Romance Languages in Sub-Saharan Africa and Postcolonial Literary Discourse

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Сапрыкина ◽  
Olga Saprykina ◽  
Найденова ◽  
Natal'ya Naydenova
Keyword(s):  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Romance Languages ◽  
Literary Discourse ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Discursive Strategies ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Large Readership ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Illustrative Material ◽  
Modern Perspective

The book deals with the study of functioning of Romance languages in sub-Saharan Africa, namely in the francophone and lusophone countries as well as Spanish-speaking Equatorial Guinea. It offers a detailed description of the sociolinguistic profile of this area, studies the state of the relationship between the Romance and local languages from a historic and modern perspective, analyzes the language politics in these African countries in the postcolonial period. A special emphasis is made on the issue of identity in the African states on the background of the process of decentrement of the geocultural spaces, the key mechanisms thereof being miscegenation and creolization. The literary discourse is regarded as the area of manifestation of the new postcolonial cultural matrix. It involves diverse speech and discursive strategies – those of indigenization and rhetoric modus. The monograph is based on the new illustrative material, that has not been subjected to a detailed research. The book may be used for teaching different disciplines such as linguistics, literary studies, ethnology, sociology, theory of communication, ethnolinguistics. It may be of interest to a large readership.

scholarly journals Constructing a measure of health literacy in Sub-Saharan African countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
pp. 907-915
Author(s):  
Heather F McClintock ◽  
Julia M Alber ◽  
Sarah J Schrauben ◽  
Carmella M Mazzola ◽  
Douglas J Wiebe
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
National Study ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
High Health Literacy

Abstract We sought to develop and evaluate a health literacy measure in a multi-national study and to examine demographic characteristics associated with health literacy. Data were obtained from Demographic Health Surveys conducted between 2006–15 in 14 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Surveys were the same in all countries but translated to local languages as appropriate. We identified eight questions that corresponded to the National Academy of Medicine (NAM) definition of health literacy. Factor analysis was used to extract one measure of health literacy. Logistic regression was employed to examine the relationship between demographic characteristics and health literacy. A total of 224 751 individuals between the ages of 15 and 49 years were included. The derived health literacy measure demonstrated good internal consistency (Cronbach’s α = 0.72) and good content validity. The prevalence of high health literacy overall was 35.77%; females 34.08% and males 39.17%; less than or equal to primary education 8.93%, some secondary education 69.40% and ≥complete secondary 84.35%. High health literacy varied across nations, from 8.51% in Niger to 63.89% in Namibia. This is the first known study to evaluate a measure of health literacy relying on the NAM definition utilizing a large sample from 14 countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. Our study derived a robust indicator of NAM-defined health literacy. This indicator could be used to examine determinants and outcomes of health literacy in additional countries.

Proximity and Power Factors in Western Coverage of the Sub-Saharan AIDS Crisis

2003 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 145-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristen Alley Swain
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
News Coverage ◽  
New York Times ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Aids Crisis ◽  
World Report ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

This content analysis explores the relationship between proximity/power status factors and news coverage of AIDS in sub-Saharan Africa in the elite press of the United States and Britain. Coverage from six publications— Time, Newsweek, U.S. News & World Report, The Economist, New York Times, and London Times—was compared with reported AIDS incidence in the hardest-hit African countries over two decades. AIDS coverage was related to year of publication, country of origin, and former colony status. Strongest predictors of coverage included military spending, scientific research, GDP, GNP, population, government type, and number of highways. Proximity and power status factors may mediate the flow of capital (information, money, and goods) between dominant and dependent nations.

scholarly journals Relationship between Public Debt Burden and Health Expenditure in Sub-Saharan African Countries: The Role of Institutional Quality

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rusmawati Said ◽  
Abdullahi Sani Morai
Keyword(s):  
Public Debt ◽  
Health Expenditure ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The Public ◽  
Debt Burden ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

