Comparison of Anti-Inflammatory Efficacy of Ocimum Sanctum, Azadirachta Indica and their Combination with Aspirin in Chemically Induced Acute Inflammation.

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 1509-1518
Author(s):  
Aakash Kewlani ◽  
Seema Bhalerao ◽  
Harshavardhan Bhide ◽  
Teja Deshpande ◽  
Abhijeet Tilak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Comparable Efficacy ◽  
Ocimum Sanctum ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

Scope and Objective:Ocimum sanctum and Azadirachta indicaare known to be safe and effective anti-inflammatory agents in ayurveda. So, this study was planned to evaluate and compare anti-inflammatory activity of Ocimum sanctum, Azadirachta indica and combination of Ocimum sanctum + Azadirachta indica (COA) with Aspirin on acute inflammation in rats and also to assess mechanism behind their anti-inflammatory action. Materials and Methods: Wistar albino rats of either sex (150-250 g) were divided into 5 groups with six rats in each group. To induce inflammation, formalin (2.5%, 0.1 ml) was injected into sub-plantar region of left hind paw of rats. The study groups were administered orally with distilled water (3 ml), Aspirin (200 mg/kg), Ocimum sanctum (400 mg/kg), Azadirachta indica (500 mg/kg) and COA (400 mg/kgOcimum sanctum+500 mg/kgAzadirachta indica) half an hour before the formalin challenge. Effect of test drugs on acute inflammation was assessed by rat paw oedema test&mechanism behind their action was assessed using histopathological examination. Results:In rat paw oedema test, Ocimum sanctum, Azadirachta indica and COA groups showed significant reductionin oedema as compared to control; Azadirachta indica and COA groupsalso showed comparable effect to Aspirin group. In histopathological examination, Aspirin, Azadirachta indica and COA groups caused significant reduction in vasodilation, oedema, infiltration and margination of neutrophils while Ocimum sanctum group only caused significant reduction in oedema. Conclusion: This study revealedthat all test groups have significant anti-inflammatory efficacy;Azadirachta indica and COA also have comparable efficacy to Aspirin.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory and Anti-arthritic Activities ofMerremia tridentate(L.) Hall. f.

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 943-948 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kamalutheen ◽  
S. Gopalakrishnan ◽  
T. Syed Ismail
Keyword(s):  
Ethanol Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Arthritis Model ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Dependent Activity ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

The various extracts ofMerremia tridentatewere investigated for its anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities in male albino rats. The anti-inflammatory activity was carried out using carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model and the anti-arthritic activity was carried out using complete Freund’s adjuvant induced arthritis model. Indomethacin (10 mg/kg bw) was used as a standard drug. The ethanol extract ofM. tridentateexhibited significant dose dependent activity in acute inflammation and the doses of 100 mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw produced 38.3% and 42.8% inhibition respectively after 3 h as compared with that of the standard drug which showed 48.5% inhibition. In arthritis model, the doses of 100 mg/kg bw and 200 mg/kg bw of the ethanol extract produced 49.0% and 51.7% inhibition respectively after 19 days when compared with that of the standard drug (55.5%). Both doses of the ethanol extract ofM. tridentateexhibit significant anti-inflammatory and anti-arthritic activities.

scholarly journals Anti-inflammatory properties of Dirinaria consimilis extracts in albino rats

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Bharadwaj Tatipamula ◽  
Girija Sastry Vedula
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Chloroform Extract ◽  
Acetone Extract ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

