scholarly journals Administration of foreign trade advantages and restrictions as the basis of the strategy of the new EU member States

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 25-33
Author(s):  
Елена Горбатенко ◽  
Elena Gorbatenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Modern World ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
New Eu Member States

This article analyzes the current aspects of the management of regional economic integration processes in the context of the entry of new member States into the largest integration grouping in the modern world economy – the European Union (EU). Some components of these processes are considered on the example of a number of European countries that joined the bloc at the stage of 2004-2013. The significant trends in the foreign trade policy of the European Union are identified.

External Aspects of the European Union´s Competitiveness

2018 ◽  
pp. 180-208
Author(s):  
Lenka Fojtíková ◽  
Michaela Staníčková
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
National Performance ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
The Eu

This chapter deals with application of Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) method to multicriteria performance evaluation of the European Union' (EU) Member States in the reference period 2000-2015. The productivity of the EU countries can be seen as the source of national performance and subsequent international competitiveness. International trade, as a major factor of openness, has an increasingly significant contribution to economic growth and thus for competitiveness. The aim of the chapter is to analyse level of productive potential achieved by the EU Member States. The results confirm the heterogeneity that exists among the EU Member States as well as in the trade area. While the calculations show that productivity growth of foreign trade was significant in the case of the entire EU, but the significance of productivity in foreign trade was not the same in the case of individual countries.

Can the European Union Force its Member States to Introduce the Euro?

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markus D.W. Stoffels
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Exchange Rate ◽  
Convergence Criterion ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Exchange Rate ◽  
New Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

In this study, the author addresses the intriguing, topical but little-studied question of whether the (old and new) EU Member States should, upon accession to the EU, be obliged to introduce the euro. To begin with, he examines—while deliberately ignoring the problematic exchange rate convergence criterion—whether introducing the euro should in principle be obligatory. After having answered this question in the affirmative, he takes a closer look at the exchange rate convergence criterion. He concludes that a country’s formal participation in the ERM II is a necessary but insufficient requirement for that country to meet the exchange rate convergence criterion. However, since ERM II membership is, for its part, voluntary, this also makes a country’s decision to introduce the euro completely voluntary. Accordingly, a Member State like Sweden is entitled to simply circumvent introducing the euro by simply refraining from participating in the ERM II. The author continuously refers to how different groups of Member States have been treated in the past with regard to them introducing the euro.

scholarly journals Prospects for managing Russia's foreign trade activity against the background of shifts in the EU development

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (9) ◽  
pp. 17-24
Author(s):  
Сергей Царев ◽  
Sergey Carev ◽  
Елена Горбатенко ◽  
Elena Gorbatenko
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Foreign Trade Policy ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Trade Practice ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Foreign Trade Activity ◽  
The Eu

This article discusses the most pressing problems faced by the Russian Federation in the implementation of its foreign trade policy in the framework of commodity exchange with the European Union (EU) from the standpoint of improving the management of these processes. The modern characteristics of mutually beneficial trade of the EU member States and the Russian Federation are analyzed. The most significant changes in the EU foreign trade practice are revealed.

Migration in Europe

2006 ◽  
Vol 198 ◽  
pp. 36-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ray Barrell ◽  
Catherine Guillemineau ◽  
Iana Liadze
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Large Wave ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Countries ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Standards Of Living ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The Uk

Recent developments in the European Union have raised immigration as an issue, especially in the UK. There has been a large wave of migrants into the UK from Poland since its accession in 2004, and as Romania and Bulgaria are preparing to become members of the European Union on 1 January 2007, migration from the new member states to other EU countries has become even more a focus of attention. Concerns over potential immigration towards the old EU member states have been rising because the total population of Bulgaria and Romania is approximately 30 million, a similar size to Poland, and the standards of living in both countries are considerably lower than in the EU-15 member countries, or than in any of the current New Member States. Hence outward migration is more likely to be attractive. The scale of flows will depend upon any restrictions that might be imposed by other member states, but current estimates suggest that 2 million Romanians, for instance, are already at work in the core EU countries.

scholarly journals Constitutional Courts and the Rule of Law in the New EU Member States

2019 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 202-231
Author(s):  
Angela Di Gregorio
Keyword(s):  
Rule Of Law ◽  
The Other ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Constitutional Courts ◽  
Member States ◽  
The Rule Of Law ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Communist Countries ◽  
New Eu Member States

