Risk to Kaluga Population Health when Exposed to Air Pollutants

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 28-34
Author(s):  
В. Иванова ◽  
V. Ivanova ◽  
Г. Лаврентьева ◽  
G. Lavrenteva ◽  
Р. Шошина ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Territorial Expansion ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects

Assessment of risk to Kaluga population health has been carried out taking into account both air pollution with nitrogen dioxide, carbon monoxide and suspended solids (dust), and danger coefficients related to development of non-carcinogenic effects for specific substances, and the hazard index for a group of substances with unidirectional impact. An alarming risk prevailed for the population health in the period from 2013 to 2016. The main contribution in this risk formation was made by atmospheric air pollution with nitrogen dioxide and suspended solids. The tendency for territorial expansion of city’s controlled areas with a predominance of acceptable non-carcinogenic risk to public health in 2017 has been established.

EVALUATION OF THE DYNAMICS OF THE RECEIPT OF KEY POLLUTANTS IN THE ATMOSPHERIC AIR OF ROSTOV-ON-DON

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.S. Zharkova ◽  
◽  
P.V. Klimov
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Motor Vehicles ◽  
Anthropogenic Emissions ◽  
Potential Threat ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Harmful Substances

A study was conducted to assess air pollution in Rostov-on-Don. The main source of air pollution is motor vehicles, whose contribution to total anthropogenic emissions reaches 91.3%. Despite the reduction in the influx of harmful substances, air pollution by suspended solids and nitrogen dioxide exceeds permissible sanitary and hygienic standards. As a result of preliminary ranking of pollutants, it was established that nitrogen dioxide emissions are the greatest potential threat to the population.

scholarly journals Assessment of environmental risks from atmospheric air pollution in industrially developed regions of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 511-518 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. N. Nekos ◽  
Yu. V. Medvedeva ◽  
N. I. Cherkashyna
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
National Level ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Environmental Risks ◽  
Acceptable Level ◽  
Monitoring And Control ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects ◽  
Level Of Risk

Currently, atmospheric pollution is one of the main causes of premature mortality in the world. The problem is especially relevant for economically underdeveloped countries, in particular Ukraine, the economy of which has been developing for a long time in an extensive way. The complicated socio-ecological situation in the territory of the country is due, first of all, to insufficient financing of the medical industry and environmental protection, outdated technologies in industries, etc. The purpose of the study is to assess the environmental risks of atmospheric air pollution in industrialized regions of Ukraine. Kharkiv and Dnipro regions, which are part of the Donetsk-Prydnistrovsky economic macro-district, a powerful center of metallurgy and machine-building of the national level, were selected for the study. As part of the study, the ambient air condition was assessed from the point of view of sanitary-hygienic norms in compliance with state environmental standards as well as the risks of carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic effects from atmospheric pollution.Regional monitoring data on average annual concentrations of common pollutants and heavy metals in the atmospheric air of the cities of Kharkiv and Dnipro regions were used in calculations, averaged over the period from 2014 to 2016. The results of calculations have shown that the total non-carcinogenic risk from atmospheric air pollution in all studied cities exceeds the permissible level: Dnipro – 19.8 HQ; Kamianske– 23.3 HQ; Kryviy Rig – 19.3 HQ; Kharkiv – 11.9 HQ. The pollutants: PM2.5, copper, formaldehyde, nitrogen dioxide, manganese and phenol mostly contribute to the greatest non-carcinogenic risk.  The dominance of these chemicals and elements in the structure of pollution in the studied cities leads to high probability of development of harmful effects in the respiratory organs – 11.1 to 22.3 HQ; cardiovascular system – 2.9 to 12.3 HQ; immune system – 1.7 to 4.7 HQ; eyes – 0.8 to 4 HQ; central nervous system – 1,4 to 4,6 HQ.  The risk of carcinogenic effects is calculated  for substances with proven carcinogenic effects: formaldehyde, nickel, cadmium, lead and chromium. The obtained carcinogenic risk from atmospheric air pollution within the studied cities falls into two categories: conventionally acceptable level of risk and acceptable level of risk. The greatest carcinogenic danger is from pollution of atmospheric air by chromium. Contribution of chromium to total carcinogenic risk ranges from 53.6 to 90.6%. Taking into account the obtained results, it is expedient to include the assessment of the risks to the population’s health in the system of monitoring and control of the environment in Ukraine.