The historically lower level of public health expenditure of sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries could be partly explained by the mounting debt burden of this region. This consumes a sizable proportion of their domestic resources to debt servicing and potentially decreases their overall budgetary allocations to various sectors in the economy and health expenditure in particular. Using the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) approach on a sample of 43 sub-Saharan African countries, we examined the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure highlighting the role of institutional quality for the period 2000 – 2014. The empirical result confirms that the relationship between public debt burden and health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa is negative. Interestingly, however, the marginal effect of the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure has shown that such a negative relationship turns out to be positive when the quality of the institutions is at maximum. This suggests that the relationship between the public debt burden and health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa is a function of institutional quality.  Therefore, to minimize the negative impact of public debt on health expenditure in sub-Saharan Africa, governments should take determine stand to minimize its debt accumulation and intensify efforts toward the improvement of institutional quality in the region comprehensively.

scholarly journals The effect of demographic characteristics on employment in Sub- Saharan Africa.

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
pp. 12-27
Author(s):  
Francis Kamau Ndung’u
Keyword(s):  
Random Effects ◽  
World Bank ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Domestic Capital ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Data Banks

This study aimed at establishing the effect of demographic characteristics on employment in Sub Saharan Africa.  The study used data ranging from the year 1990 to the year 2015 that was obtained from the data banks of World Bank and FAOSTAT. The panel data that was obtained and used was for 30 Sub-Saharan African Countries. The traditional Neo classical production function was utilized in this study in estimating the regression results. Hausman test was carried out and it determined that fixed effects estimations were preferred to random effects and as a consequence, random effects estimations were made use of during the analysis of data. In establishing the relationship between demographic characteristics and employment, demographic characteristics, imports and services sectors variables were found to statistically and significantly influence employment. However, domestic capital was found to negatively influence employment though this was not statistically significant, while exports was found negatively and statistically significantly influencing employment.

scholarly journals Does social support modify the relationship between food insecurity and poor mental health? Evidence from thirty-nine sub-Saharan African countries

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 874-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muzi Na ◽  
Meghan Miller ◽  
Terri Ballard ◽  
Diane C Mitchell ◽  
Yuen Wai Hung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Social Support ◽  
Food Insecurity ◽  
Emotional Support ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Mental Well Being ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractObjectiveThe present study aimed to determine the relationship among food insecurity, social support and mental well-being in sub-Saharan Africa, a region presenting the highest prevalence of severe food insecurity and a critical scarcity of mental health care.DesignFood insecurity was measured using the Food Insecurity Experience Scale (FIES). Social support was assessed using dichotomous indicators of perceived, foreign perceived, received, given, integrative and emotional support. The Negative and Positive Experience Indices (NEI and PEI) were used as indicators of mental well-being. Multilevel mixed-effect linear models were applied to examine the associations between mental well-being and food security status, social support and their interaction, respectively, accounting for random effects at country level and covariates.ParticipantsNationally representative adults surveyed through Gallup World Poll between 2014 and 2016 in thirty-nine sub-Saharan African countries (n 102 235).ResultsThe prevalence of severe food insecurity was 39 %. The prevalence of social support ranged from 30 to 72 % by type. In the pooled analysis using the adjusted model, food insecurity was dose-responsively associated with increased NEI and decreased PEI. Perceived, integrative and emotional support were associated with lower NEI and higher PEI. The differences in NEI and PEI between people with and without social support were the greatest among the most severely food insecure.ConclusionsBoth food insecurity and lack of social support constitute sources of vulnerability to poor mental well-being. Social support appears to modify the relationship between food security and mental well-being among those most affected by food insecurity in sub-Saharan Africa.

Dynamics of Collaboration between U.S. Foundations and African Universities

2020 ◽  
pp. 370-384
Author(s):  
Fabrice Jaumont
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Donor Funding ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
The Relationship

The question of interest in this chapter is the recent project referred to as the Partnership for Higher Education in Africa, and the partner Foundations' goal to contribute to the transformation of a select number of universities in selected African countries. Can public universities in sub-Saharan Africa fully accept the solutions proposed by a private donorship from the West? In exploring the question this chapter draws upon the theoretical frameworks of neo-institutionalism and resource dependency to analyze the related issues. It also reviews, within a neo-institutional perspective, the long-standing debate on U.S. foundations' international activities, and discusses these foundations' perceived influence over Africa's higher education system. Applied to the relationship between U.S. foundations and African universities, this lens seeks to shed new light on the debate about donor funding and its influence on educational reforms.

