scholarly journals Soziogeographische Variation im Deutschen und ihre Übersetzung ins Italienische

2021 ◽  
Vol 111 (6) ◽  
pp. 209-220
Author(s):  
Lucia Cinato

The translation of multilingual texts, in which diatopic, diastratic and diaphasic varieties contribute to the characterization of the figures and their milieus, poses the problem of the sociolinguistic adequacy of the translation. It is well known that the greatest challenge lies in the varieties caused by the spatial variation of the language, since it is practically impossible to establish perfect equivalence between dialects. However, the reproduction of diamesic varieties, in particular the written reproduction of the spoken language, can cause great difficulties for translators. The article presents the TRADIVARIO project, the aim of which is to investigate strategies and tendencies in the translation of multilingual literary texts for the German-Italian language pair that are characterized by a pronounced sociolinguistic stratification or representative of the variety structure of the spoken language of the present. In addition, the concrete goal of the project is the creation of a parallel corpus as well as the development of a digital platform, which makes the results of the investigation researchable and which can serve as a tool both for translators and learners and as an empirical basis for contrastive linguistic research.

Author(s):  
Francesco Vitucci

This study focuses on the translation of the genderlect uttered by the transgender protagonist of the Japanese movie Close-Knit directed by Ogigami Naoko (2017) within the context of interlingual subtitling in the Japanese-Italian language pair. According to recent research in the field of AVT, gender translation may disclose important clues about the way identity-related issues are perceived in a source and in a target language. In particular, the rendition of ‘liquid’ genderlects challenges the belief that Japanese society is naturally divided into two sexes/genders and that there are two separate linguistic codes for female and male speakers. By utilizing a constructionist framework that treats gender as a complex and fluid cultural construct, this study intends to stress the importance of disentangling gender norms from dominant heterosexist discourses, and how sociocultural markers of the spoken language need effective transposition in subtitles. Especially, when gender issues emerging from Japanese movies must be translated for non-English speaking target audiences.


2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-49
Author(s):  
Avinash Singh ◽  
Asmeet Kour ◽  
Shubhnandan S. Jamwal

The objective behind this paper is to analyze the English-Dogri parallel corpus translation. Machine translation is the translation from one language into another language. Machine translation is the biggest application of the Natural Language Processing (NLP). Moses is statistical machine translation system allow to train translation models for any language pair. We have developed translation system using Statistical based approach which helps in translating English to Dogri and vice versa. The parallel corpus consists of 98,973 sentences. The system gives accuracy of 80% in translating English to Dogri and the system gives accuracy of 87% in translating Dogri to English system.


Geoderma ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 207-208 ◽  
pp. 310-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
François Jonard ◽  
Mohammad Mahmoudzadeh ◽  
Christian Roisin ◽  
Lutz Weihermüller ◽  
Frédéric André ◽  
...  

Corpora ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marlén Izquierdo ◽  
Knut Hofland ◽  
Øystein Reigem

This paper describes the compilation of the ACTRES Parallel Corpus, an English–Spanish translation corpus built at the Department of Modern Languages at the University of León (Spain) by the ACTRES research group. The computerisation of the corpus was carried out in collaboration with Knut Hofland and Øystein Reigem, from the Department of Culture, Language and Information Technology, Aksis, at the UNIFOB/University of Bergen (Norway). The corpus is conceived as a powerful tool for cross-linguistic research in the fields of Contrastive Analysis and Descriptive Translation Studies. It was the need to bridge the gap between these disciplines and to extend applications that encouraged the building of a parallel corpus as a suitable tool to achieve these goals. This paper focusses on the practical aspects of building the corpus. A brief account of the research which prompted this endeavour precedes the description of this process. 4 4 This paper is an account of the building of the ACTRES Parallel Corpus, so no empirical results from research done on the basis of the corpus are reported here. Concerning new insights drawn from the actual use of P-ACTRES in English–Spanish translation and contrastive projects, there is an extended bibliography at: http://actres.unileon.es/


Virittäjä ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (2) ◽  
pp. 162
Author(s):  
Auli Hakulinen ◽  
Lea Laitinen