scholarly journals ENVIRONMENTAL AND HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF AMBIENT AIR POLLUTION AND PEDIATRIC POPULATION HEALTH IN AREAS WITH DEVELOPED OIL INDUSTRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 949-955
Author(s):  
Zulfiya B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R. A. Suleymanov ◽  
A. A. Kulagin ◽  
R. Kh. Giniyatullin ◽  
T. K. Valeev
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Ambient Air Pollution ◽  
Oil Refining

Introduction. The ecological and hygienic state of the environment plays a major role in promoting pediatric population health. The ambient air pollutants are regarded as the primary environmental factor leading to the immunity reducing, thus provoking the development of various diseases. Material and methods. The data on the concentration of general toxicity chemicals in the ambient air of towns and districts of the Republic of Bashkortostan with the developed oil industry, as well as data on the state of pediatric health between 2007 and 2016. To identify possible links between medico-demographic indicators and toxicant concentration in the ambient air the Pearson correlation coefficients (r) were calculated. Results. The Republican objects of the fuel and energy complex make the largest contribution to air pollution in the areas of their location. The gross emissions of such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil amount to 43.69-49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The presence of a number of air pollutants is detected above the standards in certain periods of time. The most commonly recorded excesses are for ammonia, suspended solids, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide. In some areas where oil-extracting and oil-refining enterprises are located, there are high rates of general morbidity of the pediatric population, congenital anomalies, and diseases of the respiratory organs in children of the first year of life. Correlation analysis showed a close positive relationship between carbon monoxide content and the overall incidence rates of child circulation (r = 0.957) and blood disease indicators in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases correlate with nitrogen dioxide emissions (r = 0.899). Conclusion. Further development of the oil extracting, petrochemical and oil refining industries should be carried out taking into account the socio-economic conditions of the population.

Environmental and Hygienic Assessment of Ambient Air Pollution in Oil-Producing and Oil-Refining Areas of the Republic of Bashkortostan and Population Health Status

2020 ◽  
pp. 26-32
Author(s):  
Z.B. Baktybaeva ◽  
R.A. Suleymanov ◽  
T.K. Valeev ◽  
N.R. Rahmatullin ◽  
E.G. Stepanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Health Status ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Respiratory Diseases ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Disease Rates ◽  
Total Suspended Particles

Introduction. High density of oil-producing and refining facilities in certain areas of Bashkortostan significantly affects the environment including ambient air quality in residential areas. Materials and methods. We analyzed concentrations of airborne toxicants (sulfur and nitrogen oxides, nitrogen and carbon oxides, hydrogen sulfide, ammonia, xylenes, toluene, phenol and total suspended particles) and population health status in the cities of Ufa, Sterlitamak, Salavat, Blagoveshchensk, and the Tuymazinsky District in 2007–2016. Pearson's correlation coefficients (r) were used to establish possible relationships between medico-demographic indicators and air pollution. Results. Republican fuel and energy enterprises contributed the most to local air pollution levels. Gross emissions from such enterprises as Bashneft-Ufaneftekhim and Bashneft-Navoil reached 43.69–49.77 thousand tons of pollutants per year. The levels of some air pollutants exceeded their maximum permissible concentrations. Elevated concentrations of ammonia, total suspended particles, nitrogen dioxide, and carbon monoxide were registered most frequently. High rates of congenital abnormalities, respiratory diseases in infants (aged 0-1), general mortality and morbidity of the population were observed in some oil-producing and refining areas. The correlation analysis proved the relationship between the concentration of carbon monoxide and general disease rates in adults based on hospital admissions (r = 0.898), general incidence rates in children (r = 0.957), and blood disease rates in infants (r = 0.821). Respiratory diseases in children correlated with nitrogen dioxide emission levels (r = 0.899). Conclusions. Further development of oil-producing, petrochemical and oil-refining industries should be carried out taking into account socio-economic living conditions of the population.

scholarly journals THE RISK OF DEVELOPING NON-CARCINOGENIC EFFECTS IN CHILDREN IN INDUSTRIAL CITY IN MULTICOMPARTMENT CONTAMINATION WITH CHEMICAL POLLUTANTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (3) ◽  
pp. 242-245
Author(s):  
Andrey G. Setko ◽  
Zh. K. Mryasova ◽  
E. A. Terekhova ◽  
A. V. Tyurin
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Food Products ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Industrial City ◽  
Contaminated Food ◽  
Central Nervous Systems ◽  
Carcinogenic Effects

