THE RESEARCH ON THE PROCESS PRODUCTIVITY AND WEAR OF THE TOOL ELEC-TRODE ON THE FREQUENCY OF THE PULSES OF THE ELECTROEROSIVE FLASHING OF MICROHOLES

This chapter introduces the political focus on the productivity of the NHS. Productivity is a conceptually simple construct, relating the amount of output produced to the amount of inputs used in the production process. Productivity growth can also be calculated by comparing the change in outputs produced to the change in inputs utilised from one period to the next. Political interest is focused primarily on productivity growth. However, assessing productivity or efficiency is somewhat problematic in the context of a free-at-the-point-of-use health system service such as the NHS. The authors discuss some of the issues they face in attempting such an evaluation. With these issues in mind, the authors describe the growth in outputs, inputs and productivity between 2004/05 and 2013/14. The chapter concludes by discussing whether or not the key political measures highlighted in the first section appear to have had an influence on NHS productivity growth.

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Optimization of technological factors of magneticelectric strengthening

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus Physical-Technical Series ◽

10.29235/1561-8358-2020-65-4-404-412 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 65 (4) ◽

pp. 404-412

Author(s):

L. M. Akulovich ◽

A. V. Miranovich ◽

M. M. Dechko

Keyword(s):

Magnetic Induction ◽

Design Method ◽

Technological Factor ◽

Powder Coating ◽

Optimality Criteria ◽

Technological Factors ◽

Control Factors ◽

Limit Value ◽

Optimal Values ◽

Process Productivity

In order to determine the optimal values of technological factors for electromagnetic hardening process (EMHP), an experimental study of the process of applying ferromagnetic Fe – 2 % V powder coating on 30ХГС (GOST 4543- 71) steel parts was conducted. The process productivity and coating continuity were selected as the target parameters for the EMHP optimization. By applying the experimental design method, based on 5-factor central composite rotatable uniform plan, we have created stochastic models, expressed in regression functions of the second order. It has been determined that the magnetic induction value in the working gap is the most significant technological factor, affecting both target parameters. With the increasing induction magnitude the process productivity and the coating continuity increase non-linearly until the maximum limit value, which was attributed to the forming of current-conductive chains in the working gap, that have varying electrical conductivity and different directions relative to the lines of magnetic field forces. In order to determine the optimal EMHP mode we have solved the problems of finding maximums for greatest productivity and coating continuity within the constraints of the studied factor range. The discovered EMHP-modes, optimal for each separate parameter, coincide only in the value of the magnetic induction and the discharge density. The optimal values for the other control factors belong to different areas of factor range for different optimization parameters. To determine the EMHP modes, balanced against the both parameters, the problem of multicriteria optimization was solved. The obtained solution reveals that the density of discharge currents produces the biggest impact on the process productivity and the coating continuity within the balanced modes. At the same time the high continuity of the coating is achieved by the supplementing increase of peripheral speed of the processed workpiece, which leads to evener distribution of the intensively supplied mass of the ferromagnetic powder on the treated surface. The recommended technological modes of EMHP have been determined, based on the generalized optimality criteria.

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Architectures of Concurrent Engineering System for Composites

Volume 7: 10th Engineering Information Management Symposium ◽

10.1115/96-detc/eim-1424 ◽

1996 ◽

Author(s):

Jian Zhang ◽

H. Thomas Hahn

Keyword(s):

Concurrent Engineering ◽

Life Cycle Cost ◽

Engineering System ◽

Functional Requirements ◽

System Architectures ◽

Composite Manufacturing ◽

Manufacturing Enterprises ◽

System Requirements ◽

Points Of View ◽

Process Productivity

Abstract The demand for the better quality products with shorter lead-time and lower life-cycle cost forces the manufacturing enterprises all around the world to optimize their production strategies from both enterprise engineering and enterprise operation respectively. This paper addresses the architectural issue of applying the Concurrent Engineering (CE) approach in the composite manufacturing area. It first discussed briefly the characteristics of composite manufacturing process to examine the feasibility and possibility of applying the CE approach to improve its process productivity and product quality. Then the functional requirements for a concurrent engineering system for composites (CESC) were defined from both operational and architectural points of view. Finally, the integrated infrastructure based system architectures for the CESC were presented in accordance with the physical system requirements, and so were the associated and currently conducted R&D focuses for the system.

