English oak and phyllophagous insects as the object of studies on biocenotic relationships in the forest ecosystem of the Tellerman oak forest

Our long-term observations in the Tellerman oak forest (Voronezh region) have shown that in recent decades due to climate change there have been significant changes in population dynamics of many phyl-lophagous insects. It is established that the growth processes of absorbing mycorrhizal roots of oak are closely related to the state of foliage in the crown of a tree and actively respond to its loss, and this response varies among trees of different classes of growth and depends on the intensity and replications of defoliations.

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Distribution and Abundance of Double-crested Cormorants Nesting in the Interior of California, 2009–2012

Western Birds ◽

10.21199/wb51.4.1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 51 (4) ◽

pp. 270-292

Author(s):

W. David Shuford ◽

Kathy C. Molina ◽

John P. Kelly ◽

T. Emiko Condeso ◽

Daniel S. Cooper ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Sonoran Desert ◽

Central Valley ◽

The State ◽

Salton Sea ◽

Limited Data ◽

Long Term Effects ◽

Human Needs ◽

Large Fluctuations

As part of an 11-state inventory, we censused the Double-crested Cormorant (Phalacrocorax auritus) in the interior of California from 2009 to 2012, using a combination of aerial, ground, and boat surveys. An estimated 8791 pairs breeding in the interior of the state in 2009–2012 exceeded the 7170 pairs estimated in 1998–1999. In both periods, cormorants were breeding in 9 of 11 ecoregions, but three-fourths were at one site—Mullet Island at the Salton Sea in the Sonoran Desert ecoregion (abandoned in 2014). The ecoregions with the next highest proportions were the Sacramento Valley, San Joaquin Valley, and Modoc Plateau. The apparent increase in numbers and colony sites since 1999—consistent with the pattern through much of western North America—reflects the (short-lived) increase in numbers at the Salton Sea, an increasing number of colonies and breeding pairs in the Central Valley, and slightly better coverage on the recent surveys. Because of practical survey constraints and limited data to date, evidence of change in numbers of Doublecrested Cormorants breeding in the interior of California between 1998–1999 and 2009–2012 is inconclusive. Plans for monitoring will need to take into account the effects of substantial annual variation in numbers, which may be associated with large fluctuations in cormorants’ prey base, short-term cycles of drought and flood, shifts of nesting cormorants into or out of the interior of California, and the expectation of greater environmental fluctuations with continuing climate change. The factors most likely to limit the number of cormorants breeding in the interior of the state are habitat loss or alteration (particularly from reallocation of water for human needs), disease, human disturbance, and the long-term effects of climate change.

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Climate Change in the Western Balkans and Eu Green Deal – Coherence, Challenges, and Perspective

10.21203/rs.3.rs-829240/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sandi Knez ◽

Snežana Štrbac ◽

Iztok Podbregar

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

The State ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

The European Union ◽

Western Balkans ◽

Net Zero ◽

Average Annual Temperature ◽

Level Of Economic Development ◽

The Eu

Abstract Background: The European Commission (EC), based on the European Green Deal (2019) and the Recovery plan for Europe (2021) envisages investing 30% of the budget in climate-related programs, projects, and initiatives, which clearly shows Europe's commitment to becoming the first climate-neutral region by 2050. Activities are also planned for countries that are not members of the European Union (EU), which requires complex changes in the field of legislation, strategic planning, implementation, and monitoring. To successfully plan short-term and long-term activities on these grounds, it is necessary to have a realistic picture of the state of climate change in each country - as they spill over into the entire region of Europe. The main objective of this paper is to present the state of climate change in six Western Balkans countries, of which only Croatia is a member of the EU, for the needs of planning activities and initial harmonization with the EU plan to reaching net-zero greenhouse gas emissions (GHG) by 2050. Results: The main results of the research show that in all countries of the region, the average annual temperature increased by 1.2 °C compared to 1970, with stabilization and the beginning of the decline which can be expected around 2040. The main reasons for climate change in the region are: industry, energy, and heating sector based on coal exploitation, low energy efficiency, etc. Conclusions: It can be concluded that all countries of the Western Balkans have adopted (or are in the process of adopting) the necessary regulations and strategies towards climate change mitigation, but the implementation of specific activities is at a low level. The reasons for this most often lies in the insufficient commitment of decision-makers to make significant changes in the field of climate change transition (lower level of economic development, lack of investment, preservation of social peace). Finally, the paper provides an overview of climate change by country, scenario analysis, and policy recommendations.