Introduction. Environmental factors can cause a gain in prevalence of a significant number of diseases in the population. The effect of various components on the body of children and adolescents becomes especially relevant on the territory of an industrial city, due to its increased sensitivity to adverse effects in connection with the ongoing processes of both growth and development. The article presents the results of an assessment of the non-carcinogenic risk to the health of the children living in the industrial city of Orenburg. Material and methods. The results of laboratory studies of atmospheric air, water from centralized sources of water supply and food products as sources of potential health risks for children living in the city of Orenburg were evaluated. Hygienic and statistical research methods were used. Results. In the industrial city, the priority media that form a high risk of developing non-carcinogenic effects were found to be contaminated food and drinking water, which create a high and very high non-carcinogenic risk for hormonal (up to HI = 13.8), cardiovascular (up to HI = 18.3), central nervous systems (up to HI = 8.3) in children and adolescents and effects on the blood (up to HI = 19.0) and kidneys (up to HI = 8.8), as well as atmospheric air when exposed to the respiratory system (HI = 7.2), which may be one of the reasons for the deviation in their state of health at the population level. Conclusion. The complex multicomponent impact of risk factors on children living in an industrial city is a well-studied problem, the relevance of which does not decrease. Modern concepts of risk assessment make it possible to identify priority environments and their contaminants, which, of course, makes management decisions more focused both at the population and individual levels. The priority media were established to be contaminated with drinking water and contaminated food products, which form a high non-carcinogenic risk for the hormonal, cardiovascular, central nervous systems of children and adolescents and the effect on blood in the long-term dynamics, which may be one of the causes of deviations in their state health at the population level.

scholarly journals GEOECOLOGICAL MAPPING OF THE PUROVSK AREA IN YAMAL-NENETS AUTONOMOUS REGION

2016 ◽  
pp. 120-125
Author(s):  
N. L. Mamaeva ◽  
S. A. Petrov
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Carbon Monoxide ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Maximum Permissible Concentration ◽  
Near Surface ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Autonomous Region ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Nenets Autonomous

In the article there were calculated near-surface concentrations of pollutants in the atmospheric air of Purovsk area, Jamal-Nenets Autonomous region. The purpose was to compare these with the maximum permissible concentration. The geo-ecological maps of dispersion of substances emissions into the air were made up using the unified program for calculating the air pollution taking into account the technical characteristics of sources and emissions themselves, natural, especially climate, conditions, as well as protection urban development activities and the lay of land. The conclusions were made about the excess in the atmosphere of maximum permissible concentration of solids on carbon monoxide in Purovsk, and on nitrogen dioxide in Purovsk, as well as in Ust-Purovsk Tazovskaya Guba permafrost areas.

scholarly journals HYGIENIC ASSESSMENT OF HEALTH RISK FACTORS FOR POPULATION OF MEGAPOLISIS’SATELLITE TOWNS BY THE EXAMPLE OF LENINGRAD REGION

2019 ◽  
Vol 96 (7) ◽  
pp. 614-619 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir N. Fedorov ◽  
E. V. Zibarev ◽  
Yu. A. Novikova ◽  
A. A. Kovshov ◽  
K. B. Fridman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Population Health ◽  
Morbidity Rate ◽  
Leningrad Region ◽  
Industrial Emissions ◽  
Noise Levels ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Motor Transport ◽  
Industrial Enterprises

Minor towns with population size of 50-100 thousand people are much rarely studied in regards of the ecological-hygienic assessment of human environment, in spite of the fact that they are characterized by specific ecological problems. The objective of the study was the hygienic assessment of the impact of urban environment on population health status in Tikhvin and Gatchina towns of the Leningrad region. Morbidity rate in the population of Tikhvin and Gatchina in 2005-2015, atmospheric emissions of industrial enterprises, findings on monitoring for both atmospheric air pollution and centralized drinking water supply, as well as motor transport noise levels were studied. Population health risk stipulated by industrial emissions and noise exposure was calculated. Statistical data treatment with correlation analysis of the relationship between environmental pollution indices and population morbidity was carried out. The study revealed increased atmospheric air pollutant concentrations in Gatchina, which might be connected with motor transport effect. Acute non-carcinogenic risk levels resulting from air pollutants are on the borderline of the admissible level, while in Tikhvin town those values are significantly lower. Estimated concentrations of atmospheric pollutants produced by industrial emissions are by 1.5-2 times lower than the actual levels shown by monitoring. Noise levels and predicted health risks in Gatchina are on the borderline of the admissible level, while in Tikhvin they are significantly reduced. The statistically significant gain in the general primary morbidity rate indices due to respiratory diseases in Gatchina town, correlated with atmospheric air pollution, was revealed. Our study showed that despite the presence of large industrial enterprises in studied towns, motor transport proved to be the key factor that forms air pollution and noise load, more typical of large cities.

