Increasing the Level of Abstraction as a Strategy for Accelerating the Adoption of Complex Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-61
Author(s):  
Willy C. Shih
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Know How ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Management Literature ◽  
Push Forward ◽  
Cumulative Innovation

Many new technologies are complex and embody high levels of technical sophistication, and applying them should require significant knowledge and experience. Yet, the rapid adoption and incorporation of these technologies into other innovations seems inconsistent with the expertise needed to make them work. In this paper, we propose increasing levels of abstraction as a strategy for speeding the adoption of new technologies. Higher-level abstractions package complexity in ways that makes them easier to understand and recombine, and they decrease the resources needed by firms to deploy sophisticated technical know-how. Increasing the level of abstraction is a way to push forward the innovative frontier by making such difficult-to-use technologies readily accessible to other innovators. Although this framing has been used in engineering and software development to describe modular encapsulation and cumulative innovation, we propose its use in the management literature to describe more broadly the uptake of new technologies and their facile recombination. This framing casts a different light on cumulative innovation and exposes new managerial questions to explore

Batch-based agile program management approach for coordinating IT multi-project concurrent development

2021 ◽  
pp. 1063293X2110152
Author(s):  
Qing Yang ◽  
Yingxin Bi ◽  
Qinru Wang ◽  
Tao Yao
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Program Management ◽  
Agile Development ◽  
Management Approach ◽  
Development Projects ◽  
Project Development ◽  
Concurrent Development ◽  
Communication And Coordination ◽  
Development Practice

Software development projects have undergone remarkable changes with the arrival of agile development approaches. Many firms are facing a need to use these approaches to manage entities consisting of multiple projects (i.e. programs) simultaneously and efficiently. New technologies such as big data provide a huge power and rich demand for the IT application system of the commercial bank which has the characteristics of multiple sub-projects, strong inter-project correlation, and numerous project participating teams. Hence, taking the IT program management of a bank in China as a case, we explore the methods to solve the problems in multi-project concurrent development practice through integrating the ideas of program and batch management. First, to coordinate the multi-project development process, this paper presents the batch-based agile program management approach that synthesizes concurrent engineering with agile methods. And we compare the application of batch management between software development projects and manufacturing process. Further, we analyze the concurrent multi-project development practice in the batch-based agile program management, including the overlapping between stages, individual project’s activities, and multiple projects based on common resources and environment to stimulate the knowledge transfer. Third, to facilitate the communication and coordination of batch-based program management, we present the double-level responsibility organizational structure of batch management.

Intuitive, digitale Strukturlayoutplanung*/Intuitive digital planning of structure layouts – Overcoming the challenges of disruptive production programs in the automotive industry

2018 ◽  
Vol 108 (09) ◽  
pp. 611-616
Author(s):  
S. F. Schäfer ◽  
U. Bracht
Keyword(s):  
Automotive Industry ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Know How ◽  
Digital Planning ◽  
The Future ◽  
Factory Of The Future ◽  
Future Technologies ◽  
The Impact

Zukünftige Antriebstechnologien sowie neue Fabrik- und Logistikkonzepte verändern die Rahmenbedingungen der Automobilproduktion grundlegend. Schon heute muss die Strukturlayoutplanung Innovationen und Unsicherheiten in Form von mehr Varianten, abgestimmt in sehr kurzer Zeit, durch die Einbeziehung von weiteren Know-how-Trägern berücksichtigen. Neue Herausforderungen, wie die Planung der Batteriefertigungen, müssen schnell und intuitiv gelöst werden. Einen Beitrag dafür liefert dieser Artikel.   Future technologies in automotive mobility as well as new factory and logistic concepts are changing the framework in car production. Innovations and uncertainties (e. g. the impact of new technologies) have to be taken in consideration for the factory of the future. New tasks, such as planning the assembly of batteries, need to be solved fast and intuitively. This paper presents an approach to this topic.

scholarly journals LOS ADOLESCENTES Y EL USO DE LAS REDES SOCIALES

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 571 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ángela Del Barrio Fernández ◽  
Isabel Ruiz Fernández
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Redes Sociales ◽  
Know How ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Professional Environment ◽  
Critical Issues ◽  
Nuevas Tecnologías ◽  
Quality Of Living

