIDR® insertion (group E); the remaining animals served as controls (group C). The ewes were placed in a pen with rams for 3 days after CIDR® removal. The embryos were recovered surgically 6 days after the CIDR® removal. Transrectal ultrasonographic examinations (Doppler mode) using MyLab VET 30 scanner (Esaote, Genoa, Italy) equipped with a linear-array (6- to 8-MHz) transducer were performed once a day throughout the SOV treatment (Days 1 to 4) to determine the velocimetric indices of the left and right ovarian arteries: flow velocity integral (FVI); peak systolic velocity (SVp); mean velocity (Vm); end-diastolic velocity (EDV); vascular resistance index [RI = (SVp – EDV)/SVp]; and pulsatility index [PI = (SVp – EDV)/Vm]. All spectral data were obtained from a longitudinal subovarian segment of the ovarian artery using a gate ranging from 2 to 3 mm (~two-thirds of the vessel’s diameter) and insonation angle ≤60°. There were no differences (P > 0.05) in ovarian responses and embryo yields/quality between left and right ovaries/uterine horns flashed or between EB-treated and control ewes. Mean EDV and Vm were greater (P < 0.05) in group C compared with group E on Days 1 and 2, and mean Vp was greater (P < 0.05) in group C ewes on Day 3 of the SOV treatment. In group E, there were 5 significant correlations between the spectral Doppler indices (RI, PI, and EDV) of the ovarian arteries recorded on Days 2 and 4 and SOV responses (numbers of degenerated embryos, unfertilized eggs, and luteinized unovulated follicles characterised by a lack of ovulatory stigmata). In group C, 7 significant correlations were found between Vp, EDV, Vm, and RI on Days 1, 2, and 3 and numbers/percentages of degenerated embryos, numbers of prematurely regressed luteal structures (pale, ≤5 mm in diameter), and embryo viability rates (percentage of transferrable quality embryos). When ultrasonographic and SOV data were analysed separately for the left and right ovarian artery/uterine horn, multiple significant correlations were found between the velocimetric indices and SOV responses but they varied among days, the 2 ovaries, and the 2 groups of animals studied. These results may be interpreted to suggest that intrinsic gonadal factors remain a significant barrier precluding the prediction of SOV outcomes from haemodynamic changes in ovine ovarian arteries. Velocimetric indices determined in the ovarian arteries appear to have limited prognostic value during the application of different SOV protocols in ewes.

scholarly journals 298 Effects of parity on late gestational uterine blood flow and hemodynamics in beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 137-138
Author(s):  
Allison M Meyer ◽  
Natalie B Duncan ◽  
Katy S Stoecklein ◽  
Emma L Stephenson
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Birth Weight ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Uterine Artery ◽  
Color Doppler ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Late Gestation ◽  
Artery Blood Flow ◽  
Diastolic Velocity

Abstract To determine parity effects on late gestational uteroplacental blood flow, uterine artery hemodynamics were measured in 13 primiparous and 11 multiparous (parity 3 and 4) non-lactating, fall-calving crossbred females beginning 109 d prepartum. Females were nutritionally managed as one group to meet or exceed nutrient requirements. Transrectal color Doppler ultrasonography of the both uterine arteries was conducted 3 to 6 times per female across late gestation, ending at approximately 20 d prepartum. Data were analyzed with parity (primiparous vs. multiparous), day prior to calving, and their interaction in the model; day was a repeated effect. Dam BW was greater (P &lt; 0.001) for multiparous than primiparous females, and increased (P = 0.004) as gestation progressed. Calf birth weight was unaffected (P = 0.87) by parity. The parity x day interaction tended to affect (P = 0.06) ipsilateral uterine artery blood flow (L/min), where multiparous cows had a greater increase per day. Total and contralateral uterine artery blood flow were unaffected (P ≥ 0.11) by parity, but increased (P &lt; 0.001) with day of gestation. When expressed relative to dam BW, total and contralateral blood flow were greater (P ≤ 0.04) in primiparous than multiparous females; ipsilateral blood flow was unaffected (P ≥ 0.13) by parity, however. Ipsilateral pulsatility index and both resistance indices were unaffected (P ≥ 0.28) by parity and day, but day tended to affect (P = 0.07) contralateral pulsatility index. Parity did not affect (P ≥ 0.11) cross-sectional area, mean velocity, peak systolic velocity, and end diastolic velocity of either uterine artery, but all increased (P &lt; 0.001) as gestation progressed. Heart rate was greater (P = 0.03) in primiparous than multiparous females. Data suggest that uterine artery blood flow and heart rate may be altered in primiparous females, even when birth weight is unaffected by parity.