scholarly journals Commodity Price Shocks And Macroeconomic Performance In Sub-Saharan Africa

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 169-182
Author(s):  
Ogunsakin Sanya
Keyword(s):  
Commodity Price ◽  
Output Growth ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Price Shocks ◽  
African Countries ◽  
The World ◽  
Commodity Price Shocks ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

This study investigated the relationship between commodity price shocks and output growth in Sub-Saharan African countries using panel data which covered the period between 2005 and 2017. Data for the study were sourced from the World Development Indicators (WDI). Data base of the World Bank, The IMF’S International Financial Statistics (IFM) and Publications of Central Banks of various countries selected. The study employed Generalized Movement Average (GMM) as the estimation technique. Findings from the study showed that positive changes in the prices of export commodities has little positive impact on macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa while negative price change has negative and significant impact on macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan African countries during study period. Based on these findings, the study therefore concludes that the relationship between commodity price shocks and macroeconomic performance in Sub-Saharan Africa is asymmetric. The study recommends that countries in Sub-Saharan Africa should introduce and implement policies to withstand shocks that may come from commodity price shocks such as economic diversification not only in area of agriculture but also in the area of industrialization and manufacturing.

scholarly journals Growth effects of migrants’ remittances in selected Sub-Saharan African countries

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taiwo Ajilore ◽  
Sylvanus Ikhide
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Cape Verde ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Real Gdp ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

The study examined the assumption that ‘size matters’ in the empirical controversy of the relationship between migrants’ remittances and economic growth. This is done through an empirical analysis of the remittances-growth relationships in selected countries in Sub-Saharan Africa, where remittance inflows are overwhelming proportions of real GDP. The study used data at the country level, for five countries: Cape Verde, Lesotho, Nigeria, Senegal and Togo. The long-run ARDL estimates indicate positive and significant effects of migrants’ remittances on growth performance in Cape Verde and Nigeria, but negative, and slightly significant effects for Lesotho, with no evidence of long-run level relationships between remittances and economic growth in Senegal and Togo. Thus, the assumption that size may matter in the remittance–growth nexus finds no support, as findings provide no significant departure from the existing inconclusiveness of empirical literature on the relationship. For policy, the study advocates country-level policies that improve the efficiency of remittance inflows and promote the use of remittances for developmental purposes.

Dynamics of Collaboration between U.S. Foundations and African Universities

2016 ◽  
pp. 167-185
Author(s):  
Fabrice Jaumont
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Theoretical Frameworks ◽  
Institutional Perspective ◽  
Donor Funding ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Recent Project ◽  
The Relationship

The question of interest in this chapter is the recent project referred to as the Partnership for Higher Education in Africa, and the partner Foundations' goal to contribute to the transformation of a select number of universities in selected African countries. Can public universities in sub-Saharan Africa fully accept the solutions proposed by a private donorship from the West? In exploring the question this chapter draws upon the theoretical frameworks of neo-institutionalism and resource dependency to analyze the related issues. It also reviews, within a neo-institutional perspective, the long-standing debate on U.S. foundations' international activities, and discusses these foundations' perceived influence over Africa's higher education system. Applied to the relationship between U.S. foundations and African universities, this lens seeks to shed new light on the debate about donor funding and its influence on educational reforms.

scholarly journals Assessing sex differentials in under-five mortality in sub-Saharan Africa: A cross-national comparative analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 41 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adebiyi Germain Boco
Keyword(s):  
Community Level ◽  
Childhood Mortality ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Demographic And Health Surveys ◽  
African Countries ◽  
Sex Differentials ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Individual Household ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Relationship

This paper investigates and compares country-specific sex differentials in childhood mortality in thirty sub-Saharan African countries. Data from the demographic and Health Surveys (DHS) were analyzed to assess sex differentials in U5M rates before and after adjustment for individual, household, and community-level factors, using multilevel discrete-time hazard models. The findings show a systematically higher mortality for male children compared to female in all countries except Sierra Leone and Swaziland. The relationship is significant in nineteen of the thirty countries. Across the region, males have 17–54 per cent higher odds of dying before age five. These patterns remained when controls were added for individual and community-level factors, as well as unobserved community-level effects. 

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