scholarly journals Non-indigenous scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China: A survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 114 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Trencheva ◽  
G. Trenchev ◽  
R. Tomov ◽  
S.-A. Wu
Keyword(s):  
Host Plants ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
First Report ◽  
The Family

A preliminary list of non-indigenous scale insect species on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China is presented. The sampling was done between April and November, 2009, in the framework of the project “Invasive scale insects on ornamental plants in Bulgaria and China”. The insects were collected in nurseries, parks, gardens, botanical collections and greenhouses. Representatives from four families have been identified in Bulgaria, the most numerous of which are the Diaspididae (eight species), Coccidae (four species), Pseudococcidae (two species) and Margarodidae (one species). Three species of non-indigenous scale insects associated with ornamental plants were collected in China, all belonging to the family Pseudococcidae. A list of alien scale insect species on ornamental plants is given, including the sampling sites, host plants on which they were found, origin and first report in both countries.

scholarly journals New scale insects (Homoptera: Coccinea) from the Cape Floristic Region

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilya A. Gavrilov-Zimin ◽  
Philipp E. Chetverikov
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Western Cape ◽  
Western Cape Province ◽  
The Family

Three new scale insect species, Coccidohystrix daedalea Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov., Mirococcopsis ptilura Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov. (both from the family Pseudococcidae) and Cryptinglisia millari Gavrilov-Zimin sp. nov. (family Coccidae), are described and illustrated from the Western Cape Province of South Africa.

scholarly journals The Inventory of Scale Insects (Hemiptera, Coccoidea) Associated With Olive Tree in North of Tunisia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naceur gharbi
Keyword(s):  
Olive Tree ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
The Family ◽  
Olive Groves ◽  
First Time

Abstract Background: This study was realized for more than four years (from 2014 to 2018) in olive groves of northern Tunisian governorates. Scale insect samples were collected from leaves, stems and fruits.Results: An annotated list of 22 scale insect species has been recorded. These species divided into 4 families. The family Diaspididae is the most species-rich, with 14 species in 9 genera; Coccidae contains 4 species in 3 genera; Pseudococcidae contains 3 species in 3 genera; and Asterolecaniidae contains 1 species in 1 genus.Conclusions: This paper contains 3 species recorded for the first time in the Tunisian fauna: Saissetia coffeae (Walker), Diaspidiotus ostreaeformis (Curtis) and Lepidosaphes conchiformis (Gmelin).

scholarly journals Transmission of Grapevine leafroll-associated virus-1 (Ampelovirus) and Grapevine virus A (Vitivirus) by the Cottony Grape Scale, Pulvinaria vitis (Hemiptera: Coccidae)

Viruses ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2081
Author(s):  
Gérard Hommay ◽  
Antoine Alliaume ◽  
Catherine Reinbold ◽  
Etienne Herrbach
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Grapevine Virus ◽  
First Report ◽  
Grapevine Virus A ◽  
Controlled Conditions

The cottony grape scale Pulvinaria vitis is a scale insect colonizing grapevine; however, its capacity as a vector of grapevine viruses is poorly known in comparison to other scale species that are vectors of viral species in the genera Ampelovirus and Vitivirus. The ability of P. vitis to transmit the ampeloviruses Grapevine leafroll-associated viruses [GLRaV]−1, −3, and −4, and the vitivirus Grapevine virus A (GVA), to healthy vine cuttings was assessed. The scale insects used originated from commercial vine plots located in Alsace, Eastern France. When nymphs sampled from leafroll-infected vineyard plants were transferred onto healthy cuttings, only one event of transmission was obtained. However, when laboratory-reared, non-viruliferous nymphs were allowed to acquire viruses under controlled conditions, both first and second instar nymphs derived from two vineyards were able to transmit GLRaV−1 and GVA. This is the first report of GLRaV−1 and GVA transmission from grapevine to grapevine by this species.

A checklist of Indonesian scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha)

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 5016 (2) ◽  
pp. 151-195
Author(s):  
AGUSTIN ZARKANI ◽  
DWINARDI APRIYANTO ◽  
FERIT TURANLI ◽  
CANSU ERCAN ◽  
MEHMET BORA KAYDAN
Keyword(s):  
Scale Insect ◽  
The Other ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Herbaceous Plants ◽  
The Family ◽  
Complete Study ◽  
Insect Group

