scholarly journals FOLATE CYCLE: PATHOGENETIC MECHANISMS OF PREGNANCY COMPLICATIONS (REVIEW)

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (70) ◽  
pp. 113-120
Author(s):  
Татьяна Ларина ◽  
Tatyana Larina ◽  
Стефания Супрун ◽  
Stefaniya Suprun
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Folate Metabolism ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Folic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Endothelial Lining ◽  
Pathogenetic Mechanisms ◽  
Folate Cycle

The problem of prevention of complicated course of pregnancy and childbirth takes a leading place in modern obstetrics and perinatology. The authors conducted a profound analysis of numerous clinical studies in the area of folate metabolism in general, its role in the reproductive health of women, gestational complications, and the formation of fetal pathology. The significance of folic acid deficiency which is related to diet peculiarities, to insufficient enzymes intake, as well as to defects in folate exchange genes, which determine the reduced enzyme activity, is evaluated. In recent years, there has been much evidence that mutant homozygous (TT) and heterozygous (CT) genotypes are much more common among women with complicated pregnancies. Genetic deficiency of the key enzyme of the folate cycle – methylene-tetra-hydro-folate-reductase (MTHFR) is one of the reasons of hyperhomocysteinemia that has a pronounced toxic effect, damages the endothelial lining of the blood vessels and triggers a disorder of the processes of coagulation. Hyperhomocysteinemia has a big influence on the development of pregnancy complications, which depend on microcirculation, starting with spontaneous miscarriage in the first trimester of pregnancy and ending with preeclampsia, premature placental abruption and intrauterine fetal death. The consequences of the folate cycle problems at different stages can be congenital malformations of the fetus, especially defects of the neural tube. The importance of folic acid in the pathogenetic mechanisms of anemia is described. An interesting question is the role of low-functional alleles of folate genes in reproductive function disorders: under condition of infertility and miscarriage. The presented literature review is a reasonable conclusion for the need of further study of folate metabolism, taking into account genetic predisposition and other components.

FOLATE METABOLISM AND PREECLAMPSIA

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 131-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
YANFANG GUO ◽  
GRAEME N. SMITH ◽  
SHI WU WEN ◽  
MARK C WALKER
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Complex Disease ◽  
Folic Acid Supplementation ◽  
Folate Metabolism ◽  
Folic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Multisystem Disorder ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Relationship

Preeclampsia (PE) is a multisystem disorder of human pregnancy, affecting about 6% of all pregnancies worldwide, and is one of the leading causes of maternal and infant morbidity and mortality. Despite decades of research into the pathogenesis of this complex disease, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. As a result, the options for prevention and management of PE are limited. In recent years, there has been a growing body of evidence suggesting that folate deficiency is associated with PE, and folic acid supplementation may reduce the risk of developing PE in certain populations. Folate contributes to cell division and growth, and folate metabolism is involved in a large number of physiological and pathophysiological processes in human development. Sufficient supply of folate is therefore particularly important during pregnancy. Nevertheless, the exact mechanisms of folic acid deficiency increasing the risk of developing PE are still unclear. This article reviews what is understood about the aetiology of PE and the relationship between folate metabolism and PE so as to enhance further discussions on the subject.

Pathomorphology of gravid endometrium in patients with recurrent miscarriage in early periods with underlying chronic endometritis and the presence of low-functional alleles in folate cycle genes

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 287-292
Author(s):  
Lybov P. Peretyatko ◽  
Irina N. Fetisova ◽  
Natalya V. Fateeva ◽  
Roman A. Kuznetsov ◽  
Nikolay S. Fetisov
Keyword(s):  
Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase ◽  
Recurrent Miscarriage ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Main Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Endometrial Stromal Cells ◽  
Chronic Endometritis ◽  
Female Patients ◽  
Folate Cycle

AIM: This study aimed to identify the peculiarities of pathomorphological alterations in the gravid endometrium and polymorphism of the folate cycle genes in female patients with recurrent early miscarriage and underlying chronic endometritis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The uterine mucosa of women who had uncomplicated pregnancies and decided to have an artifactual abortion within 512 weeks (control group, n = 36) and patients with recurrent miscarriage with underlying chronic endometritis (main group, n = 83) was histologically examined. The polymorphism of the folate cycle genes MTHFR С677Т (rs 1801133), MTHFR A1298C (rs 1801131), and MTRR A66G (rs 1801394) was studied in the female patients of the main group and women with the preserved reproductive function (comparison group, n = 52) through real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). RESULTS: Fibroblast-like cells (FLCs) of the stroma sequentially differentiated into predecidual cells from 5 weeks to 12 weeks of uncomplicated pregnancy. In the case of recurrent miscarriage against background chronic endometritis, defect was observed in the differentiation of FLCs of the endometrial stroma. This finding was associated with a decrease in the morphometric parameters of the cells and an increase in the frequency of the occurrence of the low-functional allele 677T in the methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene. CONCLUSION: The course and outcome of pregnancy in the first trimester were negatively affected by the structural inadequacy of endometrial stromal cells in recurrent miscarriage and chronic endometritis combined with the presence of the MTHFR 677T allele in a womans genotype.

