scholarly journals Semantic structure of comparative constructions by the object of comparison (as exemplified in the collection of short stories „Bread and chocolate” by M. Dochynets)

2020 ◽  
pp. 76-85
Author(s):  
N. M. Syzonenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Research Direction ◽  
Literary Texts ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Everyday Objects ◽  
Comparative Constructions ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Stylistic Function

For a literary text, the use of comparative constructions is extremely important, because, in such a way, a writer shows his own worldview, subjective and evaluative attitude to the facts and phenomena of objective reality, figuratively and expressively specifying the distinctive features of a particular image. The topicality of the research is determined by the fact that comparative constructions are widely represented in the collection of short stories by M. Dochynets „Bread and Chocolate”, that is why they have become the subject of scientific research. The aim of the article is to analyze the semantic structure of comparative constructions by the object of comparison as a manifestation of the writer’s individual style. The factual material made it possible to divide the comparative constructions into seven lexical-semantic fields (LSF): „man”, „animate nature”, „man-made objects”, „inanimate nature”, „sensory feelings”, „time”, „demoniac creatures”. The structure of the LSF „man” includes the following constituents: names of personalities, somatisms, biblical expressions, features of the object; the LSF „animate nature” is represented by three lexical-semantic groups (LSG) – names of flora, zoonyms, ornithonyms. The components of the LSF „man-made objects” are the following LSGs: names of everyday objects, names of the parts of a building, the materials for construction, names of transport; the LSF „inanimate nature” – names of substances and materials, names of natural phenomena, locatives, hydronyms. The LSF „sensory feelings” includes three LSG – sounds, smells, taste. The LSF „time” and „demoniac creatures” are homogeneous in their structure and do not require differentiation into LSG. The distinguished comparative constructions by the object of comparison are interpreted as individually author’s ones and require further research. The analysis of comparative constructions by the subject and feature of comparison, the determination of their stylistic function in the author’s literary texts, in particular in the collection of short stories „Bread and Chocolate” are considered as an advanced research direction.

scholarly journals Knut Hamsun in Siberia

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 315-336
Author(s):  
E. V. Kapinos ◽  
I. E. Loshchilov
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Northern Europe ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Introductory Article ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Poetic Texts ◽  
Knut Hamsun

The article is devoted to various forms of Hamsun’s influence on Siberian writers of the 1910–1930s. On the pages of Siberian periodicals, the Norwegian writer was often mentioned in theatrical chronicle, in the lists of European book novelties, in poetic texts, but he influenced most clearly the general northern flavour of the Siberian prose. Fifteen stories and short novellas of famous Siberian writers (Georgy Grebenshchikov, Isaak Goldberg, Anton Sorokin, Georgy Vyatkin) and almost forgotten writers (Stepan Isakov, Arseny Zhilyakov, Maximilian Kravkov) form the “Siberian Hamsuniana”, the distinctive features of which are “anti-urbanism”, “ethnography”, folklorism, northern landscapes and scenes of folk life. When studying the texts that became the subject of description in this article, the materials from an archive of the Siberian literature historian and critic N. N. Yanovsky were used, who collected and printed a book of short stories by S. Isakov and A. Zhilyakov in the mid-1980s with an introductory article, which sets out biographies of forgotten writers. In the introductory article to this book, it is mentioned that literary comrades called Stepan Isakov half-jokingly to be the “Siberian Hamsun”. When analyzing the Siberian prose on Hamsun themes, special attention was paid to the stylization elements of northern mythology, shamanistic predictions, various legends, which creates an image of Siberia similar to the image of northern Europe by Hamsun.

scholarly journals Tourism discourse: linguosemiotic peculiarities of functionality of paremias

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Marina Aleksandrovna Seregina
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Subject

The subject of this article is the determination and analysis of linguosemiotic peculiarities of functionality of phraseological units of syntactic level in the tourism discourse. The object of this article is the Russian and German paroemias as a hyperonym in relation to proverbs, proverbial expressions and sententious sayings. These set phrases have grammatical structure of the sentence and are used in the literal and figurative sense. The goal of this research is to determine and analyze the semantic, syntactic and pragmatic peculiarities of implementation of paroemias in guidebooks and brochures in the Russian and German languages, which demonstrate ethnocultural specificity of the peoples. The author employs interdisciplinary approach, which is substantiated by active use of the scientific category “tourism discourse" in different sciences. The main conclusion consists in the presence of linguosemiotic peculiarities of the functionality of paremias in guidebooks and brochures. Using the analysis of lexical-semantic structure of the Russian and German paremias, the author determines the semantic dominants of paremiological representation of the concepts of tourism discourse in the Russian and German linguocultures that contain ethnocultural stereotypical representations of the peoples on traveling; and this defines the author’s special contribution. The novelty lies in proving fact that the functionality of paremias in the language of guidebooks and brochures has syntactic peculiarities that are revealed in their integration into the context for cohesiveness of the tourism discourse. Pragmatic peculiarities are determined by the choice of strategies and tactics aimed at drawing attention of the tourists and increasing interest in the services rendered.

