scholarly journals Ocorrência de Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) em quiabeiro no Estado do Acre

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-138
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Souza Santos ◽  
Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Capacity ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Phenacoccus Solenopsis ◽  
First Report ◽  
Urban Garden ◽  
Sooty Mold ◽  
Fruit Drop ◽  
Terminal Buds

Resumo. As cochonilhas são insetos sugadores de seiva que causam enfraquecimento das plantas, queda de frutos, além de atuarem como vetores de fitopatógenos e favorecerem a ocorrência da fumagina, que por sua vez diminui a capacidade fotossintética das plantas. A espécie Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley é uma espécie polífaga e relatada em plantas cultivadas, ornamentais, hortaliças e espécies daninhas. No presente estudo, registrou-se a ocorrência da cochonilha P. solenopsis na cultura do quiabeiro no município de Rio Branco, estado do Acre, Brasil. Exemplares da cochonilha foram coletados em plantas de quiabeiro cultivados em horta urbana em março de 2015. Observou-se que a infestação da cochonilha ocorreu em brotos terminais, caules e frutos dessa malvácea. Ressalta-se ser esse o primeiro relato de ocorrência e infestação de P. solenopsis em quiabeiro no estado do Acre. Occurrence of Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley (Hemiptera: Pseudococcidae) in okra in Acre state, BrazilAbstract. Mealybugs are sap-sucking insects that cause weakening of plants, fruit drop, and act as vectors of pathogens and favor the occurrence of sooty mold which decreases in the photosynthetic capacity of plants. The species Phenacoccus solenopsis Tinsley is a polyphagous species and has been reported in cultivated, ornamental plants, vegetables and weeds. In the present study, the mealybug P. solenopsis was reported in okra culture in the county of Rio Branco, state of Acre, Brazil. Samples of mealybug were collected in cultivated okra plants in urban garden in March 2015. It was observed that the infestation of the mealybug occurred in terminal buds, stems and fruits of these plants. It is noteworthy that this is the first report of occurrence and infestation of P. solenopsis in Acre state.

scholarly journals First Report of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on Campanula carpatica and Schizanthus × wisetonensis in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 71-71
Author(s):  
A. Garibaldi ◽  
A. Minuto ◽  
M. L. Gullino
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
The United States ◽  
First Report ◽  
Potted Plants ◽  
Initial Symptoms ◽  
Stem Necrosis ◽  
Campanula Carpatica

The production of potted ornamental plants is very important in the Albenga Region of northern Italy, where plants are grown for export to central and northern Europe. During fall 2000 and spring 2001, sudden wilt of tussock bellflower (Campanula carpatica Jacq.) and butterfly flower (Schizanthus × wisetonensis Hort.) was observed on potted plants in a commercial greenhouse. Initial symptoms included stem necrosis at the soil line and yellowing and tan discoloration of the lower leaves. As stem necrosis progressed, infected plants growing in a peat, bark compost, and clay mixture (70-20-10) wilted and died. Necrotic tissues were covered with whitish mycelia that produced dark, spherical (2 to 6 mm diameter) sclerotia. Sclerotinia sclerotiorum was consistently recovered from symptomatic stem pieces of both plants disinfested for 1 min in 1% NaOCl and plated on potato dextrose agar amended with streptomycin sulphate at 100 ppm. Pathogenicity of three isolates obtained from each crop was confirmed by inoculating 45- to 60-day-old C. carpatica and Schizanthus × wisetonensis plants grown in containers (14 cm diameter). Inoculum that consisted of wheat kernels infested with mycelia and sclerotia of each isolate was placed on the soil surface around the base of previously artificially wounded or nonwounded plants. Noninoculated plants served as controls. All plants were maintained outdoors where temperatures ranged between 8 and 15°C. Inoculated plants developed symptoms of leaf yellowing, followed by wilt, within 7 to 10 days, while control plants remained symptomless. White mycelia and sclerotia developed on infected tissues and S. sclerotiorum was reisolated from inoculated plants. To our knowledge, this is the first report of stem blight of C. carpatica and Schizanthus × wisetonensis caused by S. sclerotiorum in Italy. The disease was previously observed on C. carpatica in Great Britain (2) and on Schizanthus sp. in the United States (1). References: (1) D. F. Farr et al. Fungi on Plants and Plant Products in the United States. The American Phytopathological Society, St. Paul, MN, 1989. (2) J. Rees. Welsh J. Agric. 1:188, 1925.

