scholarly journals Local Adaptation Without Work Intensification: Experimentalist Governance of Digital Technology for Mutually Beneficial Role Reconfiguration in Organizations

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine C. Kellogg
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Central Unit ◽  
Beneficial Role ◽  
Loss Of Autonomy ◽  
Technology Introduction ◽  
Work Intensification ◽  
Experimentalist Governance ◽  
Action Process

This 1.5-year ethnographic study of a U.S. medical center shows that avoiding loss of autonomy and work intensification for less powerful actors during digital technology introduction and integration presents a multisited collective action challenge. I found that technology-related participation problems, threshold problems, and free rider problems may arise during digital technology introduction and integration that enable loss of autonomy and work intensification for less powerful actors. However, the emergence of new triangles of power allows for novel coalitions between less powerful actors and newly powerful third-party actors that can help mitigate this problem. I extend the political science perspective of experimentalist governance to examine how a digital technology-focused, iterative collective action process of local experimentation followed by central revision can facilitate mutually beneficial role reconfiguration during digital technology introduction and integration. In experimentalist governance of digital technology, local units are given discretion to adapt digital technologies to their specific contexts. A central unit composed of diverse actors then reviews progress across local units integrating similar digital technology to negotiate a new shared understanding of mutually beneficial technology-related tasks for each group of actors. The central unit modifies both local routines and the technology itself in response to problems and possibilities revealed by the central revision process, and the cycle repeats. Here, accomplishing mutually beneficial role reconfiguration occurs through an experimentalist, collective action process rather than through a labor-management bargaining process or a professional-led tuning process.

scholarly journals Nursing in Times of Neoliberal Change: An Ethnographic Study of Nurses’ Experiences of Work Intensification

2013 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca Selberg
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Public Management ◽  
New Public Management ◽  
Medical Profession ◽  
Resource Depletion ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Care Work ◽  
New Public ◽  
Work Intensification ◽  
And Performance

Through an ethnographic study of nurses’ experiences of work intensification, this article shows how nurses respond to and act upon neoliberal transformations of work. The article identifies and explores those transformations considered by the informants, nurses working in public sector hospital wards, as central to changing conditions of work and experiences of work intensifications. It further analyzes nurses’ responses toward these transformations and locates these responses within a particular form of femininity evolving from rationalities of care, nurses’ conditions within the organization, and classed and gendered experiences of care work. The article illustrates that in times of neoliberal change and public sector resource depletion, nurses respond to women’s traditional caring responsibilities as well as to professional commitments and cover for the organization. Maintaining the level of frontline service is contingent on increased exploitation and performance control of ward nurses, and their ability and willingness to sacrifice their own time and health for the sake of their patients. The article argues that in the case of ward nurses in the Swedish public sector, work intensification is a multilayered process propelled by three intersecting forces: austerity ideology linked to the neoliberal transformation of the welfare state and public sector retrenchment; explicit care rationalities impelled by aspirations of the nursing profession to establish, render visible, and expand the nursing field both in relation to the medical profession and in relation to so-called unskilled care work performed by assistant nurses and auxiliaries; and the progressive aspect of New Public Management, which challenges the power and authority of the professions and contributes to strengthening the positions of clients and patients.

scholarly journals It makes you make the time: ‘Obligatory’ leisure, work intensification and allotment gardening

Ethnography ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 360-378 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abigail Schoneboom
Keyword(s):  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Paid Work ◽  
Normative Structure ◽  
Wage Labour ◽  
Fertile Soil ◽  
Paid Employment ◽  
Work Intensification ◽  
Sense Of Obligation

This ethnographic study of busy allotment-holders explores the juxtaposition of time spent on the allotment with paid employment and caregiving. Highlighting the recent surge in allotment demand among professionals such as nurses and educators, the article examines the seeming contradiction of adding a very time-consuming responsibility onto an already packed schedule. It shows how the allotment’s normative structure creates a sense of obligation, helping busy professionals make the time to explore what most pleases. The research is informed by the idea that paid work continually extends its reach and that leisure is caught up in the dynamics of intensification. It suggests instrumental use of the allotment in ways that are functional for wage labour, yet it also argues that contemporary leisure has been over-characterized as an extension of internalized control and urges closer attention to the allotment as fertile soil for the post-work imaginary.