Figurative derivational structure of mono- and polysemantic derivates as the subject of lexicography

2018 ◽  
pp. 3-13
Author(s):  
Т.Є. Гуцуляк
Keyword(s):  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Formal Semantic ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Features ◽  
Semantic System ◽  
Figurative Meaning ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Holistic Understanding ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Dictionary Definitions

In the system of figurative means of the Ukrainian language, the derivative lexical units, which were formed on the basis of figurative motivational relations, occupy a significant place. An important role in the recording and preservation of such figurative derivatives in the lexical-semantic system of the Ukrainian language is given to lexicographic works of an interpretive type. Dictionary definitions are important for establishing formal-semantic links of derivative units with their motivational basis and for defining motivational features. However, lexicographic interpretations are not always informative enough, but sometimes too generalized, which complicates the interpretation of figurative content of lexical units. Therefore, the purpose of the proposed work provides an analysis of the problematic issues of the present lexicographic practice of describing the semantic structure of morphological derivatives with a figurativelymetaphorical internal form and outlining the ways of their solution. The subject of the study is the following mono- and polysemantic units of the Ukrainian language, which, according to their structural and semantic features, belong to the derivatives from the subjective adjectives and contain sememes with figurative meaning. In the article on the example of separate adjectives the attention is focused on the need to take into account the vocabulary definitions of the peculiarities of the motivational traits that influenced the morphological structure and the semantic structure of the derivative word. This will help to provide a holistic understanding of the sign, called figurative derivative, given the possibility of implementing various aspects of the motivational semantics. Among the problematic issues of lexicographic practice, the formulation of vocabulary definitions for derivatives from the subjective adjectives is considered and the need to consider the ability of the nounmotivator to form not only relative (or possessively relative) adjectives, but also qualitative ones. It is suggested that the value of qualitative sign be fixed as independent lexico-semantic variants (LSV), since they often arise as a result of word-forming processes and testify to other semantic ties with the creators’ base.

scholarly journals Image and linguistic personality of the teacher (based on short stories by Anton Chekhov)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 85-99
Author(s):  
A. I. Timofeeva
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Research Interest ◽  
Literary Analysis ◽  
Anton Chekhov ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
Semantic Level ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
The Subject

The main purpose of this article is to introduce readers to the linguistic embodiment of the teacher’s image in the short stories by A.P. Chekhov. In recent decades the linguistic personality of the characters of artistic works has often become the subject of thorough linguistic and literary analysis. A.P. Chekhov, being the master of humorous stories, aims at introducing certain features typical only for the images of characters representing various professions but at the same time corresponding to the genre of the work itself. Attention to details, many artistic features are the hallmark of this writer’s work. A.P. Chekhov works through each image at all levels: structural, semantic and linguistic (thesaurus). That is why Chekhov’s works arouse research interest among both literary critics and linguists. The linguistic personality of the teacher in Chekhov’s stories is formed in accordance with the tasks that the writer sets at the time of the creation of the work (for example, a humorous short story, memoirs, etc.). Analysis of the character’s speech characteristics, the verbal portrait of the character allows us to identify the distinctive features of Chekhov’s language and form an idea of the writer as a thinker and researcher of the native language. Working on the semantic level of the linguistic personality allows to reflect on the moral and ethical potential of the characters of Anton Chekhov’s stories.

scholarly journals Stereotypes of linguocultural community in the mirror of German paremiology

2020 ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
Marina Aleksandrovna Seregina
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Grammatical Structure ◽  
Figurative Meaning ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Surrounding Environment ◽  
German Nation ◽  
The Subject ◽  
German People ◽  
Standard Life

The subject of this research is the classification of stereotypical perceptions of German people, which imply their collectively determine representations on the phenomena/objects/events of surrounding environment, as well as typical schemes of actions in standard life situations. The object of this research is the German paremias as a hyperonym in relation to proverb and sayings with protreptic function. Such sayings fixed expressions gave grammatical structure of a sentence, and are used in direct and figurative meaning. The goal of this work is to review the classification of stereotypes as linguocultural phenomena that found reflection in German paremias and demonstrate ethnocultural specificity of the nation. The analysis of lexical-semantic structure of German paremias allowed determining the ethnocultural content of stereotypical perceptions of German people, which manifests in social, cultural, mental, auto and hetero-stereotypes, stereotypes-images and stereotypes-situations, quasi-stereotypes and stereotypes of general worldview. The research demonstrated that ethnocultural stereotypes are not reflected in paremiological fund of German nation, which testifies to its specificity.