Femoral Artery Blood Flow in Infants and Children

2005 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Kröger ◽  
J. Nettelrodt ◽  
C. Müntjes ◽  
U. Neudorf ◽  
A. Feuersenger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Confidence Intervals ◽  
Femoral Artery ◽  
Pulsatility Index ◽  
Average Velocity ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Infants And Children ◽  
P Value ◽  
In Infants And Children

Background We measured Doppler parameter of common femoral artery (CFA) blood flow in infants and children and investigated how far these parameters change with age, height, weight, body mass index (BMI), and body surface area (BSA). Material and Methods CFA was investigated in 97 infants and children (43 females, 54 males, ages ranged from 0.13 to 220 months) on both sides in a supine position after 5 min rest using a 7.5-MHz linear transducer (Type Elegra, Siemens, Germany) 1 cm proximal to the femoral bifurcation. Peak systolic velocity, end-diastolic velocity, blood flow volume, mean average velocity, resistance index, and pulsatility index were measured. Results Theoretically, Doppler parameters could change with age, height, weight, BMI, and BSA. Because age, weight, height, and BSA were highly correlated (Spearman correlation coefficient > 0.90) only one of these variables could be included in a regression model. Only diameter and flow velocity (FV) correlated with age and height. Peak systolic velocity, mean average velocity, pulsatility index, and resistance index did not. Correlation between BMI and age and BMI and height was small. A regression model for the natural logarithm of FV was estimated: ln(FV) = −5.853 + 0.021 height + 0.049 BMI (R2 = 0.73, p < 0.0001 of height, p value of BMI: 0.028; p value of intercept: < 0.0001). The 95% confidence intervals were: −6.470 to −5.237 for the intercept, 0.006 to 0.093 for BMI, and 0.017 to 0.025 for height. Predicted FV and their 95% confidence intervals were calculated. The upper confidence limits were 8–10 times that of the lower ones. Conclusion Only FV showed height- and BMI-dependent changes in growing children. Prediction of FV in individual arteries was possible, but with a large range.

Ovarian stromal blood flow changes after laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD) in women with polycystic ovary s)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Alya kareem Mohammad
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Polycystic Ovary ◽  
Power Doppler ◽  
Resistance Index ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Laparoscopic Ovarian Drilling ◽  
Ovarian Drilling ◽  
Ovarian Diathermy ◽  
Laparoscopic Ovarian Diathermy

Is to compare the changes in the ovarian stromal blood flow & some hormonal profile (LH,T,FSH & LH/FSH ratio) after laparoscopic ovarian diathermy in women with PCOS. In the ovarian stromal blood flow with serum concentrations of follicle stimulating hormones, luteinizing hormone and testosterone were measured at early follicular phase of menstrual cycle before and first cycle after laparoscopic ovarian diathermy. The ovulation was also evaluated by folliculometry at the first menstrual cycle after operation.After laparoscopic ovarian drilling, there was statistically significant reduction in ovarian stromal blood flow (peak systolic velocity significantly decreased,while resistance index and pulsatiltyindex significantly increased) as well as serum levels of testosterone,luteinizing hormones and LH/ FSH ratio all significantly decreased. These changes were significantly more in those who ovulated after laparoscopic ovarian diathermy. The measurement of ovarian stromal blood flow by 2D power Doppler for women with anovulatory polycystic ovary syndrome undergoing laparoscopic ovarian drilling may provide a useful tool in evaluating the outcome of laparoscopic ovarian diathermy.

COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS OF RENAL BLOOD FLOW IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC RENAL FAILURE DEVELOPED AS A RESULT OF MYELOMA NEPHROPATHY AND IN PRIMARY NEPHROLOGY PATHOLOGY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (62) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Наталья Макарова ◽  
Natalya Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Myeloma ◽  
Renal Failure ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Chronic Renal Failure ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Renal Blood Flow ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Mean Flow ◽  
Myeloma Nephropathy