scholarly journals Digital technology and the subjects of literacy and mathematics in the preschool atelier

2021 ◽  
pp. 146394912098348
Author(s):  
Lena O Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Sociocultural Theory ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Analytical Approach ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Children's Play ◽  
Mathematics Literacy ◽  
Art Activities ◽  
And Mathematics ◽  
Children's Activities

In this article, the focus is on the entangled relations between digital technology, art activities, mathematics, literacy and children in Swedish preschool ateliers. As part of an ethnographic study, the researcher follows how children use digital technologies and non-digital materials (such as shells, pens, paper, wood, bubble wrap and light) to create and make the visual and aesthetic aspects of the technology seen. In the analysis of the children’s play-based and art-oriented activities in the atelier, the subjects of literacy and mathematics become visible. The analytical approach includes the use of sociocultural theory and multimodal theory, and looking at mathematics in accordance with the six organising principles described by Alan Bishop. The results show that the children’s activities with digital technology and non-digital artefacts appear to activate, expand and transform their understanding and use of literacy and mathematics.

‘Look, my name! I can write’ – Literacy events and digital technology in the preschool atelier

2021 ◽  
pp. 146879842110589
Author(s):  
Lena O Magnusson
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Education ◽  
Oral Language ◽  
Digital Technology ◽  
Literacy Practices ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Reggio Emilia ◽  
Sociocultural Perspective ◽  
Literacy Events ◽  
Childhood Education

This article explores and displays some of the literacy events taking place in the context of early childhood education in Sweden. More specifically, the literacy events are part of the educational practices in the atelier of Reggio Emilia inspired preschools in Sweden. As parts of an ethnographic study of aesthetic activities, including digital technology, these literacy events awoke the researcher’s interest. The literacy events are analysed from a sociocultural perspective reinforced by the use of multimodal theory. The results show how the literacy events in the ateliers become playful explorations. The children use the atelier’s specific cultural and social potentiality to explore and develop written and oral language as part of the visual and aesthetic literacy practices taking place there.

scholarly journals Violence, Self-Worth, Solidarity and Stigma: How a Dissident, Far-Right Group Solves the Collective Action Problem

2016 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 373-390 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Meadowcroft ◽  
Elizabeth A Morrow
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Collective Action Problem ◽  
Club Goods ◽  
Group Solidarity ◽  
Street Protest ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
Selective Incentives ◽  
The Uk

How do dissident, far-right groups overcome the collective action problem inherent to political organisation in order to recruit sufficient activists willing to bear the costs of participation and not free-ride on the participation of others? An original ethnographic study of the UK anti-Islamic street protest organisation, the English Defence League, shows that it solved the collective action problem by supplying selective incentives to members in the form of the club goods of access to violence, increased self-worth and group solidarity. These benefits were offset against the costs of stigma, time, money and unwanted police attention that also accompanied English Defence League membership. The personal benefits the English Defence League provided to its members enabled it to supply what Mancur Olson has termed the first unit of collective action, but limited its ability to supply the additional units required to build a broader, more mainstream movement.