scholarly journals First Reports of Aphelenchoides fragariae on Royal Fern and on Hosta and Other Hosts in South Carolina

Plant Disease ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 84 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-593 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. R. Williamson ◽  
J. H. Blake ◽  
S. N. Jeffers ◽  
S. A. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
The South ◽  
Clemson University ◽  
First Report ◽  
Symptomatic Leaf ◽  
Aphelenchoides Fragariae ◽  
Foliar Nematode

In September 1999, royal ferns (Osmunda regalis L.) at a South Carolina wholesale nursery were found to be infected by foliar nematodes. Lesions were brown, vein-limited, and often fan shaped. As severity increased, affected leaflets became totally necrotic. Nematodes were extracted by excising and dicing symptomatic leaf sections and placing them in water for up to 24 h. Ten adult nematodes from each of two fern plants were examined microscopically and determined to be Aphelenchoides fragariae (Ritzema Bos) Christie. This is the first report of this nematode infecting royal fern. In August 1996, leaves from several cultivars of Hosta spp. with yellow to tan, vein-limited lesions were submitted from The South Carolina Botanical Garden (Clemson, SC) to the Clemson University Plant Problem Clinic for diagnosis. Nematodes were extracted and examined as described above and identified as A. fragariae. This is the first report of this nematode infecting Hosta spp. in South Carolina. Since 1996, foliar nematodes have been recovered from hostas at several wholesale nurseries in South Carolina. Aphelenchoides spp. also have been detected previously in commercially produced ornamental plants in South Carolina, including a Begonia sp. in 1988; Polygonum bistorta L. ‘Super-bum’ (snakeweed) in 1997; and a Polystichum sp. (holly fern) in 1997. All plants exhibited angular or vein-limited, necrotic lesions typical of foliar nematode infections.

scholarly journals Non-indigenous scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China: A survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trencheva ◽  
G. Trenchev ◽  
R. Tomov ◽  
S.-A. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Family

A preliminary list of non-indigenous scale insect species on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China is presented. The sampling was done between April and November, 2009, in the framework of the project “Invasive scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China”. The insects were collected in nurseries, parks, gardens, botanical collections and greenhouses. Representatives from four families have been identified in Bulgaria, the most numerous of which are the Diaspididae (eight species), Coccidae (four species), Pseudococcidae (two species) and Margarodidae (one species). Three species of non-indigenous scale insects associated with ornamental plants were collected in China, all belonging to the family Pseudococcidae. A list of alien scale insect species on ornamental plants is given, including the sampling sites, host plants on which they were found, origin and first report in both countries.

scholarly journals First Report of Erysiphe cichoracearum Infecting Hedera canariensis var. azorica in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
1999 ◽  
Vol 83 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-198
Author(s):  
C. Nali
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Powdery Mildew ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Hedera Helix ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
First Report ◽  
Erysiphe Cichoracearum ◽  
English Ivy

A powdery mildew disease of variegated ivy (Hedera canariensis L. var. azorica) was observed on the Tyrrhenian coast in Tuscany (Italy) in spring 1998. Symptoms began as small, nearly circular reddish spots that later enlarged and coalesced. The hyaline mycelium produced abundant, ellipsoid conidia in long chains that ranged from 20 to 40 μm in length and from 12 to 25 μm in width. Cleistothecia were globose (100 to 120 μm diameter), dark brown (when mature) with a basal ring of mycelioid appendages, and contained several (up to 20) ovate asci, each generally containing two ascospores. Ascospores were hyaline, one-celled, ellipsoid (20 to 35 μm in length and 10 to 20 μm in width). The morphological characteristics of this fungus were those given for Erysiphe cichoracearum DC. Infection also was found on English ivy (Hedera helix L.). It is reported that this species is, occasionally, subject to powdery mildew caused by E. cichoracearum (1). Conidia from infected leaves were shaken onto leaves of melon (Cucumis melo L.), cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), watermelon (Citrullus lanatus [Thunb.] Matsum. & Nakai), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Mill.), tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) and variegated and English ivy. After 7 days, the disease was observed on cucumber, melon, watermelon, tobacco, and variegated ivy. Examination confirmed that test plants were infected with E. cichoracearum. This is the first report of E. cichoracearum on variegated ivy in Italy. Reference: (1) P. P. Pirone. 1970. Diseases and Pests of Ornamental Plants. The Ronald Press, New York.