Abstract:This paper presents some results obtained from a wider research on critical issues related to “adolescents and new technologies”. Given the complexity of factors that surrounds the lives of our adolescents in modern society and the complexity of society itself, we considered it interesting to investigate ICTs and its influence on our adolescents. ICTs are supposed to contribute in an important way to improve our quality of living, both in the personal environment and in the professional environment, although in some cases we are seeing that this is not the case. For this reason, and in the context of Secondary Education, it is important part to know how pupils use ICTs and how ICTs are employed in education. Specifically, the data analyzed are related to the usage of social networks by students of ESO and 1º Bachelor in Cantabria.Resumen:En este trabajo se presentan algunos de los resultados obtenidos en una investigación más amplia sobre aspectos cruciales relativos a “los adolescentes y las nuevas tecnologías”. Dada la complejidad de factores que rodea la vida de nuestros jóvenes en la sociedad actual, igualmente compleja, que nos ha tocado vivir; nos pareció relevante investigar el tema de las TIC y su influencia en la vida de nuestros adolescentes. Se supone que las nuevas tecnologías contribuyen de manera importante a mejorar nuestra calidad de vida, tanto en lo personal como en lo profesional, aunque en algunos casos estamos viendo que no siempre es así. Por ello, cuando nos referimos a los alumnos de la Educación Secundaria entendemos que lo importante, es saber cómo las utilizan y cómo las TIC intervienen en la formación de la persona. En concreto, los datos que aquí se analizan, se refieren a algunos aspectos relacionados con el uso de las Redes Sociales de los alumnos de la ESO y 1º de Bachillerato de la Comunidad Autónoma de Cantabria.Palabras clave: Internet, Redes Sociales, TIC, Adolescencia

scholarly journals Proposed T-Model to cover 4S quality metrics based on empirical study of root cause of software failures

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 1122
Author(s):  
Dheeraj Chhillar ◽  
Kalpana Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Software Project ◽  
Functional Requirements ◽  
Software Failures ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
Software Development Model ◽  
Software Development Methodologies ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Over Time

<span>There are various root causes of software failures. Few years ago, software used to fail mainly due to functionality related bugs. That used to happen due to requirement misunderstanding, code issues and lack of functional testing. A lot of work has been done in past on this and software engineering has matured over time, due to which software’s hardly fail due to functionality related bugs. To understand the most recent failures, we had to understand the recent software development methodologies and technologies. In this paper we have discussed background of technologies and testing progression over time. A survey of more than 50 senior IT professionals was done to understand root cause of their software project failures. It was found that most of the softwares fail due to lack of testing of non-functional parameters these days. A lot of research was also done to find most recent and most severe software failures. Our study reveals that main reason of software failures these days is lack of testing of non-functional requirements. Security and Performance parameters mainly constitute non-functional requirements of software. It has become more challenging these days due to lots of development in the field of new technologies like Internet of things (IoT), Cloud of things (CoT), Artificial Intelligence, Machine learning, robotics and excessive use of mobile and technology in everything by masses. Finally, we proposed a software development model called as T-model to ensure breadth and depth of software is considered while designing and testing of software. </span>

Validation of Function Pruning Rules Through Similarity at Three Levels of Abstraction

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W. Caldwell ◽  
Gregory M. Mocko
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Design ◽  
Clustering Algorithm ◽  
Controlled Vocabulary ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Conceptual Level ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Similarity Metric ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Design By Analogy ◽  
Function Models

Function modeling is often used in the conceptual design phase as an approach to capture a form-independent purpose of a product. Previous research uses a repository of reverse-engineered function models to support conceptual-based design tools, such as similarity and design-by-analogy. These models, however, are created at a different level of abstraction than models created in conceptual design for new products. In this paper, a set of pruning rules is developed to generate an abstract, conceptual-level model from a reverse-engineered function model. The conceptual-level models are compared to two additional levels of abstraction that are available in a design repository. The abstract models developed through the pruning rules are tested using a similarity metric to understand their usefulness in conceptual design. The similarity of 128 products is computed using the Functional Basis controlled vocabulary and a matrix-based similarity metric at each level of abstraction. A matrix-based clustering algorithm is then applied to the similarity results to identify groups of similar products. A subset of these products is studied to further compare the three levels of abstraction and to validate the pruning rules. It is shown that the pruning rules are able to convert reverse-engineered function models to conceptual-level models, better supporting design-by-analogy, a conceptual-stage design activity.