Scale insects (Hemiptera: Sternorryncha: Coccomorpha) are a very important insect group containing numerous pests of woody and herbaceous plants worldwide. The only complete study of any scale insects in Indonesia was by D.J. Williams on the mealybugs (Pseudococcidae sensu lato), published in 2004; the other scale insect families have only been documented in various small publications. Here we provide a complete checklist of the scale insects of Indonesia, which now contains 364 species belonging to 136 genera in 16 families. The family Diaspididae is the most diverse, with 158 species belonging to 44 genera, followed by Pseudococcidae with 105 species belonging to 32 genera, and Coccidae with 65 species belonging to 22 genera. The other families are, in order of size: Monophlebidae (26 species belonging to 9 genera), Rhizoecidae (12 species belonging to 4 genera), Asterolecaniidae (11 species belonging to 5 genera), Leconodiaspidae (7 species belonging to 3 genera), Cerococcidae (5 species belonging to 3 genera), Xenococcidae (5 species belonging to 2 genera), Ortheziidae (4 species belonging to 3 genera), Eriococcidae (4 species belonging to 2 genera), Aclerdidae (2 species belonging to 1 genus), and Kermesidae (1 species belonging to 1 genus).  

scholarly journals Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) of Espírito Santo, Brazil

2007 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 61-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Paul Culik ◽  
David dos Santos Martins ◽  
José Aires Ventura ◽  
Ana Lúcia Benfatti Gonzalez Peronti ◽  
Penny Jean Gullan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
First Record ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Espírito Santo ◽  
Pseudococcus Longispinus ◽  
Coccus Viridis ◽  
Phenacoccus Madeirensis ◽  
Espirito Santo ◽  
First Time

New plant hosts are recorded for nine scale insect species recently collected in Espírito Santo, Brazil, and eleven scale insect species are recorded for the first time from the state: Ceroplastes floridensis Comstock, Coccus longulus (Douglas), Coccus viridis (Green), Eucalymnatus tesselatus (Signoret), Pseudokermes sp., Saissetia coffeae (Walker), Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Pseudococcus jackbeardsleyi Gimpel & Miller, Pseudococcus longispinus (Targioni Tozzetti), Icerya purchasi Maskell, and Icerya genistae Hempel. This is also the first record of Co. longulus in Brazil. Information on the host plants and geographic distribution of the 26 species of scale insects of the families Coccidae, Pseudococcidae, Ortheziidae, and Monophlebidae, currently known from Espírito Santo is provided.

scholarly journals Review of the direct and indirect effects of warming and drought on scale insect pests of forest systems

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven D Frank
Keyword(s):  
Population Growth ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Indirect Effects ◽  
Insect Pests ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Direct And Indirect Effects ◽  
Tree Quality

Abstract Higher temperatures and drought are key aspects of global change with the potential to alter the distribution and severity of many arthropod pests in forest systems. Scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccoidea) infest many tree species and are among the most important pests of trees in urban and rural forests, plantations and other forest systems. Infestations of native or exotic scale insects can kill or sicken trees with economic and ecosystem-wide consequences. Warming can have direct effects on the life history, fitness and population dynamics of many scale insect species by increasing development rate, survival or fecundity. These direct benefits can increase the geographic distribution of scale insects and their consequences for tree health. Warming and drought can affect scale insects indirectly by altering the quality of their host trees. Additive or interactive effects of warming and drought can change tree quality in such a way that it increases scale insect fitness and population growth. However, the effects are species- and context-dependent with some scale insect species negatively affected by drought-induced changes in tree quality. Warming and drought are often coincident in urban forests and predicted to co-occur in many parts of the world under climate change scenarios. The individual and interactive effects of these factors require further research to inform predictions and management of scale insect pests. Warming also indirectly affects scale insects by altering interactions with natural enemies. This includes changes in natural enemy phenology, community composition and abundance. In addition, warming can alter scale insect phenology or voltinism causing asynchrony with natural enemies or population growth too rapid for natural enemies to suppress. Direct and indirect effects of warming and drought on scale insects can increase the potential for some exotic species to become established and for some native species to become invasive. Unfortunately, much research on scale insects is confined to a few particularly important native or exotic pests which limits our ability to predict the effects of warming on many current or potential pests. More research is required to understand how warming and drought affect scale insects, scale insect management and the forest systems they inhabit.

scholarly journals Novel chlamydiae in whiteflies and scale insects: endosymbionts ‘Candidatus Fritschea bemisiae’ strain Falk and ‘Candidatus Fritschea eriococci’ strain Elm

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 1581-1587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin D. E. Everett ◽  
MyLo Thao ◽  
Matthias Horn ◽  
Glen E. Dyszynski ◽  
Paul Baumann
Keyword(s):  
Dna Analysis ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Gene Signature ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bemisia Argentifolii ◽  
Plant Feeding ◽  
The Family ◽  
Signature Sequences

Bacteria called ‘Fritschea’ are endosymbionts of the plant-feeding whitefly Bemisia tabaci and scale insect Eriococcus spurius. In the gut of B. tabaci, these bacteria live within bacteriocyte cells that are transmitted directly from the parent to oocytes. Whiteflies cause serious economic damage to many agricultural crops; B. tabaci fecundity and host range are less than those of Bemisia argentifolii, possibly due to the presence of this endosymbiont. The B. tabaci endosymbiont has been characterized using electron microscopy and DNA analysis but has not been isolated or propagated outside of insects. The present study compared sequences for 11 endosymbiont genes to genomic data for chlamydial families Parachlamydiaceae, Chlamydiaceae and Simkaniaceae and to 16S rRNA gene signature sequences from 330 chlamydiae. We concluded that it was appropriate to propose ‘Candidatus Fritschea bemisiae’ strain Falk and ‘Candidatus Fritschea eriococci’ strain Elm as members of the family Simkaniaceae in the Chlamydiales.

