Constructing a scientific, reasonable, all-encompassing, and representative-strong index system is an important premise and guarantee for the good embankment-safety-evaluation of Yellow River. Therefore, the embankment safety-influencing-factor identification has been raised based on consequence-reverse-diffusion method, which can be used to seek the main factors leading to accidents by reverse-thinking and reverse-diffusion way. The main factors which lead to the embankment accident shall be found out according to the accident form, then spreading to the specific influence-factor. As a result, the author has made a classification and extraction for the identified safety-influence-factors, and constructed the optional index-set and index-system for the Yellow River embankment-safety-evaluation after analyzing the content of the safety-influence-factors, which has laid a solid foundation for further embankment safety assessment for the Yellow River embankment construction.