Desulfurization Method from Stack Gas by Activated Carbon : Regeneration by the Washing(Power Plants and the Pollution)(Air Pollution as well as Power Plant and Pollution)

1971 ◽  
Vol 74 (626) ◽  
pp. 260-261
Author(s):  
Chotaro OHNO
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Regeneration ◽  
Stack Gas

scholarly journals Modeling The Effect of Nitrogen Dioxide Produced In Shazand Power Plant Upon Air Pollution In Arak, Iran Using Sentinel-5 Satellite Data

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Amin Ghannadi ◽  
Matin Shahri ◽  
Amir Reza Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nitrogen Dioxide ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Control Points ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Data Location ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Nowadays, air pollution and its negative effects on human health is regarded as one of the most fundamental problems in the world. Iran as a developing country also deals with the issue of air pollution. Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) as one of the air pollutants leads to serious damage to the human respiratory system. The power plants are recognized as one of the main sources of producing NO2. In this research, the effect of NO2 produced in Shazand power plant on the air pollution in Arak metropolitan area, as one of the most polluted cities in Iran will be investigated using a third-order rational mathematical model. Sentinel-5 satellite images have been applied to monitor NO2 in the study area during the two years 2020-2019. The results indicate that the proposed model has been successful to model the relationship between the amount of NO2 produced in Shazand power plant and its propagation in Arak city using a set of control points with the values of RMSE, MAE and R2 equal to 6-10×2.1, 6-10×1.3 and 0.99 respectively. The results of model validation using check points with the values of RMSE, MAE and R2 equal to6-10×1.7 , 6-10×1.1 and 0.99 respectively indicate that the model can also be applied to any data location in the study area.

scholarly journals Literature Review: Health Impact of Coal Combustion Emissions in Power Plant on Adult Respiratory Systems

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Basuki Rachmat ◽  
Cita Fitria Puri ◽  
Elvi Sahara Lubis ◽  
Endang Krisnawaty ◽  
Lailatul Qomariyah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Respiratory System ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Respiratory Systems

Introduction: Coal-fired power plants contribute to air pollution emissions of nearly one-third of global SO2 , 14 % of NOx , and 5 % of PM2.5. This condition could worsen adults’ respiratory health who live close to power plants; WHO estimates that COPD and LRTI cause around 18% of premature deaths related to outdoor air pollution. This literature review aims to conduct a systematic review of the health impacts of coal-fired power plant emissions on adults’ respiratory systems and explore what risk factors lead to decreased lung status. Also, to answer how risk factors influence decreased lung function in adults’ respiratory system from coal-fired power plants’ emissions. Discussion: This study used a literature study method using an online database to of various research data sources with the same topic. The searching of articles was performed based on the inclusion criteria. From an initial collection of 468 articles, after screening and considering its feasibility, four articles were obtained to serve as material for the final systematic review. The literature review showed that there had been a change in lung function of respiratory system of adults due to long-term exposure to emissions from coal-fired power plants. Factors that influence decreased lung function in adults were NOx and SO2 exposure levels, residence distance, wind direction, age, and smoking status. Conclusion: Future research should focus on improving models for assessing exposure to NOx , SO2 , PM10 and PM2.5, considering age and smoking habits in evaluating lung function.

Chlorine Sources, Sinks, and Impacts in WTE Power Plants

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nickolas J. Themelis
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Combustion Gases ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Stack Gas

The principal sources of chlorine in the MSW feed to WTE power plants are food wastes (e.g., wheat, green vegetables, melon, pineapple), yard wastes (leaves, grass, etc.), salt (NaCl), and chlorinated plastics (mostly polyvinyl chloride). Chlorine has important impacts on the WTE operation in terms of higher corrosion rate than in coal-fired power plants, formation of hydrochloric gas that must be controlled in the stack gas to less than the U.S. EPA standard (29 ppm by volume), and potential for formation of dioxins and furans. Past Columbia studies have shown that the chlorine content in MSW is in the order of 0.5%. In comparison, chlorine concentration in coal is about 0.1%; this results in much lower HCl concentration in the combustion gases and allows coal-fired power plants to be operated at higher superheater tube temperatures and thus higher thermal efficiencies. Most of the chlorine output from a WTE is in the fly ash collected in the fabric filter baghouse of the Air Pollution Control system. This study examined in detail the sources and sinks of chlorine in a WTE unit. It is concluded that on the average MSW contains about 0.5% chlorine, which results in hydrogen chloride concentration in the WTE combustion gases of up to 600 parts per million by volume. About 45% of the chlorine content in MSW derives from chlorinated plastics, mainly polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and 55% from salt (NaCl) and chlorine-containing food and yard wastes. An estimated 97–98% of the chlorine input is converted to calcium chloride in the dry scrubber of the Air Pollution Control (APC) system and captured in the fly ash collected in the baghouse; the remainder is in the stack gas at a concentration that is one half of the U.S. EPA standard. Reducing the input of PVC in the MSW stream would have no effect on dioxin formation but would reduce the corrosion rate in the WTE boiler.

