Effect of Two Surfactants and Mode of Incorporation on the Compaction Characteristics of the Hot Water Leaf Extract ofFicus sur

Objective: In the present study is investigated of phytochemicals and antioxidant activities of the leaf extracts from Meliosma simplicifolia (L.). Methods: The seaweed sample was subjected to extraction with solvents of different polarities (hot water, methanol, acetone, chloroform, and petroleum ether) and screened for phytochemicals according to standard methods. The ability of the plant extract to act as hydrogen/electrons donor or scavenger of radicals was determined by in vitro antioxidant assays using 2,2-diphenyl-2-picryl-hydrazyl free radical (DPPH) scavenging, reducing power assay, and superoxide radical (O2•) scavenging activity. The ICPMS and GC-MS analysis of the methanol leaf extract of M. simplicifolia was revealed the presence of antibacterial. Results: Phytochemical analysis revealed the presence of Preliminary metabolites Quantitative studies of estimated phenol, flavonoid and tannin, as for the methanol extract of stem showed the highest content of phenolic compounds (40.71±0.94 GAE mg/100). Antioxidant activities were concluded the estimation M. simplicifolia leaf for as followed the studies. In leaf the highest DPPH scavenging activity (132.3 μg/ml), ICP-MS analysis of the leaf extract showed the presence minerals such as Mg, Fe, Cu, Na, and Zn in excess. The leaf extract of the plant was also tested for its antibacterial activity and results confirmed that it has potential activity. Conclusion: The preliminary studies in the methanol extract of the leaf of M. simplicifolia are suggestive of the antibacterial potentials of the methanol extract of leaves of M. simplicifolia.

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Study of The Effect of Hot Water Extract of Some Plants on The Alfalfa Weevil Hypera Postica (Gyllenhal, 1813) (Coleoptera: Curculionidae)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/923/1/012002 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 923 (1) ◽

pp. 012002

Author(s):

Alaa Hussein Abed Al Hamadani ◽

Meeri Kadhim Mubasher Al-Fatlawi ◽

Mohamd Khalel Ibrahim

Keyword(s):

Plant Extracts ◽

Larval Stage ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Water Extract ◽

Hot Water ◽

Pomegranate Peel ◽

Hypera Postica ◽

Hot Water Extract ◽

Pomegranate Peel Extract ◽

Peel Extract

Abstract The research was conducted in the laboratory of insects in the Faculty of Agriculture/the University of Muthanna about studying the effect of Hot water extract of the pomegranate peels, eucalyptus leaves and basil leaves in different stages (egg, larva, pupa and adult) for Alfalfa Weevil Hypera postica. The results showed that the pomegranate peel extract superiority the percentage of mortality in all the stages used in the experiment over the other plant extracts mentioned above, followed by eucalyptus leaf extract and then basil leaf extract, The results showed that the pomegranate peel extract was effective in controlling the larval stage of the insect, especially st and 2nd larvae instars in addition to the adult stage, the highest percentage of mortality in the larval stage of the insect at the first larval age was (60.0, 46.6 and 26.7%) For all extracts respectively at 1.5 mg/ml after 5 days of treatment. In the pupae stage the highest percentage of mortality was (16.7, 10.0 and 03.3%) at the concentration of 1.5 mg/ml For all extracts respectively. while the effectiveness was very weak in controlling of the eggs and pupa of insect and all extracts. where the highest percentage of mortality in the eggs was at 1.5 mg/ml. It was (20.0, 10.0 and 03.3%) respectively after 7 days of treatment. While The highest mortality rate in adult was (53.3, 40.0 and 16.7%) At 1.5mg/ml for all extracts respectively compared with control treatment (00.0%) for all the insect stages. The plant extracts used in the experiment at a concentration of 0.5 mg/ml did not show any effect on the rates of insect death after a day of treatment and for all stages that reaching (00.0%).

