Association between prenatal exposures to ambient air pollutants and preterm birth in the Atlanta African American Mother-Child Cohort

Objectives: Exposure to air pollutants has been linked to preterm birth (PTB) after natural conception. However, few studies have explored the effects of air pollution on PTB in patients who underwent in vitro fertilization (IVF). We aimed to investigate the association between ambient air pollutants exposure and PTB risk in IVF patients.Methods: This retrospective cohort study included 2,195 infertile women who underwent IVF treatment from January 2017 and September 2020 in Hangzhou Women's Hospital. Totally 1,005 subjects who underwent a first fresh embryo(s) transfer cycle were analyzed in this study. Residential exposure to ambient six air pollutants (PM2.5, PM10, SO2, NO2, CO, O3) during various periods of the IVF timeline were estimated by satellite remote-sensing and ground measurement. Cox proportional hazards models for discrete time were used to explore the association between pollutants exposure and incident PTB, with adjustment for confounders. Stratified analyses were employed to explore the effect modifiers.Results: The clinical pregnancy and PTB rates were 61.2 and 9.3%, respectively. We found that PM2.5 exposure was significantly associated with an increased risk of PTB during 85 days before oocyte retrieval [period A, adjusted hazard ratio, HR=1.09, 95%CI: 1.02–1.21], gonadotropin start to oocyte retrieval [period B, 1.07 (1.01–1.19)], first trimester of pregnancy [period F, 1.06 (1.01–1.14)], and the entire IVF pregnancy [period I, 1.07 (1.01–1.14)], respectively. An interquartile range increment in PM10 during periods A and B was significantly associated with PTB at 1.15 (1.04–1.36), 1.12 (1.03–1.28), and 1.14 (1.01–1.32) for NO2 during period A. The stratified analysis showed that the associations were stronger for women aged <35 years and those who underwent two embryos transferred.Conclusions: Our study suggests ambient PM2.5, PM10, and NO2 exposure were significantly associated with elevated PTB risk in IVF patients, especially at early stages of IVF cycle and during pregnancy.

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Air Pollution and Preterm Birth in the U.S. State of Georgia (2002–2006): Associations with Concentrations of 11 Ambient Air Pollutants Estimated by Combining Community Multiscale Air Quality Model (CMAQ) Simulations with Stationary Monitor Measurements

Environmental Health Perspectives ◽

10.1289/ehp.1409651 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 124 (6) ◽

pp. 875-880 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

Hua Hao ◽

Howard H. Chang ◽

Heather A. Holmes ◽

James A. Mulholland ◽

Mitch Klein ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Air Pollution ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Air Quality ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Air Quality Model ◽

Quality Model ◽

Ambient Air Pollutants ◽

The U.S

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Acute Effects of Exposure to Ambient Air Pollutants on Preterm Birth in Xiamen City (2015–2018), China

ACS Omega ◽

10.1021/acsomega.0c00146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (13) ◽

pp. 7462-7467

Author(s):

Sijing Huang ◽

Dianchao Lin ◽

Zhixiong Huang ◽

Lin Yang ◽

Xinyu Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Preterm Birth ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Ambient Air Pollutants ◽

Xiamen City

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Association between ambient air pollutants and preterm birth in Ningbo, China: a time-series study

BMC Pediatrics ◽

10.1186/s12887-018-1282-9 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 18 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Wen-Yuan Liu ◽

Zhe-Bin Yu ◽

Hai-Yan Qiu ◽

Jian-Bing Wang ◽

Xue-Yu Chen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Time Series ◽

Preterm Birth ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Time Series Study ◽

Ambient Air Pollutants ◽

Series Study

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Ambient air pollutants are associated with morning serum cortisol in overweight and obese Latino youth in Los Angeles

Environmental Health ◽

10.1186/s12940-021-00713-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

Author(s):

C. M. Toledo-Corral ◽

T. L. Alderete ◽

M. M. Herting ◽

R. Habre ◽

A. K. Peterson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Hpa Axis ◽

Air Pollutants ◽

Latino Youth ◽

Serum Cortisol ◽

Ambient Air ◽

Pubertal Status ◽

Ambient Air Pollutants ◽

Morning Cortisol ◽

Morning Serum Cortisol ◽

Cortisol Levels

Abstract Background Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA)-axis dysfunction has been associated with a variety of mental health and cardio-metabolic disorders. While causal models of HPA-axis dysregulation have been largely focused on either pre-existing health conditions or psychosocial stress factors, recent evidence suggests a possible role for central nervous system activation via air pollutants, such as nitrogen dioxide (NO2), ozone (O3) and particulate matter (PM). Therefore, in an observational study of Latino youth, we investigated if monthly ambient NO2, O3, and PM with aerodynamic diameter ≤ 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure were associated with morning serum cortisol levels. Methods In this cross-sectional study, morning serum cortisol level was assessed after a supervised overnight fast in 203 overweight and obese Latino children and adolescents (female/male: 88/115; mean age: 11.1 ± 1.7 years; pre-pubertal/pubertal/post-pubertal: 85/101/17; BMI z-score: 2.1 ± 0.4). Cumulative concentrations of NO2, O3 and PM2.5 were spatially interpolated at the residential addresses based on measurements from community monitors up to 12 months prior to testing. Single and multi-pollutant linear effects models were used to test the cumulative monthly lag effects of NO2, O3, and PM2.5 on morning serum cortisol levels after adjusting for age, sex, seasonality, social position, pubertal status, and body fat percent by DEXA. Results Single and multi-pollutant models showed that higher O3 exposure (derived from maximum 8-h exposure windows) in the prior 1–7 months was associated with higher serum morning cortisol (p < 0.05) and longer term PM2.5 exposure (4–10 months) was associated with lower serum morning cortisol levels (p < 0.05). Stratification by pubertal status showed associations in pre-pubertal children compared to pubertal and post-pubertal children. Single, but not multi-pollutant, models showed that higher NO2 over the 4–10 month exposure period associated with lower morning serum cortisol (p < 0.05). Conclusions Chronic ambient NO2, O3 and PM2.5 differentially associate with HPA-axis dysfunction, a mechanism that may serve as an explanatory pathway in the relationship between ambient air pollution and metabolic health of youth living in polluted urban environments. Further research that uncovers how ambient air pollutants may differentially contribute to HPA-axis dysfunction are warranted.

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