scholarly journals First Report of Sooty Mold Caused by Cladosporium tenuissimum on Pitaya in China

Plant Disease ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (1) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
G. Xu ◽  
F. Zheng ◽  
F. Qiu ◽  
J. Zhou ◽  
F. Q. Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Report ◽  
Sooty Mold

First Report of Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus in New Mexico

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jean E. Allen ◽  
Ivanka Kamenova ◽  
Scott Adkins ◽  
Stephen F. Hanson
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Western United States ◽  
First Report ◽  
Foliar Symptoms ◽  
Hibiscus Rosa Sinensis ◽  
Chlorotic Mottling

During the summer of 2003, foliar symptoms including chlorotic spots and chlorotic mottling were observed on Hibiscus rosa-sinensis and H. syriacus plants in and around Las Cruces, NM. Detection of Hibiscus latent Fort Pierce virus (HLFPV) in numerous samples suggests that it may be widely distributed in New Mexico, as is the case in Florida and Thailand. Movement of ornamental plants could increase the geographic distribution of HLFPV. This represents the first report of HLFPV in the western United States. Accepted for publication 22 November 2004. Published 5 January 2005.

scholarly journals First Report of Cucumber mosaic virus Subgroup IA Isolate Infecting Yucca aloifolia in Italy

Plant Disease ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 98 (9) ◽  
pp. 1284-1284 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Parrella ◽  
B. Greco
Keyword(s):  
Cucumber Mosaic Virus ◽  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Reverse Transcription ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Aphid Transmission ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Cmv Infection ◽  
Campania Region ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pcr Products

Yucca aloifolia L. (Spanish bayonet), family Asparagaceae, is the type species of the genus Yucca. It is native to Mexico and the West Indies and is appreciated worldwide as an ornamental plant. In 2013, during a survey for viruses in ornamental plants in the Campania region of southern Italy, symptoms consisting of bright chlorotic spots and ring spots 1 to 3 mm in diameter with some necrotic streaks were observed on leaves of two plants of Y. aloifolia growing in a nursery located in the Pignataro Maggiore municipality, Caserta Province. Cucumber mosaic virus (CMV) infection was suspected because the symptoms resembled those caused by CMV in Yucca flaccida (1). A range of herbal plant indicators was inoculated with sap extracts of symptomatic Y. aloifolia plants and developed symptoms indicative of CMV. Furthermore, 30 nm isometric virus particles were observed in the same Y. aloifolia sap extracts by transmission electron microscopy. The identity of the virus was confirmed by positive reaction in ELISA tests with CMV polyclonal antisera (Bioreba) conducted on sap extracts of symptomatic Y. aloifolia plants and systemically infected symptomatic hosts (i.e., Nicotiana tabacum, N. glutinosa, Cucumber sativus cv. Marketer, Solanum lycopersicum cv. San Marzano). The presence of CMV in the two naturally infected Y. aloifolia and other mechanically inoculated plants was further verified by reverse transcription (RT)-PCR. Total RNAs were extracted with the E.Z.N.A. Plant RNA Kit (Omega Bio-Tek), according to the manufacturer's instructions. RT-PCR was carried out with the ImProm-II Reverse Transcription System first-strand synthesis reaction (Promega) using the primer pair CMV1 and CMV2 (2). These primers amplify part of the CP gene and part of the 3′-noncoding region of CMV RNA3 and were designed to produce amplicons of different sizes to distinguish CMV isolates belonging to subgroups I or II (3). RT-PCR products were obtained from both naturally infected Y. aloifolia and mechanically inoculated plants as well as from PAE1 isolate of CMV (2), used as positive control, but not from healthy plants. Based on the length of the amplicons obtained (487 bp), the CMV isolate from Y. aloifolia (named YAL) belonged to subgroup I (3). The amplified RT-PCR products were purified with QIAquick PCR Purification Kit (Qiagen), cloned in the pGEMT vector (Promega), and three independent clones were sequenced at MWG (Ebersberg, Germany). Sequences obtained from the two CMV-infected Y. aloifolia plants were identical. This sequence was deposited at GenBank (Accession No. HG965199). Multiple alignments of the YAL sequence with sequences of other CMV isolates using MEGA5 software revealed highest percentage of identity (98.9%) with the isolates Z (AB369269) and SO (AF103992) from Korea and Japan, respectively. Moreover, the YAL isolate was identified as belonging to subgroup IA, based on the presence of only one HpaII restriction site in the 487-bp sequence, as previously proposed (2). Although CMV seems to not be a major threat currently for the production of Y. aloifolia, because the farming of this plant is performed using vegetative propagation, particular attention should be given to the presence of the virus in donor mother plants in order to avoid the dispersion of infected plants that could serve as sources for aphid transmission to other susceptible plant species. To our knowledge, this is the first report of CMV infection of Y. aloifolia in the world. References: (1) I. Bouwen et al. Neth. J. Plant Pathol. 84:175, 1978. (2) G. Parrella and D. Sorrentino. J. Phytopathol. 157:762, 2009. (3) Z. Singh et al. Plant Dis. 79:713, 1995.