Association of folate cycle polymorphic genes with pregnancy complications in women of the Kazakh ethnic group

2020 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 110-119
Author(s):  
A.M. Kalimagambetov ◽  
◽  
S.K. Mukhamediyarova ◽  
A.T. Bekimbek ◽  
Z.B. Rakisheva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Polymorphic Genes ◽  
Folate Cycle

scholarly journals Exposure to chemical components of fine particulate matter and ozone, and placenta-mediated pregnancy complications in Tokyo: a register-based study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takehiro Michikawa ◽  
Seiichi Morokuma ◽  
Shin Yamazaki ◽  
Akinori Takami ◽  
Seiji Sugata ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Chemical Components ◽  
Specific Chemical ◽  
Network Database ◽  
Fine Particulate ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations

Abstract Background Maternal exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) was associated with pregnancy complications. However, we still lack comprehensive evidence regarding which specific chemical components of PM2.5 are more harmful for maternal and foetal health. Objective We focused on exposure over the first trimester (0–13 weeks of gestation), which includes the early placentation period, and investigated whether PM2.5 and its components were associated with placenta-mediated pregnancy complications (combined outcome of small for gestational age, preeclampsia, placental abruption, and stillbirth). Methods From 2013 to 2015, we obtained information, from the Japan Perinatal Registry Network database, on 83,454 women who delivered singleton infants within 23 Tokyo wards (≈627 km2). Using daily filter sampling of PM2.5 at one monitoring location, we analysed carbon and ion components, and assigned the first trimester average of the respective pollutant concentrations to each woman. Results The ORs of placenta-mediated pregnancy complications were 1.14 (95% CI = 1.08–1.22) per 0.51 μg/m3 (interquartile range) increase of organic carbon and 1.11 (1.03–1.18) per 0.06 μg/m3 increase of sodium. Organic carbon was also associated with four individual complications. There was no association between ozone and outcome. Significance There were specific components of PM2.5 that have adverse effects on maternal and foetal health.

scholarly journals Untargeted analysis of first trimester serum to reveal biomarkers of pregnancy complications: a case–control discovery phase study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. W. Harville ◽  
Y.-Y. Li ◽  
K. Pan ◽  
S. McRitchie ◽  
W. Pathmasiri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Predictive Power ◽  
Gestational Hypertension ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Renal Secretion ◽  
Global Alliance ◽  
Phase Study ◽  
High Resolution Mass Spectroscopy

AbstractUnderstanding of causal biology and predictive biomarkers are lacking for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (HDP) and preterm birth (PTB). First-trimester serum specimens from 51 cases of HDP, including 18 cases of pre-eclampsia (PE) and 33 cases of gestational hypertension (GH); 53 cases of PTB; and 109 controls were obtained from the Global Alliance to Prevent Prematurity and Stillbirth repository. Metabotyping was conducted using liquid chromatography high resolution mass spectroscopy and nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Multivariable logistic regression was used to identify signals that differed between groups after controlling for confounders. Signals important to predicting HDP and PTB were matched to an in-house physical standards library and public databases. Pathway analysis was conducted using GeneGo MetaCore. Over 400 signals for endogenous and exogenous metabolites that differentiated cases and controls were identified or annotated, and models that included these signals produced substantial improvements in predictive power beyond models that only included known risk factors. Perturbations of the aminoacyl-tRNA biosynthesis, l-threonine, and renal secretion of organic electrolytes pathways were associated with both HDP and PTB, while pathways related to cholesterol transport and metabolism were associated with HDP. This untargeted metabolomics analysis identified signals and common pathways associated with pregnancy complications.

FOLIC-ACID DEFICIENCY IN PREGNANCY

The Lancet ◽  
1959 ◽  
Vol 274 (7110) ◽  
pp. 1033-1034 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.H. Francis ◽  
J.S. Scott
Keyword(s):  
Folic Acid ◽  
Folic Acid Deficiency ◽  
Acid Deficiency ◽  
In Pregnancy

Antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin Antibodies in Antiphospholipid Syndrome with Intrauterine Growth Restriction and Preeclampsia

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (9) ◽  
pp. 1263-1272 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valentina Canti ◽  
Stefania Del Rosso ◽  
Marta Tonello ◽  
Roberta Lucianò ◽  
Ariela Hoxha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiphospholipid Syndrome ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Pregnancy Complications ◽  
Intrauterine Growth Restriction ◽  
Late Pregnancy ◽  
Additional Treatment ◽  
Growth Restriction ◽  
Intrauterine Fetal Death ◽  
Thrombotic Risk ◽  
Intrauterine Growth

Objective.Antibodies that recognize the phosphatidylserine/prothrombin complex (antiphosphatidylserine/prothrombin antibodies; aPS/PT) might reveal enhanced thrombotic risk in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. Little is known about their association with pregnancy complications in the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS).Methods.We enrolled 55 patients with APS who were seeking pregnancy in 2 Italian hospitals. Antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL), including anticardiolipin antibodies, anti-β2-glycoprotein I antibodies, lupus-like anticoagulant, and aPS/PT antibodies were assessed, and the patients were prospectively followed for 24 months.Results.There were 65% (36/55) of the APS patients who had aPS/PT antibodies. Forty-seven pregnancies were followed, including 33 of aPS/PT+ patients. Forty-one of the 47 patients (87%) who initiated a pregnancy eventually gave birth to a child. The pregnancy duration and the mean newborn weight at delivery were significantly lower in aPS/PT+ than in aPS/PT− patients (33.1 ± 4.7 vs 36.2 ± 3.4 wks of gestation, respectively, and 2058 ± 964 g vs 2784 ± 746 g, respectively, p < 0.05). Late pregnancy complications, including intrauterine fetal death, preterm delivery, preeclampsia, and intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), were more frequent in aPS/PT+ patients, independent of the therapy. Titers of aPS/PT IgG were significantly inversely correlated with the neonatal weight at delivery. Vascular injury, as reflected by thrombosis, fibrinoid necrosis, ischemic and hemorrhagic areas, and presence of chorangiomas characterized the IUGR placentas in the presence of aPS/PT.Conclusion.The aPS/PT antibodies might represent markers of aPL-related pregnancy complications, IUGR/preeclampsia in particular, and could help identify beforehand patients who may require additional treatment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document