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Sweet chestnut standardized fractions from sustainable circular process and green tea extract: In vitro inhibitory activity against phytopathogenic fungi for innovative applications in green agriculture

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0247298 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (2) ◽

pp. e0247298

Author(s):

Annalisa Romani ◽

Gabriele Simone ◽

Margherita Campo ◽

Lorenzo Moncini ◽

Roberta Bernini

Keyword(s):

Filamentous Fungi ◽

Green Tea ◽

Membrane Filtration ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Hot Water ◽

Industrial Plant ◽

Sweet Chestnut ◽

Polyphenolic Content ◽

Tea Leaf ◽

Chestnut Wood

In the present study, the antifungal activities of two commercial tannins-rich dry fractions towards different filamentous fungi of agronomical and food interest were evaluated. In particular, a standardized fraction from sweet chestnut (Castanea sativa Mill.) wood by-products and a commercial green tea (Camellia sinensis L.) leaf extract were tested at different concentrations (0.1–5.0% and 0.2% w/v respectively). The Sweet Chestnut Wood fraction was produced in an industrial plant through an environmentally and economically sustainable process, involving hot-water extraction and a sequence of membrane filtration steps with different molecular cut-offs for fractionation and concentration of the active principles. The Sweet Chestnut Wood and Green Tea Leaf extracts were characterised via HPLC/DAD/MS quali-quantitative analysis. The first extract showed a polyphenolic content of 20.5% w/w, 100% hydrolysable tannins; the second one showed a polyphenolic content of 87.5% w/w, of which 96.2% epigallocatechin gallate and 3.8% epicatechin gallate. The antifungal activity of the Sweet Chestnut fraction in aqueous solutions was evaluated towards different filamentous fungi, in particular telluric phytopathogens (Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici; Fusarium solani; Rhizoctonia solani; Sclerotium rolfsii) and post harvest pathogens (Botrytis cinerea, that can also attack field plants; Penicillium digitatum; Penicillium italicum), and compared to the activity of Green Tea Leaf extract solutions. The experimental results evidenced, for almost all tested fungi, inhibition of the mycelial growth rate in presence of tannins. The lowest inhibitions were observed for B. cinerea (7.5%, to 28.9%) and P. italicum (53.8% in 5.0% w/v Sweet Chestnut extract substrate). A proportional inhibitory effect to tannin concentration was observed for F. oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici and F. solani (from 33.7% to 56.6%), R. solani (from 29.7% to 68.8%) and P. digitatum (64.7% to 87.0%). The highest effect resulted for S. rolfsii, (5.0% to 100%).

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Combined Effects of Hot Water and Eucalyptus Leaf Extract on the Storability of Cyprus Local Mandarin

10.21203/rs.3.rs-244789/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Ibrahim Kahramanoglu ◽

Seyda Aldag ◽

Kenan Umar ◽

Murat Helvaci ◽

Turgut Alas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Loss ◽

Fruit Quality ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Positive Impact ◽

Tap Water ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Hot Water ◽

Current Work ◽

Combined Effects ◽

Hot Water Dipping

Abstract Current work was conducted to evaluate the influences of hot water dipping (HWD) treatment and its combination with Eucalyptus leaves on the postharvest storability of Cyprus local mandarins. This experiment consisted of five different treatments, which are: 1) control (dipping fruits into tap water for 3 min); 2) hot water dipping (HWD) at 55 °C for 2 min; 3) hot water dipping (HWD) at 55 °C for 3 min; 4) hot water dipping (HWD) + Eucalyptus leaf (EL) at 55 °C for 2 min; and 5) hot water dipping (HWD) + Eucalyptus leaf (EL) at 55 °C for 3 min. According to the main findings of current work, HWD alone or in combination with the Eucalyptus leaf are effective for preventing the weight loss and protection of some other quality parameters. Overall all, results suggested that the incorporating Eucalyptus leaves into the HWD treatment improves the efficacy of the HWD, and makes it possible to reduce the dipping duration required for higher positive impact on the postharvest fruit quality.