scholarly journals First Report of Occurrence of Verticillium Wilt on Some Ornamental Trees in Sicily

Plant Disease ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 85 (8) ◽  
pp. 924-924
Author(s):  
G. Polizzi ◽  
A. Vitale ◽  
V. Catara
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
First Report ◽  
Pathogenicity Tests ◽  
Pepper Tree ◽  
Bauhinia Purpurea ◽  
Ficus Microcarpa ◽  
Brazilian Pepper ◽  
Ornamental Trees ◽  
Verticillium Dahliae Kleb

In July 1998, a widespread lethal collapse of butterfly tree (Bauhinia purpurea L.), puka tree (Meryta sinclairii Hook.), Indian laurel (Ficus microcarpa L.), golden rain tree (Koelreuteria paniculata Laxm.), and Brazilian pepper tree (Schinus terebinthifolius Raddi.) has been observed in an ornamental growing area near Catania in eastern Sicily. The diseased plants showed yellowing of the leaves and twig dieback. In cross sections of infected trunks, roots, twigs or shoots, characteristic discoloration of xylem vessels was observed, resembling a vascular wilt disease. The disease was chronic with a lingering decline progressing for years. The isolate that was consistently recovered from diseased tissues on PDA was identified as Verticillium dahliae Kleb., based on verticillate conidiophores with phialides and conidia and melanized microsclerotia. Pathogenicity tests were performed on 4- to 6-month-old seedlings of all five ornamental plants by inoculating a suspension of the fungus (1). Symptoms were observed after 5 to 7 months, and V. dahliae was reisolated, confirming Koch's postulates. To our knowledge this is the first report of V. dahliae on Indian laurel, golden rain tree, and Brazilian pepper tree in Italy, and the first report of the disease on butterfly tree and puka tree. Reference: H. A. Melouk and C. E. Horner. Phytopathology 65:767, 1975.

scholarly journals Urban Gardening as a Multifunctional Tool to Increase Social Sustainability in the City

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alisa Koroļova ◽  
Sandra Treija
Keyword(s):  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Social Sustainability ◽  
Urban Regeneration ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sustainable Urban Development ◽  
Societal Issues ◽  
Urban Garden ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Urban Gardening ◽  
The City

Abstract The concept of urban gardening varies a lot in terms of gardening forms and main purposes. Followed by changes in people life style, growing interest in healthy living and sustainable urban development, the aims of urban gardening become more complex. The product of urban garden, e. g. vegetables or ornamental plants, nowadays plays less important role, as the main focus is on societal issues, urban regeneration, education and health. Thus, this article provides evidence of multi-functionality of urban gardening to address the variety of societal issues across people of different age and cultural background. Case studies from Malmo, Birmingham and Riga show how urban gardening contributes to social integration, inhabitants’ well-being and urban regeneration.

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