scholarly journals Scale Insect Records from Ornamental Plants Help to Prioritize Plant Health Resource Development

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 278-287
Author(s):  
William E. Klingeman ◽  
Juang-Horng Chong ◽  
Carrie Harmon ◽  
Lisa Ames ◽  
Anthony V. LeBude ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Carolina ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Resource Development ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
Identification Accuracy ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Pest Species ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Management Actions

Estimates about which scale insect species are most frequently encountered in U.S. landscapes and commercial production systems are largely anecdotal. This survey of records maintained across about 15 years within the National Plant Diagnostic Network (NPDN) National Data Repository (NDR) returned information from 10,671 records of 192 scale insect species and 23 suspected species that were associated with ornamental plants. This broad species diversity challenges our ability to effectively train diagnosticians, can confound species identification accuracy, and impedes outreach efforts and resource development. To help focus future efforts in the development of outreach resources and diagnostic training guides, lists were assembled that identified the 60 top-ranked soft, armored, mealybug, and other scale insect taxa most frequently diagnosed within NDR records. Diagnostic service records from Georgia, North Carolina, South Carolina, and Tennessee provided more extensive information regarding sites or client types from which submitted samples originated. Results are being used to develop web-based, image-rich guides to key scale insect taxa in the southeastern United States that will explain life cycles, behaviors, and biology for pest species. These web-based guides can be exploited to optimize pest management actions.

scholarly journals Filcavost listavcev (Septobasidium marianii Bres.): spregledana bolezen sadnega drevja v Sloveniji

2019 ◽  
Vol 113 (2) ◽  
pp. 329
Author(s):  
Barbara PIŠKUR ◽  
Dušan JURC
Keyword(s):  
Disease Control ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
River Valley ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Pyrus Pyrifolia ◽  
European Pear ◽  
First Report ◽  
Mutualistic Symbiosis ◽  
Host Trees

We report the finding of the disease of pear (Pyrus communis ‘Konferans’, ‘Abate Fetel’) and nashi trees (Pyrus pyrifolia ‘Hosui’) in the Soča river valley in the westernmost part of Slovenia (E:13.58844°, N: 46.04117°). On healthy and moribund branches of host trees, the fungus Septobasidium marianii Bres. was identified with morphological and molecular methods. In the basidiomes colonies of European pear scale (Epidiaspis leperii (Signoret 1869)) were observed. Mutualistic symbiosis formed by the fungus and the scale insects is explained and the characteristics of felt disease affecting host plants is described. Listed are the disease control measures recommended in the literature. The article is the first report of the occurrence of felt disease in Slovenia.

scholarly journals Scale insect species (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) and their natural enemies, recorded on agricultural, ornamental and forest plant species in the wider area of Messenian Province (Peloponnese, Greece), 2000 – 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-64
Author(s):  
G.J. Stathas ◽  
E.D. Kartsonas ◽  
A.I. Darras ◽  
P.J. Skouras
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Scale Insect ◽  
Scale Insects ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Aonidiella Aurantii ◽  
Phenacoccus Madeirensis ◽  
Forest Plant Species ◽  
Chrysomphalus Aonidum ◽  
Protopulvinaria Pyriformis

Summary The scale insects (Hemiptera: Coccomorpha) recorded on agricultural, ornamental and forest plant species in the wider area of Messenian Province (Peloponnese, Greece) during the years 2000 – 2020 are reviewed. Twenty species were recorded, which belong to four families: Diaspididae: Aonidiella aurantii (Maskell), Chrysomphalus aonidum (L.), Diaspis echinocacti (Bouché), Dynaspidiotus abieticola (Koroneos), D. abietis (Schrank), Lepidosaphes beckii (Newman), L. gloverii (Packard), Lineaspis striata (Newstead), Targionia vitis (Signoret); Coccidae: Ceroplastes rusci (L.), Eulecanium sericeum (Lindinger), Nemolecanium graniformis (Wünn), Parthenolecanium corni (Bouché), P. persicae (Fabricius), Physokermes hemicryphus (Dalman), P. inopinatus Danzig and Kozár, Protopulvinaria pyriformis (Cockerell); Pseudococcidae: Phenacoccus madeirensis Green, Planococcus vovae (Nasonov) and Kermesidae: Kermes echinatus Balachowsky. The biology, phenology and natural enemies in Messenia are discussed for fifteen of these scale species.

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