This paper analyses the use of the rule-of-law principle in the jurisprudence of the constitutional courts of the new Member States of the European Union. The purpose is to discover whether past or recent decisions could clarify the use of the principle in these countries. An example is the legalistic concept of the rule of law as expressed by the Hungarian and Polish constitutional courts in examining the constitutionality of lustration laws. On the other hand, some constitutional courts (such as the Czech one) have used a wider and more sophisticated application of the rule of law. Considering the severe rule-of-law crisis which has been taking place in Hungary and Poland in recent years, this recognition is particularly important in order to avoid cumulative judgments that could devalue the former communist countries in general, trivializing the harsh path of democratic conditionality with its strengths and weaknesses.

scholarly journals Investment Attractiveness. The Case Of The Visegrad Group Countries

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Dorożyński ◽  
Anetta Kuna-Marszałek
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Spearman’S Rank Correlation ◽  
Global Performance ◽  
Visegrad Group ◽  
New Eu Member States

In the article, we attempt to assess the investment attractiveness of the New EU Member States, using the Visegrad Group countries as examples. This study is structured as follows: First, it explores the existing literature on factors of investment attractiveness. Further we examine inward foreign direct investment flows in the Visegrad Group countries against the global performance in the area from 1990 to 2013. Next we discuss the investment attractiveness of New Member States of the European Union in selected international rankings, paying special attention to the positions occupied by the four analysed countries. The final part examines the correlation between selected variables characteristic of investment attractiveness and the inflow of foreign investment. The study is based on statistical methods (Spearman’s rank correlation and Pearson correlation). At the end we present our conclusions.

scholarly journals The Volume and Dynamics of Domestic Expenditures on Research and Development in the European Union

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 21-48
Author(s):  
Jerzy Baruk
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
Indirect Measure ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Secondary Material ◽  
Efficient Management

AbstractIn the article, whose construction is of theoretical and empirical nature, the author attempted to achieve the following objectives: 1) identification and critical assessment of expenditures on research and development (GERD index), expressed in euro per inhabitant, incurred by statistical units concentrated in the sectors: business enterprises, government, higher education, private non-profit organizations and jointly in all sectors in countries members of the European Union. The level and dynamics of these expenditures are treated as an indirect measure of senior management’s involvement in creating R&D policy and efficient management in R&D phases; 2) an attempt to verify theses that R&D expenditures are variable and diversified in EU Member States, which indicates the lack of a rational R&D policy focused on the systematic generation of new knowledge materialized in innovations providing customers the expected value in a systemic way; 3) developing models of innovative R&D activities management. To develop the article, research methods are used, such as: critical-cognitive analysis of literature, statistical-comparative analysis of Eurostat’s empirical secondary material, projection method. The level of the GERD meter indicates a significant differentiation of R&D expenditure in individual sections of the analysis. The member states of the old EU had relatively higher outlays for this purpose compared to the new member states.

scholarly journals Why the EU-15 Maintains Higher CIT Rates than the New Member States?

2014 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-120
Author(s):  
Andrzej Karpowicz
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Income Tax ◽  
Western Europe ◽  
Corporate Income Tax ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
The Eu

Abstract The European Union is not a homogenous area. This lack of homogeneity extends to taxes, which vary across jurisdictions. On average, Western Europe imposes significantly higher taxes on capital than New Member States, which joined the Community in 2004 and 2007. Often this fact is simply taken for granted. However, there are several arguments that can explain this variance. Although several of these arguments are well known and have been researched, they have not been assessed in combination, or used in a comparative analysis of corporate income tax (CIT) rates between EU member states. Because of interest in harmonizing CIT throughout the EU, the roots of divergent CIT is of particular and timely value. Therefore, this article we attempts to demonstrate the differences in CIT rates in the EU-15 and New Member States. In so doing the general characteristics of these country grouping is identified, and then discussed in the context of the taxation theory.

scholarly journals Real convergence of the European Union members states – evaluation attempt

Management ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 393-404
Author(s):  
Aleksander Grzelak ◽  
Marlena Kujaczyńska
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Member States ◽  
New Member States ◽  
Eu Member States ◽  
Development Level ◽  
Real Convergence ◽  
The Eu

Summary The key aim of the article is to verify the hypothesis concerning convergence in the economic development of the EU member states, which is reflected in evening out differences in the economic development level of the EU member states. New member states develop faster than old member states. In the light of the presented results, economic convergence of the member states seems not to be homogenous. Thus, it can be provisionally stated that progress has been recorded as regards convergence of the member states economies, in particular since 2007, although it needs to be emphasised that differences between them are still significant.

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