Menelusuri Bentang Alam Dalam Karya Sastra Yang Bertema Lingkungan Alam

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
Nanny Sri Lestari
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Natural Environment ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Space Communications ◽  
Story Structure ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Media Space ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Subject

<p>Sebuah peristiwa, dalam kehidupan manusia, dapat menjadi inspirasi bagi penulisan sebuah cerita. Pengarang, sebagai bagian dari masyarakatnya, mengangkat relung-relung kehidupan manusia, ke dalam sebuah cerita. Namun harus dipahami, bahwa pengalaman pengarang dalam kehidupannya sehari-hari, juga mempengaruhi subjek yang ditulisnya. Saat ini tidak dapat dipungkiri lagi, bahwa teknologi komunikasi yang sangat canggih, telah mempengaruhi perkembangan karya sastra. Media penulisan karya sastra, tidak lagi melalui media cetak seperti kertas tetapi sudah melalui peralatan modern yang sesuai jamannya. Namun demikian ragam karya sastra prosa, seperti cerita pendek, justru mampu mengisi ruang media kommunikasi tersebut. Dua orang pengarang, yang menulis cerita pendek di media masa, berusaha mengangkat isu tentang lingkungan. Isu yang diangkat, lebih menekankan kepada masalah lingkungan alam dengan mengangkat isu tentang pohon sebagai bagian dari kehidupan manusia. Tujuan penelitian ini, untuk menelusuri struktur cerita pendek yang mengangkat isu lingkungan dalam jalinan ceritanya. Untuk memenuhi tujuan penelitian, langkah awal dari penelitian ini, adalah melakukan pendekatan struktur cerita, yang kemudian dikaitkan dengan pencarian makna cerita tersebut. Sering sekali di balik sebuah cerita ada pesan yang ingin disampaikan kepada masyarakat pembacanya. Bentuk pesan tersebut tersirat, dalam jalinan struktur cerita pendek tersebut. Pesan yang disampaikan, dalam kedua cerita pendek tersebut,  adalah pesan tentang lingkungan alam, yang  saat ini tidak pernah diperhatikan oleh masyarakat. Dengan alasan, kebutuhan ekonomi yang sangat dominan.</p><p><em>An event, in human life, can be an inspiration for writing a story. The author, as a part of his society, lifts the niches of human life, into a story. But it must be understood, that the author's experience in everyday life, also affects the subject he wrote.</em><em> </em><em>Today it is undeniable, that highly sophisticated communication technology, has influenced the development of literary works. Media writing literature, no longer through print media such as paper but have been through modern equipment that fit his era.</em><em> </em><em>However, the variety of prose literary works, such as short stories, is able to fill the media space communications. Two authors, who write short stories in the mass media, try to raise issues about the environment. Issues raised, more emphasis on the issue of the natural environment by raising the issue, about the tree as part of human life. The purpose of this research, is to trace the structure of short stories, which raised environmental issues in the composition of the story. To fulfill the purpose of research, the first step of this research, is to approach the structure of the story, which is then linked with the search for the meaning of the story. Very often, behind a story, there is a message to be conveyed to the readers. The form of the message is implied, in the composition of the short story structure. The message conveyed, in both short stories, is a message about the natural environment, which today is never noticed by society. The message conveyed, in both short stories, is a message about the natural environment, which today is never noticed by society.</em></p>

Deadjectival Verbs of Essive Semantics in German, English and Ukrainian: A Typological Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
Andrey A. Pouzik ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Difference ◽  
Semantic Interpretation ◽  
Semantic Structure ◽  
Semantic Group ◽  
Inactive State ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Typological Approach ◽  
Semantically Heterogeneous ◽  
Model Subject ◽  
Interpretation Model