BackgroundEarlier, the lichens are used in traditional medicines by different cultures across the world. As the Dirinaria genus has been shown to be biologically active against inflammation in folklore, we assessed the in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory profile of Dirinaria consimilis.Material and methodsInitially, the hydroalcoholic extract of lichen, D. consimilis (Dc-HE) was prepared and re-extracted with n-hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol. The resultant extracts were evaluated for their in vitro (protein denaturation method), acute toxicity and in vivo (formalin-induced rat paw oedema assay) anti-inflammatory studies.ResultsAmong all the tested extracts, the acetone and chloroform extract of D. consimilis depicted prominent anti-inflammatory activity in both the bioassays. The acetone extract inhibited protein denaturation with IC50 value of about 468 µg/mL while the standard (Indomethacin) with 120 µg/mL. Moreover, the Dc-HE was screened for acute toxicity studies in male albino rats up to 2000 mg/Kg b.w dosage. The in vivo anti-inflammatory analysis of acetone extract (200 mg/mL) showed potent reduction of rat paw oedema nearer to that of the standard, whereas chloroform extract depicted moderate depletion and the other extracts revealed mild inhibitory profile against inflammation.ConclusionThis study reveals that the lichen, D. consimilis might be a good source of anti-inflammatory agents.

Fibrinolytic, Anti-Inflammatory and Cytotoxic Potentialities of Extracts and Chemical Constituents of Manglicolous Lichen, Graphis ajarekarii Patw. & C. R. Kulk

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-93 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinay Bharadwaj Tatipamula ◽  
Girija Sastry Vedula
Keyword(s):  
Protein Denaturation ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Chemical Constituents ◽  
Fibrin Clot ◽  
Hydroalcoholic Extract ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

Background: Lichens which are betide to mangroves are termed as Manglicolous Lichens (ML). As these ML are habituated under stress conditions, they are screened for unique metabolites and biological activities. Objective: The study aimed to establish the chemical and biological profile of ML, Graphis ajarekarii. Methods: The Ethyl Acetate Extract of G. ajarekarii (EAE) was subjected to chromatographic techniques and the obtained isolates were characterized by spectroscopic analysis. The hydroalcoholic extract of G. ajarekarii (AE), EAE, isolates and Hydroalcoholic Extract of host (HE) were evaluated for fibrinolytic (fibrin clot method), in vitro (protein denaturation method) and in vivo (formalin-induced rat paw oedema assay), anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity (MTT assay) activities. Results: Chemical investigation of the EAE led to the isolation of two known compounds namely atranorin (1) and ribenone (2), which were confirmed by spectral data. The AE and EAE gradually lysed the fibrin clot with 94.54 and 65.07%, respectively, at 24 h. The AE inhibited protein denaturation of about 88.06%, while the standard (Indomethacin) with 93.62%. Similarly, the in vivo antiinflammatory analysis of AE (200 mg/mL) showed potent reduction of rat paw oedema than the standard, whereas EAE and 1 depicted moderate depletion. In addition, the AE revealed prominence inhibition on MCF-7, DU145 and K-562 with IC50 values of 69.5, 42.5 and 38 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the HE exhibited mild inhibitory profile against fibrin clot, inflammation and cancer. Conclusion: From the results, it can be concluded that the G. ajarekarii has an aptitude to act against coagulation, inflammation and cancer cells.

Anti-Inflammatory Constituents of Alchornea cordifolia Leaves

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 60-64
Author(s):  
AA Ahmadu ◽  
A Agunu ◽  
EM Abdurrahman
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
West Africa ◽  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Methyl Gallate ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Analgesic Agents ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

Alchornea cordifolia (Schum and Thonn) Muell. Arg. (Euphorbiaceae) is a traditional medicinal plant widely distributed in West Africa including Nigeria.The plant has been used for ethnomedicinal purposes against wounds, ulcers, and sores. The decoction of the leaves has been reported to provide remedies for bronchial problems, rheumatic pain and cough. From the dichloromethane and ethyl acetate soluble parts of the Methanol leaf extract, two compounds namely Lup-20(29)-en-3c-ol (lupenol) and Methyl 3, 4,5-trihydroxy benzoate (Methyl gallate) were isolated and their structures elucidated. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of the compounds on carrageenan-induced paw oedema and formalin-induced pain in rats showed that compound 2 significantly (P<0.05) inhibit rat paw oedema compared to the standard drugs (Piroxicam and Morphine) used, while on formalin-induced pain in rats, the same trend was observed and were both comparable to Piroxicam and morphine, the standard anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents used, respectively. Compound 1 did not show any significant anti-inflammatory activity compared to control, likewise compound 2. Thus, compound 2, Methyl trihydroxy benzoate, might be responsible for the anti-inflammatory and analgesic properties of this plant.Keywords: Alchornea cordifolia, Anti-inflammatory, Analgesic, Methyl Trihydroxy Benzoate

scholarly journals A New Cytotoxic Sesquiterpene and Three Anti-inflammatory Flavonoids from Egyptian Tanacetum Santolinoides