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Heat Treatment of Nanostructured Powders Obtained by Spark Erosion of WC-8Co Cemented Carbide in Oil

Solid State Phenomena ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.312.297 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 312 ◽

pp. 297-302

Author(s):

M.I. Dvornik ◽

Elena A. Mikhailenko

Keyword(s):

Heat Treatment ◽

Specific Energy Consumption ◽

Average Diameter ◽

Rapid Crystallization ◽

Excess Carbon ◽

Spark Erosion ◽

Chemical And Phase Compositions ◽

Process Productivity ◽

Spherical Microparticles ◽

Nanostructured Powders

Spark erosion of WC-8Co carbide pieces in oil resulted in a powder consisting of nanostructured spherical microparticles formed by rapid crystallization of the melt. These particles consist of rounded WC grains with an average diameter of about 0.18 μm, surrounded by cobalt. The process productivity, specific energy consumption, microstructure, particle size distribution, chemical and phase compositions of the obtained powder are determined. It was found that as a result of oil pyrolysis, free carbon is formed (3.4 %), which makes this powder unsuitable for the production of carbide products from it. A technique has been developed and the process of controlled removal of excess carbon by annealing the obtained powder in a CO2 atmosphere at a temperature of 1000 °C has been studied. As a result of annealing for 120 minutes, the carbon content decreases to the required value (5.6 %). Studies of the phase composition and microstructure showed that the obtained particles consist of elongated WC grains, the average diameter of which increased to 0.43 μm.

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Process, productivity, and economic analyses of BIM–based multi-trade prefabrication—A case study

Automation in Construction ◽

10.1016/j.autcon.2017.12.035 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 89 ◽

pp. 86-98 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Sejun Jang ◽

Ghang Lee

Keyword(s):

Economic Analyses ◽

Process Productivity

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Analysis of Choice Shrimp Technology based on Business Process, Productivity, Financial and Risk

IOP Conference Series Materials Science and Engineering ◽

10.1088/1757-899x/847/1/012048 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 847 ◽

pp. 012048

Author(s):

Wydzka Tasha Aulia Akbar ◽

Endang Chumaidiyah ◽

Meldi Rendra

Keyword(s):

Business Process ◽

Process Productivity

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The Design of Melting Units for Production of Synthetic Fibrous Materials by Vertical Blowing Method from PET Raw Materials

Materials Science Forum ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.952.216 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 952 ◽

pp. 216-222

Author(s):

Vladislav Sviatskii ◽

Andrea Mudriková ◽

Radovan Holubek ◽

Jakub Horník ◽

Mikhail Sokolov

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Raw Materials ◽

Pressure Change ◽

Material Surface ◽

Fibrous Materials ◽

Cylindrical Chamber ◽

Molten Material ◽

Operating Modes ◽

Technology Of Production ◽

Process Productivity

This paper presents the technology of production of synthetic fibrous materials from PET-raw by vertical blowing method. The formation of fibers from the melt of thermoplastics by vertical blowing method is accompanied by complex and specific phenomena, so creation of new progressive technologies, high-performance machines and units for producing such materials is impossible without process modeling, which can significantly reduce the number of natural tests, cost and development time and choose optimal operating modes. The motion of the molten material in the melting unit of the hydrostatic type is determined from the Poiseuille formula. Also in the article proved that the greatest impact on process productivity is made by the melting unit, exactly by outlet radius and the pressure change of compressed air, acting on the molten material surface. The increase in the height of the molten material column in the main cylindrical chamber of melting unit also leads to increase of process productivity.

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