A comparative analysis of the indicators of renal hemodynamics in patients with chronic renal failure/chronic kidney disease (CRF/CKD) developed against myeloma nephropathy (group 1) and with primary kidney disease (group 2) was done. 20 patients were included in the first group, 14 patients were in the second one, and in most cases there was Stage 3 CRF/CKD. There were analyzed the following indicators of renal blood flow: peak systolic velocity, end diastolic velocity, mean flow velocity throughout the entire cardiac cycle, resistive index and pulsation index. Circulation figures were recorded at the level of basic, segmental, interlobar, arc, interlobular renal arteries. It is concluded that violations of renal blood flow and vascular resistance in patients with multiple myeloma complicated by chronic renal failure are primarily due to CKD itself. The differences in the two groups of patients with CRF/CKD were only about the average level in the parenchymal blood flow velocity (interlobular, arcuate, interlobar arteries); at myeloma nephropathy it was significantly reduced in comparison with the control group and patients with CRF/CKD without hemoblastosis. The rest velocity parameters were significantly reduced and vascular resistance indices were increased in comparison with the control and did not differ in groups of patients with CRF/CKD. Thus, hemodynamic changes at the level of parenchyma are the most important for patients with multiple myeloma, which suggests more severe violations of kidneys in these patients with the complication of CRF.

Influence of Smoking Cigarettes on Cerebral Blood Flow Parameters

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kochanowicz ◽  
Jolanta Lewko ◽  
Robert Rutkowski ◽  
Grzegorz Turek ◽  
Andrzej Sieskiewicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Artery ◽  
Blood Flow Velocity ◽  
Cerebral Arteries ◽  
Velocity Ratio ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Flow Parameters ◽  
Diastolic Velocity ◽  
Increased Risk

Introduction: While chronic cigarette smoking can lead to increased risk of stroke, the acute effects of smoking have not been established. We studied the changes in blood flow parameters in the major cerebral arteries caused by smoking one cigarette. Method: Using transcranial color-coded sonography (TCCS), we studied the anterior cerebral artery (ACA), middle cerebral artery (MCA), posterior cerebral artery (PCA), and the internal carotid artery (ICA) of 36 healthy male volunteers before and after they smoked one cigarette. Results: Blood flow velocity increased to a different degree in all but one of the arteries examined after participants smoked a single cigarette: The end diastolic velocity increased significantly by 7.8% in the PCA, 8% in the ACA, and 14.4% in the MCA. The peak systolic velocity increased significantly by 7.5% in the MCA. Blood flow velocity remained unchanged in the ICA only. Blood pressure and heart rate increased as did the flow velocity ratio for the MCA/ICA. The pulsatility index decreased after smoking from 0.92 ± 0.13 to 0.87 ± 0.14 in the MCA, 0.93 ± 0.15 to 0.87 ± 0.13 in the ACA, and 0.95 ± 0.17 to 0.89 ± 0.16 in the PCA. Conclusions: The results suggest that the direct effect of smoking on cerebral circulation includes peripheral vasodilatation with possible constriction of the main trunk of the basal cerebral arteries.

scholarly journals The End-Diastolic Velocity of Thyroid Arteries Is Strongly Correlated with the Peak Systolic Velocity and Gland Volume in Patients with Autoimmune Thyroiditis

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Danilo Bianchini Höfling ◽  
Suemi Marui ◽  
Carlos Alberto Buchpiguel ◽  
Giovanni Guido Cerri ◽  
Maria Cristina Chammas
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Autoimmune Thyroiditis ◽  
Flow Resistance ◽  
Doppler Sonography ◽  
Peak Systolic Velocity ◽  
Thyroid Volume ◽  
Thyroid Peroxidase ◽  
Peripheral Blood Flow ◽  
Free T4 ◽  
Diastolic Velocity

Background. The end-diastolic velocity (EDV) of thyroid arteries reflects peripheral blood flow resistance.Objective. The aim was to evaluate EDV correlations with other Doppler sonography parameters and with clinical and biochemical variables in a sample of patients with hypothyroidism caused by chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (CAT).Methods. A sample of 48 CAT hypothyroid patients receiving treatment with stable doses of levothyroxine was selected. The participants underwent clinical evaluation and measurement of serum thyrotropin (TSH), total triiodothyronine (T3), total thyroxine (T4), free T4, thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPO), and antithyroglobulin antibodies (anti-Tg) and Doppler sonography.Results. The EDV of the inferior thyroid arteries (ITA-EDV) was strongly and positively correlated with the peak systolic velocity of the inferior thyroid arteries (ITA-PSV,r=0.919), thyroid volume (r=0.711), and thyroid visual vascularization pattern (TVP,r=0.687). There was no correlation between ITA-EDV and the clinical variables, hormones, anti-TPO, or anti-Tg.Conclusion. The strong correlation of ITA-EDV with ITA-PSV, TVP, and volume suggests that increased vascularization in CAT may be associated with a reduction in thyroid blood flow resistance, possibly due to an angiogenesis-induced increase in the total vascular cross-sectional area of the parenchyma.

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