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Dampening prey cycle overrides the impact of climate change on predator population dynamics: a long‐term demographic study on tawny owls

Global Change Biology ◽

10.1111/gcb.12546 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 20 (6) ◽

pp. 1770-1781 ◽

Cited By ~ 29

Author(s):

Alexandre Millon ◽

Steve J. Petty ◽

Brian Little ◽

Olivier Gimenez ◽

Thomas Cornulier ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Population Dynamics ◽

Predator Population ◽

Impact Of Climate Change ◽

Demographic Study ◽

The Impact

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MECANISMO DE DESENVOLVIMENTO LIMPO (MDL) NO ESTADO DO MARANHÃO: POTENCIAL DA MATRIZ ELÉTRICA PARA NEGÓCIOS NO MERCADO DE CARBONO

Revista Eletrônica de Gestão e Tecnologias Ambientais ◽

10.9771/gesta.v8i1.34852 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (1) ◽

pp. 118

Author(s):

Carlos Alberto Lima Melo Junior ◽

Teresa Cristina Rodrigues Dos Santos Franco ◽

Jaiver Efren Jaimes Figueroa

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

United Nations ◽

Clean Development Mechanism ◽

Wind Farms ◽

Paris Agreement ◽

The State ◽

Ghg Emission ◽

Carbon Dioxide Equivalent ◽

Development Mechanism

As Nações Unidas, desde 1972, vêm buscando solucionar o problema da mudança climática no planeta. Mais recentemente, em 2015, durante o “Acordo de Paris”, foram definidos objetivos de longo prazo para limitar as emissões de Gases do Efeito Estufa (GEEs). Para auxiliar os países integrantes da Convenção Quadro das Nações Unidas sobre Mudança do Clima (UNFCCC) no cumprimento dessas metas, foi criado o Mecanismo de Desenvolvimento Limpo (MDL). No trabalho apresentado, utilizou-se a chamada ACM0002, ferramenta do MDL, para estimar as reduções de emissões de GEEs oportunizados por usinas eólicas que fazem parte da matriz elétrica Maranhense, bem como o potencial ainda a ser explorado com o crecimento da matriz até 2027. O valor estimado dessas reduções de emissões foi de 6,20 milhões de toneladas de dióxido de carbono equivalente. O estudo contribuiu com dados relevantes para o setor energético renovável, bem como para a gestão ambiental regional. Poderá, ainda, auxiliar na implementação de novos projetos MDL no Estado do Maranhão. CLEAN DEVELOPMENT MECHANISM (CDM) IN THE STATE OF MARANHÃO: POTENTIAL OF THE ELECTRIC MATRIX FOR BUSINESS IN THE CARBON MARKETABSTRACTAs a United Nations since 1972, it has been seeking to solve the problem of climate change on the planet. More recently, in 2015, during the “Paris Agreement”, long-term goals to limit green house gas (GHG) restrictions were considered. To assist the member countries of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) without meeting these goals, the Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) was created. In the work presented, the so-called ACM0002, a CDM tool, was used to estimate the GHG emission reductions provided by wind farms that are part of the Maranhense electrical matrix, as well as the potential yet to be explored with the matrix's growth until 2027. The estimated value of these use reductions was 6.20 million tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. The study contributed relevant data for the renewable energy sector as well as for regional environmental management. It also assisted in the implementation of new CDM projects in the state of Maranhão.

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