Abstraction As a Configuration Design Methodology

1993 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary L. Snavely ◽  
Panos Y. Papalambros
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Configuration Design ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Abstraction Levels

Abstract Configuration design can be thought of as a process of generating artifacts by assembling pre-defined components. This paper introduces a method for reducing the size of configuration problems by abstracting components to higher levels of abstraction. At higher abstraction levels, less important detail is temporarily ignored, and each component represents a family of lower-level components. Configuration is then performed at the highest level, explicitly enumerating all configurations at that level. Any complete configuration at the highest level is recursively instantiated to lower levels. At the same time, any incomplete configuration at the highest level is eliminated, thereby eliminating all possible lower-level instantiations of that configuration. In this manner, all configurations of components at the lowest level of abstraction are implicitly enumerated.

Flame: A Manufacturability Evaluator for Use at Different Levels of Abstraction

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse D. Peplinski ◽  
Patrick N. Koch ◽  
Janet K. Allen ◽  
Farrokh Mistree
Keyword(s):  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Computer Tool ◽  
Time Line ◽  
Design For Manufacture ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Solution Scheme ◽  
Selection Decision ◽  
Manufacturing Alternatives ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract How can design for manufacture be implemented very early on a design time-line, for example, when only the function is known? Our response is embodied in an approach to design for manufacture at the function level of abstraction based on the notion of design using available assets. In this paper we focus on the solution scheme and computer implementation of our approach to design for manufacture. Our solution scheme takes the form of a Heuristic Selection Decision Support Problem, and our computer tool is called FLAME: the Function Level of Abstraction Manufacturability Evaluator. We use this tool to identify, evaluate and select potential manufacturing alternatives for products modeled at the function level of abstraction. We illustrate some of its uses by exploring the selection of manufacturing processes and materials for a component from a design of an aircraft evacuation system, although our focus is on the method rather than on the results per se.

Software Modeling Processes

2009 ◽  
pp. 169-178
Author(s):  
Roy Gelbard
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Unified Modeling Language ◽  
Extreme Programming ◽  
Software Modeling ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Levels Of Abstraction ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Waterfall Model ◽  
Future Direction

Applications require short development cycles and constant interaction with customers. Requirement gathering has become an ongoing process, reflecting continuous changes in technology and market demands. System analysis and modeling that are made at the initial project stages are quickly abandoned and become outmoded. Model driven architecture (MDA), rapid application development (RAD), adaptive development, extreme programming (XP), and others have resulted in a shift from the traditional waterfall model. These methodologies attempt to respond to the needs, but do they really fulfill their objectives, which are essential to the success of software development? Unified modeling language (UML) was created by the convergence of several well-known modeling methodologies. Despite its popularity and the investments that have been made in UML tools, UML is not yet translatable into running code. Some of the problems that have been discovered have to do with the absence of action semantics language and its size. This chapter reviews and evaluates the UML evolution (UML2, xUML), providing criteria and requirements to evaluate UML and the xUML potential to raise levels of abstraction, flexibility, and productivity enhancement. At the same time, it pinpoints its liabilities that keep it from completely fulfilling the vision of software development through a continuous exactable modeling process, considered to be the future direction for modeling and implementation.

Social Networking and Blogging – An Employer’s Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ursula Widmer ◽  
Talha Salaria
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Social Networking ◽  
Business Process ◽  
Business Process Outsourcing ◽  
Confidential Information ◽  
Know How ◽  
Legal Position ◽  
Indian Law

AbstractEmployers worldwide are increasingly disapproving the use of social networks and blogging sites due to a decrease in productivity, as well as viruses and other malware or the deliberate or unintentional disclosure of confidential information. If contracts are awarded for software development or for IT or Business Process Outsourcing offshore, it is important to know how the contracting partner controls the risks relating to social networking and blogging. India is one of the preferred destinations for offshore software development and outsourcing and where Swiss companies award many of these contracts. Therefore, an examination follows of the legal position under Swiss and Indian law regarding employers’ options for checking up on social networking and blogging by employees.

Research on Model Driven Architecture

2010 ◽  
Vol 40-41 ◽  
pp. 1012-1015
Author(s):  
Yuan Yuan Zhang ◽  
Qin Gao ◽  
Heng Liang Wu
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Basic Concept ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Software Development Process ◽  
Model Driven Architecture ◽  
Model Driven ◽  
Design And Implementation ◽  
Level Of Abstraction ◽  
Core Technology ◽  
Architecture Specification

Model driven architecture (MDA) is an architecture specification of software development proposed by OMG in July 2001. MDA holds that the best way of software development is to enhance the level of abstraction of the system, isolate the design and implementation of the system, and separate the business conduct, so as to overcome the difficulties caused by the complexity of software. This paper presents the basic concept and core technology, and gives the software development process based on MDA.

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