Microwave Regeneration of Field-Spent Granular Activated Carbon from Power Plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 356-360 ◽  
pp. 2065-2070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yi Fu ◽  
Luo Chun Wang ◽  
Zhen Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Hydrochloric Acid ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Irradiation Time ◽  
Granular Activated Carbon ◽  
Solid Waste Disposal ◽  
Acid Pretreatment ◽  
Microwave Technique ◽  
Inorganic Matter

Granular activated carbon (GAC) is extensively used to remove natural organic matter and residential chlorine in water treatment process of power plant. After being used, the spent GAC needs to be regenerated in order to save on operation costs and reduce solid waste disposal. In this study, microwave technique was tried to regenerate the field-spent GAC from a power plant. The effect of microwave power, irradiation time and hydrochloric acid pretreatment were investigated, it was found that microwave could recover the adsorption capacity of GAC within a short time and the tannic acid adsorption efficiency of regenerated GAC was 9 times greater than spent GAC; hydrochloric acid pretreatment could improve the regeneration process, it showed the highest removal efficiency and iodine number, 99.6% and 859 mg/g respectively. The results obtained from SEM-EDX showed that hydrochloric acid pretreatment could remove inorganic matter and other impurities of GAC. All these indicate that microwave technique can effectively regenerate field-spent GAC, and hydrochloric acid pretreatment is an important process before regeneration.

Research on Mercury Emissions Regularity and Adsorbing Mercury by Activated Carbon in Coal-fired Power Plants

2011 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhang Xian Liu ◽  
Pei Pei Sun ◽  
Song Tao Chen ◽  
Li Juan Shi
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Removal Efficiency ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Elemental Mercury ◽  
Mercury Pollution ◽  
Anthropogenic Source ◽  
Modified Activated Carbon ◽  
Mercury Emissions

The coal-fired power plant is the main anthropogenic source of mercury pollution. The mercury in flue gas exists as elemental mercury(Hg0), oxidizing state mercury(Hg2+) and particulate mercury(Hgp). Mercury speciation distribution in flue gas was influenced and controled by the factors including conditions of ignition, desulphurization or denitration and Based on the investigation of coal-fired power plant technologies of removing Hg, this research uses the modified activated carbon (MAC) and studies its removal efficiency. Result indicates that the uptake of Hg by MAC was﹥90%.

scholarly journals Mathematical Tool Based on Breakthrough Curves to Evaluate the Economic Advantages of Chemical Regeneration of Activated Carbon in Power Plants: A Comparative Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11786
Author(s):  
Thayset Mariño Peacok ◽  
Harold Crespo Sariol ◽  
Jeamichel Puente Torres ◽  
Jan Yperman ◽  
Ángel Sánchez Roca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Breakthrough Curves ◽  
Mathematical Tool ◽  
Regeneration Strategy ◽  
Economic Profit ◽  
Adsorption Performance ◽  
Chemical Regeneration

A mathematical tool has been developed to evaluate the economic advantages of in-situ chemical regeneration of fixed-bed industrial adsorbers of granular activated carbon for cooling water treatment systems in Cuban power plants. Two scenarios of activated carbon (AC) management in a power plant were compared by applying the proposed model. The economic profit by implementing the regeneration strategy as a function of the number of regeneration cycles was determined and optimized. Breakthrough curves were obtained to assess the adsorption performance of the AC after progressive saturation–chemical regeneration cycles using synthetic water and hydrochloric acid, respectively. For the first saturation cycle, the breakthrough time was 272 min and after 10 cycles, it was reduced to 58 min, indicating a decrease of the adsorption capacity of 21%. The AC adsorption performance in terms of saturation time as a function of the number of regeneration cycles was considered one of the tool parameters. The proposed tool allows to determine the optimal number of regeneration cycles for a maximum economic profit in the regeneration strategy. It was demonstrated, using the proposed tool, that after an optimum of seven regeneration cycles, the power plant expends only 26% of the total investment. The simplicity of the tool permits a rapid way to find the most profitable number of regeneration cycles by combining economic, technical and adsorption efficiency parameters in one function, thus improving the AC management strategy at an industrial scale with corresponding environmental and economic advantages, including sustainability.

Application of field portable X-ray fluorescence to the analysis of desert varnish samples in areas affected by coal-fired power plants

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 379 ◽  
Author(s):  
Piotr Nowinski ◽  
Vernon F. Hodge ◽  
Shawn Gerstenberger
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Tracer Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Desert Varnish ◽  
Geographical Regions ◽  
Rock Coatings ◽  
Fluorescence Spectrometer ◽  
Non Destructive

Environmental context Rock surfaces are often covered with a dark coating called desert varnish that can capture and retain air pollutants. A field portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer was used for direct non-destructive analysis of varnished rocks in the fallout zones of two coal-fired power plants. At one power plant where tracer studies had been carried out, the highest concentration of elements including Cr, As, Pb and Zn in the rock varnish samples, coincides with the peak tracer concentration locations. AbstractDesert varnish samples were collected near two coal-fired power plants to determine if the varnish contained a record of recent air pollution. Samples were collected: (1) in the fallout patterns of the shuttered Mohave Power Plant (MPP), located in Laughlin, NV; and (2) near the operating Reid-Gardner Power Plant (RGPP), just east of Las Vegas, NV. Small pieces of varnished rocks were analysed by field portable X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (FPXRF). Results were obtained for 15 elements: Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Rb, Sr, Zr, Mo, Hg and Pb. The FPXRF data indicate that the elements commonly found in fly ash from coal-fired power plants (e.g. Cr, Zn, As and Pb) had significantly higher concentrations in the rock coatings in relation to the unvarnished substrate rock. For one of the power plants, where tracer plume studies had been carried out, the highest concentrations in the desert varnish coincided with the peak tracer concentration locations. Thus, these elements in desert varnish hold promise for identifying those geographical regions affected by nearby power plants. However, additional samples are required to demonstrate unequivocally that the power plants are indeed the sources of these elements. Overall, it is apparent that desert varnish can be utilised as a passive environmental monitor to investigate recent air pollution (past 20–30 years) and that FPXRF can be used as a surveying tool to obtain multi-element data from a large number of samples.

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