2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (11) ◽  
pp. 1934578X0700201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrin R. M. Ibrahim ◽  
Jihan M. Badr ◽  
Khalid A. El Sayed ◽  
Diaa T. A. Youssef
Keyword(s):  
Cytotoxic Activity ◽  
Brine Shrimp ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Spectral Characteristics ◽  
Mass Spectral ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

A re-investigation of the methanolic extract of the aerial parts of Tanacetum santolinoides has resulted in the isolation of a new sesquiterpene, tanacetonic acid (1), along with three known methoxylated flavonoids. The structure of the isolated compounds was secured based on their IR, UV, 1D and 2D (1H-1H COSY, HSQC and HMBC) NMR spectroscopic and FAB mass spectral characteristics. The new sesquiterpene showed a significant cytotoxic activity when tested using the brine shrimp bioassay, while the three flavonoids demonstrated anti-inflammatory effects in the rat paw oedema test.

scholarly journals Anti-Inflammatory Activity of Pleurotus ostreatus, a Culinary Medicinal Mushroom, in Wistar Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
W. J. A. Banukie N. Jayasuriya ◽  
Shiroma M. Handunnetti ◽  
Chandanie A. Wanigatunge ◽  
Gita H. Fernando ◽  
D. Thusitha U. Abeytunga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pleurotus Ostreatus ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
No Production ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Freeze Dried ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

Context. Pleurotus ostreatus (P.o) is a culinary mushroom which is commonly called as “oyster mushroom” belonging to the Basidiomycetous fungi of the order Agaricales and family Pleurotaceae. Objectives. The present study investigates the anti-inflammatory potential of P.o and the underlying mechanisms of activity. Materials and Methods. Anti-inflammatory activity was evaluated using suspensions of freeze-dried and powdered (SFDP) P.o and acetone extract (AE) of P.o in normal and alloxan-induced diabetic rats using the carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema model. The mechanisms by which P.o is mediating the anti-inflammatory activity were studied using in vivo and in vitro assays. Results. At doses of 500–1000 mg/kg, the SFDP of P.o showed long-lasting activity at both early and late phases of carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema. The dose of 750 mg/kg showed the most potent inhibitory activity (92% inhibition) in healthy rats. The AE of P.o showed maximum inhibition of oedema of 87%. P.o exerted protective effects on the inflammatory pathologies in rats with diabetes. The possible mechanisms by which P.o mediates the anti-inflammatory activity were antihistamine activity (52.1%), inhibition of cell migration to the site of inflammation (45.4%), in vitro membrane stabilizing activity (52.6%), and inhibition of nitric oxide (NO) production (91.2%) (P<0.05). Dose-dependent inhibition of NO production was seen with in vitro treatment of rat peritoneal cells with AE of P.o (r = 0.95; P<0.05). Discussion and Conclusion. The promising activity of culinary mushroom P.o against inflammation suggests its potential application as a functional food during inflammatory conditions.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Evaluation of New Coumarin Derivatives as Antioxidant, Antimicrobial, and Anti-Inflammatory Agents

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (14) ◽  
pp. 3251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan M. Alshibl ◽  
Ebtehal S. Al-Abdullah ◽  
Mogedda E. Haiba ◽  
Hamad M. Alkahtani ◽  
Ghada E.A. Awad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Significant Inhibition ◽  
Coumarin Derivatives ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Cox 2 ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Orally Active ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema ◽  
Sulfonamide Compound