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Health and Quality of Wheat Seed Samples Collected from Sadar Upazilla of Thakurgaon District and Control of Seed-Borne Fungi

International Journal of Pathogen Research ◽

10.9734/ijpr/2020/v4i230110 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 46-58

Author(s):

M. A. Jabbar ◽

N. Muhammad ◽

M. M. Rahaman ◽

M. G. Haque

Keyword(s):

Seed Germination ◽

Fungal Infection ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Fungal Infections ◽

Bipolaris Sorokiniana ◽

Hot Water ◽

Wheat Seed ◽

Wheat Varieties ◽

Neem Leaf Extract ◽

Wheat Seeds

Wheat seed samples were collected from ten unions of sadar upazilla of Thakurgaon district in wheat growing season of 2011. Seeds were tested by blotter method at Seed Pathology Center (SPC), Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh during the months April to November 2011 for recording and identifying the seed-borne fungi associated with wheat seeds. The health status of 20 seed samples were determined whereas five genera fungi were identified from a total of six fungus. The fungi were Bipolaris sorokiniana, Alternaria tenuis, Fusarium spp, Penicillium sp, Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus niger. Prevalence of the total as well as the individual seed-borne fungal infections that were recorded varied significantly with respect to wheat varieties and sources of seed collection. Seed samples collected from Jagonathpur and Gorea unions of sadar upazilla showed highest percentage of seed-borne infection compared to the samples collection from other unions for both varieties. The seed-borne fungal infection in Hazar-8 and Satabdi collected from other unions showed lowest percentage of seed-borne fungal infection than that of Jagonathpur and Gorea unions. Seed germination also varied significantly depending on the varieties and the seed sources and a positive correlation between seed germination and seed-borne fungal infections were observed. Three seed treating agents viz., neem leaf extract 1:2, hot water and Provax were evaluated for controlling seed-borne fungi associated with wheat seeds. Among the seed treating agents, Provax was found superior to reduce the seed-borne infection of wheat. The results also showed that neem leaf extract at 1:2 dilutions was observed to be the most effective in reducing seed-borne fungi with highest percentage of germination followed by hot water treatment.

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Eco-friendly management of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides, incitant of fruit rot of guava (Psidium guajava)

ANNALS OF PLANT AND SOIL RESEARCH ◽

10.47815/apsr.2021.10049 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 23 (2) ◽

pp. 156-163

Author(s):

H CHOURASIA ◽

Keyword(s):

Leaf Extract ◽

Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽

Psidium Guajava ◽

Hot Water ◽

Fruit Rot ◽

Ocimum Sanctum ◽

Piper Betle ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

Dual Culture ◽

Clove Extract

The present study was conducted at Tej Narayan Banaili College, T.M. Bhagalpur University, Bhagalpur, Bihar during 2015-2017 to evaluate the efficacy of 8 medicinal plants viz. Datura stramonium (datura), Curcuma longa (turmeric), Azadirachta indica (neem), Zingiber officinale (ginger), Allium sativum (garlic), Ocimum sanctum (tulsi), Nyctanthus arbortristis (harsringar) and Piper betle (betel/paan) and 4 bioagents viz. Trichoderma harzianum, T. viride, Gliocladium virens and Chaetomium globosum against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc., an incitant of fruit rot disease of guava (Psidium guajava Linn.). A maximum inhibition of mycelial growth of pathogen was recorded in garlic clove extract (80%) followed by betel leaf extract (76%), turmeric rhizome extract (74%), neem leaf extract (70%) and ginger rhizome extract (64%). Harsringar leaf extract was found as the least effective (56%). In pre-and post-inoculation tests, all the phytoextracts were found significantly superior in reducing Colletotrichum rot severity on 7 days after treatments as compared to control. Garlic clove extract again proved highly effective in reducing fruit rot severity after 7 days after inoculation in both pre - and post - inoculation treatments. In vitro dual culture experiments, maximum growth inhibition was recorded with T. viride (76.5%) followed by G. virens (72.2%), T. harzianum (67.6%) and least inhibition by C. globosum (44.7%) In both pre - and post- inoculation treatments with antagonists, maximum DRI (disease reduction index) was noticed with C. globosum (69.2 and 62.4%) followed by T. harzianum (51.9 and 56.7%), G. virens (44.8 and 46.9%) and least with T. viride (38.1 and 35.4%). The rot incidence at 8 DAI (days after inoculation) was significantly higher than that at 4 DAI. The hot water fruit dip treatment at 50OC for 5 min was found best for controlling the rot without hampering the fruit quality.

