Complications of diabetes mellitus in canine and feline patients

Diabetes mellitus is a common endocrinopathy diagnosed in small animal patients, and once stable can be managed and well controlled in the home environment. Complications can occur, however, when unexpected factors arise which can cause destabilisation of the patient. This article will provide a brief review of diabetes mellitus in canine and feline patients before describing some of the common complications that may be observed including hypoglycaemia, diabetic ketoacidosis, urinary tract infection, diabetic neuropathy and cataracts. The aim is to ensure the veterinary nurse has a good understanding of these complications, for them to be aware of the clinical symptoms that may be displayed, and for them to appreciate the different treatment options available allowing them to be efficient advocates for their patients should the need arise.

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Safety of SGLT2 Inhibitors in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Current Drug Safety ◽

10.2174/1574886314666190206164647 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 14 (2) ◽

pp. 87-93 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Mahakpreet Singh ◽

Ruchika Sharma ◽

Anoop Kumar

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Diabetic Ketoacidosis ◽

Adverse Drug Reactions ◽

Sglt2 Inhibitor ◽

Sglt2 Inhibitors ◽

Drug Reactions ◽

Authorization Holder

Background:Recently, Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has approved sodium/ glucose co-transporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. However, regarding adverse drug reactions (ADRs) of SGLT2 inhibitors in large group of population, very less information is available. Thus, we have tried to find out the risk profile of SGLT2 inhibitors. Materials and Methods: A total of 1,042 studies have been published from Nov. 2012-Nov. 2017 regarding SGLT2 inhibitors. After inclusion and exclusion criteria, 27 studies have been selected for the analysis of risk. Results and Discussion:The emerging evidence indicates various adverse drug reactions such as foot and toe amputation, cancer, diabetic ketoacidosis, bone fracture risk and urinary as well as mycotic genital infection. The causality assessment has shown a correlation between SGLT2 inhibitors and diabetic ketoacidosis and urinary tract infection. Conclusion:In conclusion, Marketing Authorization Holder (MAH) and Regulatory Authorities (RA) should monitor various adverse drug reactions such as diabetic ketoacidosis and urinary tract infection with the use of SGLT2 inhibitor.

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Psoas abscess and bacterial peritonitis caused by urinary tract infection in a patient of liver cirrhosis and diabetes mellitus

Clinical Journal of Gastroenterology ◽

10.1007/s12328-009-0073-0 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 2 (3) ◽

pp. 242-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Chiaki Kamikado ◽

Shuuhei Taguchi ◽

Tomomi Wakiyama ◽

Akira Nakamura ◽

Osamu Sawatani ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Liver Cirrhosis ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Psoas Abscess ◽

Bacterial Peritonitis

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Isolation and diagnosis of bacteria causing urinary tract infection in pregnant and non pregnant females with diabetes mellitus type2

Al-Mustansiriyah Journal of Science ◽

10.23851/mjs.v29i4.465 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 23

Author(s):

Faraj Hatto Joni

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Pregnant Women ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Microscopical Examination ◽

Symptomatic Infection ◽

Pregnant Females ◽

Esherichia Coli

Diabetic patients have more outcomes of urinary tract infection than non diabetes, mortality of urinary tract infection (UTI) is 5 times higher in patients with diabetes old age, the incidence of urinary tract infection in pregnant women is slightly higher than non pregnant women, urinary tract infection in pregnant women either as a symptomatic bacteriiuria or symptomatic infection, which is more complication during pregnancy this present study was done in March 2016 to July 2016, the patients were females, total samples of 80 patient of pregnant and non pregnant with diabetes mellitus, selected from medical and general surgical wards, the samples were sending to teaching laboratories from the same hospital, the present study show that the incidence of UTI at non pregnant diabetic women occur at age (9-11) years (45%), the most common causative agents of UTI in diabetic pregnant females is Esherichia coli 20(50%), the results of microscopical examination of urine of pregnant with diabetes mellitus of urine of pregnant with diabetes mellitus revealed that (43), pyuria and (28) had crystals, and the result of microscopical examination of urine of non pregnant females with diabetes mellitus revealed that the common causative agent is Esherichia coli 3(30%), (9) had pyuria and (4) had crystals.

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Fungal urinary tract infection in outpatient practice: approaches to diagnosis and treatment

Medical Council ◽

10.21518/2079-701x-2021-21-2-138-142 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 138-142

Author(s):

N. V. Sturov ◽

S. V. Popov ◽

I. Yu. Shmelkov

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Urinary Tract Infection ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Candida Albicans ◽

Urinary Tract ◽

Tract Infection ◽

Diagnosis And Treatment ◽

Days Of Therapy

Introduction. In recent years, the role of fungal infection in inpatient and outpatient patients has been increasing. At the same time, there are currently no recommendations on the duration of treatment of outpatient patients with fungal urinary tract infection (UTI). Aim of the study. Optimization of methods of diagnosis and treatment of outpatient patients with fungal UTI.Materials and methods. To detect fungi in urine, the E. Koneman et al. (1997) method was improved. 56 patients with fungal UTI were examined. The efficacy of fluconazole in the treatment of fungal UTI was studied in 53 patients.Results. Candida albicans was detected in 37% of cases of fungal UTI in outpatient patients. Risk factors for fungal UTI in outpatient patients include: antibacterial therapy, infravesical obstruction, type 2 diabetes mellitus and the presence of urinary drainage. The microbiological efficacy of fluconazole therapy for 7, 10 and 14 days was 83.0%, 94.3% and 96.2%, respectively. The growth of fungi in the urine a month after treatment was absent in 86.7% of patients. In outpatient patients with fungal UTI without type 2 diabetes mellitus, the efficacy of fluconazole at a dose of 150 mg per day for 7 days was 94.9%. In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus after 7 days of therapy, the efficacy was 50.0%.Conclusions. The most common causative agent of fungal UTI in outpatient patients is Candida albicans. To detect fungi in urine, samples should be seeded on selective media, while increasing the seeding volume to 0.1 ml and extending the incubation time to 96 hours. Fluconazole is a highly effective treatment for fungal UTI at a dose of 150 mg per day for 7 days, however, in patients with diabetes mellitus, therapy should last at least 10 days.

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