The peculiarities of the semantics and structure of verbs derived from adjectives in German, English, and Ukrainian have been analyzed. The verbal lexemes of the languages compared can be defined by means of a semantic interpretation model “Subject of a Situation Is a Motivating Adjective”; they constitute a semantically heterogeneous group of “essive” verbs (from Lat. esse - ‘to be'). Within the framework of the derivational category of “essive” verbs at the level of derivational semantics subcategories, semantic groups and subgroups have been distinguished. In the semantic structure of “essive” deadjectival verbs of German, English, and Ukrainian, the opposition is reproduced on the basis of an “active/inactive state of the subject of a situation when revealing a feature denoted by a motivating adjective”. On this basis, the “essive” verbs of the compared languages are divided into two derivational subcategories: “proper essive” deadjectival verbs (inactive state of the subject of a situation when revealing a feature) and “quasi-essive” verbs derived from adjectives (active state of the subject when revealing a feature). In terms of interlingual comparison, the author notes the quantitative superiority of the two subcategories of the Ukrainian “active” deadjectival verbs over the corresponding subcategories of German and English, while within each language of comparison the quantitative ratios of the selected subcategories are different: in Ukrainian the subcategory of “proper essive” deadjectival verbs is superior over the subcategory of “quasi-essive” verbs, while in German and English the “quasi-essive” deadjectival verbs are quantitatively superior over the subcategory of “proper essive” deadjectival verbs (in German the quantitative difference is insignificant (nine verbs), and in English the group of “quasi-essive” deadjectival verbs is almost twice as big as in German). Within the selected derivational subcategories of the languages compared and on the basis of the presence/absence and nature of certain additional semantic components in the semantic structure of “essive” deadjectival verbs, semantic groups have been distinguished. Two semantic groups can be clearly distinguished within “proper essive” deadjectival verbs, depending on whether the feature revealed by the subject of a situation is necessarily visually perceptible (“expositive”) or visually imperceptible (“intra-essive”). The group of “expositive” deadjectival verbs of Ukrainian is eight times as big as the corresponding semantic group in German, while in English no deadjectival verbs of “expositive” semantics have been found. In German and English, the main way to derive essive verbs from adjectives is conversion (85% and 56%, respectively). In English, conversion is supplemented with suffix models (44%). Essive suffix deadjectival verbs make up 100% of the material in Ukrainian and 15% in German.

Biafra and Abuse of Power in I.N.C. Aniebo’s Rearguard Actions

Matatu ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 280-292
Author(s):  
Obari Gomba
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Nation State ◽  
Abuse Of Power ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Nigerian Civil War

Abstract The Nigerian civil war has left a lasting impact on the politics of Nigeria. It has also provided material for I.N.C. Aniebo’s Rearguard Actions. Given the prior success of his novel The Anonymity of Sacrifice, this collection of short stories expands his creative portfolio on the subject of war. Over and above the predilection of Biafran discourse for blaming others for Biafra’s failure, Aniebo’s depiction of the war calls attention to the failings of Biafra itself. On the strength of Aniebo’s stories, this paper seeks to examine the nature of the abuse of power in Biafra and to show how such abuse helped precipitate the collapse of the breakaway nation-state.

scholarly journals Categorization and Conceptualization of Space in Descriptive Text

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-39
Author(s):  
Y. N. Varfolomeeva
Keyword(s):  
Frame Analysis ◽  
Sensory Systems ◽  
Spatial Relationships ◽  
Scientific Paradigm ◽  
Verb Classes ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Spatial Semantics

The relevance of the article is due to the importance of studying spatial semantics in the new scientific paradigm. The possibility of studying genre varieties of description (description-landscape, description-interior, description-portrait, description of the subject) using frame analysis is indicated in the article. Considerable attention is paid to the classification of spatial verb description predicates. It is noted that the unflagging interest in verbal units in modern linguistics, with unsteady classification grounds, different numbers of distinguished verb classes and terminological differences in describing the object, indicates the need to compile a classification of verb predicates based on the principles of linguocognitology. The study of the semantics of verb predicates of descriptive text, the identification of integrating and differential seme, contributing to the isolation of various lexical-semantic groups of verb predicates and building the patterns implemented in the description of spatial relationships appears to be significant. The attention is focused on the need to integrate linguistic, physiological and psychological knowledge in the study of the predicative component of a descriptive text. Such integration is embodied in the idea of spatial discrimination through all sensory systems and the division of spatial predicates into units of visual, auditory, olfactory, tactile, taste and undifferentiated perception. It is established that in the case of using predicates of intermodal semantics, spatial significance is realized in terms of “proximity” / “remoteness” of the source objects of the corresponding sensations.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document