New pyranocoumarin and coumarin-sulfonamide derivatives were prepared and evaluated for their antioxidant, antimicrobial, and/or anti-inflammatory activities. Coumarin-sulfonamide compounds 8a–d demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, while 7c,d, 8c,d, and 9c,d exhibited antimicrobial activity equal to or higher than the standard antimicrobials against at least one tested microorganism. Regarding the anti-inflammatory testing, pyranocoumarins 2b, 3a,b and 5c and coumarin-sulfonamide compound 9a showed more potent antiproteinase activity than aspirin in vitro; however, five compounds were as potent as aspirin. The anti-inflammatory activity of the promising compounds was further assessed pharmacologically on formaldehyde-induced rat paw oedema and showed significant inhibition of oedema. For in vitro COX-inhibitory activity of coumarin derivatives, pyranocoumarin derivative 5a was the most selective (SI = 152) and coumarin-sulfonamide derivative 8d was most active toward COX-2 isozyme. The most active derivatives met the in silico criteria for orally active drugs; thus, they may serve as promising candidates to develop more potent and highly efficient antioxidant, antimicrobial, and/or anti-inflammatory agents.

Anti-inflammatory effect of rutin on rat paw oedema, and on neutrophils chemotaxis and degranulation

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 313-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laid Selloum ◽  
Hamama Bouriche ◽  
Chafia Tigrine ◽  
Chahra Boudoukha
Keyword(s):  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema ◽  
Inflammatory Effect

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF EFFECT OF AQUEOUS EXTRACT OF PORTULACA OLERACEA LINN. LEAVES IN ACUTE INFLAMMATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-2
Author(s):  
M. Medhabati ◽  
L. Babycha ◽  
L. Tarinita ◽  
Bikram Tewari ◽  
Saumya Kanti Sinha
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Extract ◽  
Acute Inflammation ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Inflammatory Activity ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Standard Drug ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Inflammatory Action

In the present study, the anti-inflammatory activity of aqueous extract of Portulaca oleracea (POE 200, 400 and 600mg/kg) was studied using carrageenan induced paw oedema in albino rats. The mean increase in paw volume was recorded. POE produced significant (p<,0.01) anti-inflammatory activity when compared to the control. The anti-inflammatory action of POEcan be attributed to its flavonoid contents which are known to act through inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis. However, the test drug at maximum dose (600mg/kg) was found to be less effective than the standard drug, aspirin (100mg/Kg).

scholarly journals Phytochemical and Pharmacological evaluation of hibiscus hispidissimus griff

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 2063-2067
Author(s):  
Alekhya V ◽  
Ganapaty S ◽  
Deepan T
Keyword(s):  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Ethanolic Extract ◽  
Phytochemical Analysis ◽  
Zone Of Inhibition ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Aerial Parts ◽  
Paw Oedema ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Rat Paw ◽  
Rat Paw Oedema

To assess phytochemical with pharmacological studies of Hibiscus hispidissimus griff belong to family malavaceae. Preliminary phytochemical analysis reveals the presence of steroids, triterpenes, saponins, steroidal saponins and phenols. Evaluation of anti-inflammatory, anti-microbial with antioxidant action were performed on aerial parts of methanolic extract of Hibiscus hispidissimus. Invitro antioxidant activity was performed by 2, 2 -diphenyl- 1- picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) assay, hydroxy radical scavenging method and superoxide radical scavenging activity.The results of invitro antioxidant study reveal that % inhibition of H. hispidissimus  was higher compared to ascorbic acid. Anti-inflammatory studies were performed using carrageenan-induced rat paw oedema animal model, for anti-inflammatory studies, the extracts were compared with standards like indomethacin, and it shows a remarkable zone of inhibition ranging from 58.97 to 71.73 respectively. The anti-bacterial and antifungal activity of plant extracts were studied for the occurrence of inhibition zones. The activity was performed by the cup plate method. Ethanolic extract of H. Hispidissimus  shows significant anti-bacterial effect against S. Aureus, B. Subtilis, P. Vulgaris and E. coli using ciprofloxacin (50µg/ml) as standard.The extracts show remarkable inhibition of zone of inhibition, and results were compared with that of standard drugs against the organism tested. In conclusion, the ethanolic extract of H. hispidissimus  shows  significant antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and anti-bacterial properties.

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