Digital Technology and Pilgrimage: Shiʿi Rituals of Arbaʿin in Iraq

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 82-106
Author(s):  
Babak Rahimi ◽  
Mohsen Amin
Keyword(s):  
Digital Technology ◽  
Digital Technologies ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Virtual Spaces ◽  
Shared Experiences ◽  
Ritual Action ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Invasion Of Iraq

Since the collapse of the Baʿathist regime after the U.S.-led invasion of Iraq in 2003, Shiʿi Muslim rituals, in particular the annual commemorations of Arbaʿin, have seen a revival in popularity. Based on two fieldwork studies conducted during Arbaʿin in 2016 and 2017, the present study attempts to examine the changing characteristics of the rituals. It does so by studying the increasing digitization of Arbaʿin as a commemorative pilgrimage to Karbala, Iraq, to the shrine of the Prophet’s grandson, Imam Husayn. This ethnographic study argues for a mediated conception of Arbaʿin pilgrimage in that digital technologies serve as an embodied site of interaction in shaping shared experiences based on networked sociability. Examining the intimate connections between “physical” and “virtual” spaces, as in the case of Mawakib or gatherings shaped in the form of temporary lodgings in the course of walking processions, the study argues that various uses of digital technologies for pilgrimage are less about means of devotional expression than a series of experiences of digital significance. The paper makes the final argument that the digital practices embedded in ritual processions are acted upon to enhance experience, which increasingly fuses technology with ritual action.

La dynamique des manifestations violentes

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 325-350 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. A. Frank
Keyword(s):  
Collective Action ◽  
Political Status ◽  
Action Process ◽  
Police Forces

AbstractThis article examines several major demonstrations that turned violent, with particular emphasis on the organization of the groups, their political status, their objectives, the style of action of the participating groups and the actions of the police forces. After examining how these factors combined to affect the dynamics of the collective action process in each of the incidents, a series of hypotheses is drawn up charting the relationships between these factors in order to establish some hypotheses about the causes of violent outcomes during demonstrations.

scholarly journals Social Capital Function of Community of Tuban Literacy for Collective Action Building Cultural Literacy in Tuban District

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Afdolu Nasikin
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Formal Education ◽  
Cultural Literacy ◽  
Low Literacy ◽  
The Social ◽  
Reading Culture ◽  
Action Process ◽  
Youth Community

The low literacy culture is a problem that should be our responsibility. Thus, the solution is not only based on formal education, but also paying attention to environmental factors. Because the environment is one of the factors that influence society's habits or interests. So literacy-based social movements should be considered. This study aims to examine the social capital in community of Tuban Literacy and its function to collective action taken to build a youth reading culture in Tuban district. This research takes case study to community of Tuban Literacy. Community Tuban Literacy is a youth community that is engaged to cultivate youth literacy culture in Tuban district. The methodology used in this study is qualitative design with data collection method through observations and in-depth interviews that aim to obtain specific data related to social capital and collective action process undertaken by community Tuban Literacy. Based on the analysis, the social capital of community of Tuban Literacy has a significant effect on collective action. The collective action in the form of activities is Lapak Baca, Tadarus Books, Nggacor sak mbledose, Tour to School, Writing Competition, Cangkruk'an Literacy, Ngamen Literacy, Reading Tree, and Pesantren Literacy. These activities are able to attract teenagers to participate in every community of Tuban Literacy activity. The average ability of young people to read in the community of Tuban Literacy is at the level of literacy. Thus, the output produced is a lot of teenagers whose intensity of reading increases and leads to critical thinking. Keywords: Community, Social Capital, Collective Action, Literacy Culture

scholarly journals Emotional Transition in Social Movements. The PAH Case

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Ferran Giménez Azagra
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Focus Groups ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Home Foreclosure ◽  
Political Project ◽  
Emotional Transition ◽  
Hearts And Minds ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Participatory Observation

We find that some fractured societies, in grappling with Neo-Liberalism as a political project, embark on an emotional transition to win hearts and minds for new, fairer policies to tackle inequalities.Thus, there are ’affective spaces’ facilitating this emotional transition, thereby allowing the building of collective action. For these spaces to work well, they must be configured as chains of interactionrituals, which use emotional transformation to drive social change.This paper is based on a documental analysis and an ethnographic study carried out between 2013 and 2018 in several assemblies of and actions taken by the PAH (a platform for those affected by home foreclosure) in several Catalan municipalities. It was conducted by participatory observation, focus groups and in-depth interviews with activists.

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