scholarly journals Сarcinogenic substances in the atmospheric air of Dnipro city and risk to the population

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-231
Author(s):  
A.M. Serdiuk ◽  
I.O. Chernychenko ◽  
O.M. Lytvychenko ◽  
V.F. Babii ◽  
O.Ye. Kondratenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
The State ◽  
State Monitoring ◽  
Dynamic Changes ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Emergency Situations ◽  
Chromium Vi ◽  
Industrial Center

The objective – to study the dynamic changes for the health risk of the population of the industrial center in accordance with the state of atmospheric air pollution with carcinogenic compounds. The assessment of the state of atmospheric air pollution was carried out by us based on the results of physicochemical analysis of samples taken in places attached to the locations of stationary posts of state monitoring. The concentration of identified substances was determined by conventional methods: spectral-luminescent and gas chromatographic. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using data from the Central Geophysical Observatory of the Ministry of Emergency Situations. The calculation of the inhalation load of chemical carcinogens and the risks associated with them (non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic) was carried out in accordance with domestic guidelines. The assessment of dynamic changes in the nature of atmospheric air pollution with a complex of carcinogenic substances was made 5 of them are constantly recorded at levels exceeding hygienic standards. When compared with the reference concentrations, all compounds are characterized by high coefficients, indicating the likelihood of their effect on the body's immune system, respiratory organs, malformations, etc. A high individual carcinogenic risk of the effect of chromium VI and nitrosamines was determined. A total carcinogenic risk is formed at levels of 2.5 – 3.9×10-3, which should be considered as high; this requires development and implementation of preventive measures. On the territory of the industrial center, a high level of air pollution with increased carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risk is stably registered.

scholarly journals THE IMPROVEMENT OF APPROACHES TO THE ASSESSMENT OF EFFECTS OF THE ANTHROPOGENIC AIR POLLUTION ON THE POPULATION IN ORDER TO MANAGEMENT THE RISK FOR HEALTH

2019 ◽  
Vol 98 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aleksandr O. Karelin ◽  
A. Yu. Lomtev ◽  
M. V. Volkodaeva ◽  
G. B. Yeremin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Evidence Based Medicine ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Health Assessment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Epidemiological Methods ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Based Medicine

The air pollution has got a great risk to the health of the population. In the risk assessment, objective and subjective uncertainties have appeared. The aim of the study to analyze the uncertainties arising in the assessment of health adverse effects of air pollution and possible ways to decrease them. Methods of the scientific hypothetical deductive cognition, general logical methods, and approaches of researches: analysis, synthesis, abstracting, generalization, induction. In this paper, we analyzed the uncertainties arising in the risk assessment for the health of population caused by air pollution and proposed measures to improve the approaches to assessment and management of the risk. The analysis revealed the main causes of the uncertainties. In the field of the atmospheric air monitoring, they are lack of modern equipment and officially approved methods for measurement, the absence of criteria and recommendation for choosing of controlled air pollutants. For the health assessment, it is advisable to use epidemiological methods and methodology of risk analysis taking into account the uncertainties of each approach. Usage of the geographic information systems let increase the informativity of data and efficiency of analysis. Accurate quantification of the risk for the health of population caused by air pollution is a difficult to challenge. It is necessary to take into account the experience of developed countries in the development of domestic criteria for the selection of substances for the control of atmospheric air quality. It is advisable to combine the analysis of data on the actual concentrations of pollutants obtained at stationary and mobile observation posts, and integrated calculations of air pollution. It is necessary to use basic concepts of evidence-based medicine to identify the real impact of air pollutants on public health and reduce uncertainties. Conclusion. In the assessment of risk for health caused by air pollution a lot of objective and subjective uncertainties appear. Based on the principles of evidence-based medicine, they should be comprehensively analyzed and minimized using modern methodological approaches, taking into account their capabilities and limitations.

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