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Quality Characteristics of Senior-Friendly Gelatin Gels Formulated with Hot Water Extract from Red Maple Leaf as a Novel Anthocyanin Source

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10123074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (12) ◽

pp. 3074

Author(s):

Dong-Heon Song ◽

Tae-Wan Gu ◽

Hyun-Wook Kim

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Water Extract ◽

Hot Water ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Anthocyanin Content ◽

Red Maple ◽

Antioxidant Power ◽

Hot Water Extract ◽

Gelatin Gels

The objectives of this study were to evaluate antioxidant capacity of hot water extract from red maple leaf with different extraction times (experiment I) and to determine their impacts on color, free anthocyanin content, and hardness of gelatin gels (experiment II). In experiment I, hot water extraction time (30, 60, 120, 180, and 360 min at 60 °C) was fixed as a main effect. The different extraction times had no impacts on total polyphenol content and DPPH radical scavenging activity (p > 0.05). However, extraction time for 360 min could decrease anthocyanin content as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (p < 0.05). In experiment II, 6%, 18%, and 30% gelatin gels were prepared without/with red maple leaf extract (1000 mg/L). The red maple leaf extract significantly increased redness, yellowness, and hardness, but decreased free anthocyanin content. Such impacts were obviously observed at high gelatin concentration. Thus, red maple leaf extract could be a novel anthocyanin source for improving antioxidant capacity and reddish color of gelatin gels. However, the addition amount of red maple leaf extract may be limited in the development of senior-friendly jelly food for soft texture in that it could increase the hardness of the gelatin gel.

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Effects of neem leaf extract and hot water treatments on shelf life and quality of banana

Journal of the Bangladesh Agricultural University ◽

10.3329/jbau.v16i3.39389 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 351-356

Author(s):

Mahmuda Siddiqua ◽

Shamim Ahmed Kamal Uddin Khan ◽

Parsa Tabassum ◽

Sabiha Sultana

Keyword(s):

Shelf Life ◽

Leaf Extract ◽

Color Change ◽

Disease Incidence ◽

Titratable Acidity ◽

Hot Water ◽

Ambient Conditions ◽

Minimum Change ◽

Color Score ◽

Neem Leaf Extract

A huge loss of banana occurs due to its shorter shelf life and inappropriate postharvest handling. There is a scarce of effective postharvest practices to combat this situation in Bangladesh. In this context, the current experiment was conducted to assess the effects of hot water (45°C for 2 or 5 minutes) and neem leaf extract (20% or 40%) on quality and shelf life of banana (cv. Sabri). The experiment was carried out in completely randomized design with three replications. Data on physico-chemical properties of banana were collected during storage in ambient conditions for two weeks. After two weeks of storage, the banana treated with 40% neem leaf extract showed longest shelf life (8.33 days), minimum change in color (score 4.88), minimum disease incidence (33.33%) and severity (score 2.23), lower reduction of titratable acidity (0.12%) and lower level of total soluble solid (6.90%). While the banana were treated with hot water at 45°C for 2 min, the treated banana also showed lower color change (score 4.53), longer shelf life (8.33 days), minimum loss of firmness (score 4.67), minimum change in vitamin C content (2.17mg/100g) and lower reduction in titratable acidity (0.11%). Among the combined treatments, the banana treated with the combination of hot water (at 45°C for 5 minutes)and 40% neem leaf extract also exhibited considerably longer shelf life (8.17 days), lower change in color (score 5.00), lower disease incidence (46.67%) and lower reduction in titratable acidity (0.15%). From the study it could be concluded that the fruit treated with 40% neem leaf extract retained the majority of the quality parameters for considerably longer period and thereby it could be recommended for practical use to ensure better and longer storage of banana (cv. Sabri) J.Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 16(3): 351–356, December 2018

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