Anaphoric zero: Grammar and affect [myös suomeksi] (englanti)2/2008 (112)Anaphoric zero: Grammar and affectThe article examines the syntactic and semantic properties of the anaphoric zero in spoken and written Finnish. Referentially, the zero is equivalent to the third person pronoun hn he/she or he they. However, the writers started out with the hypothesis that this does not necessarily hold for other possible kinds of meaning conveyed by the two different devices, the anaphoric zero and anaphoric pronouns. In standardised written language the conditions for use of the zero are fairly clear cut: within a sentence it is mainly used as an anaphoric device, but in a subordinate clause that precedes the main clause it is also used as a forward-looking, anticipatory anaphor. In spoken language as well as in literary prose the syntactic conditions are more flexible. During the course of the research, it was the literary texts that proved especially fruitful for understanding the implications involved in the use of the anaphoric zero.In earlier work (e.g. Kalliokoski 1990; Heinonen 1995), it has been pointed out that the anaphoric zero typically ties two successive clauses together more tightly than a pronoun would. The writers are able to show that it does something else as well. In talk-in-interaction, it conveys the speakers commitment to and often affiliation with the previous speakers perspective and stance. In reported speech - both in spoken language and in literary dialogue - the zero can convey the speakers attitude concerning the thoughts of the person being referred to, for example irony and empathy.The writers argue that when the zero represents one alternative in a paradigm it is empty only in (morpho)syntactical terms, not in terms of meaning. Whether the speaker chooses a pronoun (hn or he) or a zero, he/she makes a rhetorical choice. The zero alternative creates implications, expressing the speakers affective stance and attitude in relation to the characters in the story, or his/her interpretation of the speech, thought or behaviour of the co-participant or the story character that he/she is quoting.It is striking that in more than 90 per cent of the 150 examples used, the verb is at the beginning of the utterance or turn. In the rest of the cases, the verb is often preceded by an epistemic adverb (varmaan definitely, tuskin hardly), or the utterance is formed as a fixed construction. The writers hypothesise that the grammar of the anaphoric zero should include verb initial position as one of its constitutive factors. This factor is typical both for co-ordinated and subordinated sentences of the standard written language that are governed by syntactic rules, and for the turn-initial expressions that arise from the speakers or narrators affective stance towards the matter at hand.Auli Hakulinen Lea Laitinen- - - - - - - - - - - -Anaforinen nolla: Kielioppia ja affektejaArtikkeli käsittelee anaforisen nollan syntaktisia ja semanttisia ominaisuuksia puhutussa ja kirjoitetussa suomessa. Referentiaalisesti nolla vastaa kolmannen persoonan pronomineja hän, he. Lähdimme kuitenkin siitä oletuksesta, että vastaavuus ei välttämättä koske niiden muita funktioita. Normitetussa kirjakielessä nollan käytön ehdot ovat jokseenkin selvät: virkkeen rajoissa se on anaforinen mutta päälausetta edeltävässä sivulauseessa myös eteenpäin katsova, ennakoiva anafora. Puhutussa kielessä samoin kuin kaunokirjallisessa proosassa anaforisen nollan syntaktiset ehdot ovat joustavammat. Varsinkin kaunokirjalliset tekstit osoittautuivat hedelmällisiksi yrittäessmme tutkimuksen kuluessa ymmrätää nollan käyttöön liittyviä implikaatioita. Aikaisemmassa tutkimuksessa (Kalliokoski 1990, Heinonen 1995) on todettu, että anaforinen nolla sitoo kaksi perättäistä lausetta tiukemmin yhteen kuin pronomini. Omassa tutkimuksessamme voimme osoittaa sen tekevän muutakin. Keskustelupuheessa se välittää puhujan sitoutumista ja usein asettumista (affiliaatiota) edellisen puhujan perspektiiviin ja asennoitumiseen. Referoinnissa - niin vapaassa puheessa kuin kaunokirjallisessa dialogissakin - nolla voi tuoda esiin puhujan asennoitumisen puheenalaisen henkilön ajatuksiin, esimerkiksi ironisia tai empaattisia affekteja.Väitämme siis, että kun nolla on yksi paradigman vaihtoehdoista, se on tyhjä vain (morfo)syntaktisesti, ei merkitykseltään. Käyttää puhuja sitten pronominia hän, he tai nollaa, hän tekee retorisen valinnan. Nollavaihtoehto luo implikaatioita, ilmaisee puhujan affektia ja suhtautumista kertomuksen henkilöön tai tulkintaa referoimansa puhekumppanin tai kertomuksen henkilön puheesta, ajattelusta tai käyttäytymisestä.Huomiota herttää, että yli 90 %:ssa 150 esimerkistämme verbi on lausuman- tai vuoronalkuinen. Lopuissa tapauksista verbi edeltää usein episteeminen adverbi (varmaan, tuskin) tai lausumana on kiteytynyt konstruktio. Hypoteesimme on, että verbialkuisuus on anaforisen nollan kieliopin tärkeä piirre. Se on tyypillinen kirjoitetussa kielessä sekä rinnasteisille ja alisteisille virkkeille, joita säätelevät kirjakielen normit, että vuoronalkuisille ilmauksille, jotka ilmentävät puhujan tai kertojan affektista suhtautumista käsillä olevaan. Auli Hakulinen Lea Laitinen


2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (22) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Luisa Chierichetti

This article, based on the most recent studies on telecinematic dialogue, proposes a contribution to linguistic research on television series, one of the most influential popular cultural products in contemporary society. The work is based on the complete scripts of the successful Spanish series Águila Roja, aired on Radio Televisión Española between 2009 and 2016. Combining techniques of corpus linguistics and discourse analysis, this study examines the characterization of Satur, one of the main characters of this fiction, through the co-construction of the meaning, as processed by the television audience. The results suggest that Satur’s discourse is characterized by the use of contemporary colloquial language and by incongruity; such features create humor and familiarity with the audience.


Author(s):  
Łukasz Grabowski ◽  
Nicholas Groom

Abstract This study uses both parallel and comparable reference corpora in the English-Polish language pair to explore how translators deal with recurrent multi-word items performing specific discoursal functions. We also consider whether the observed tendencies overlap with those found in native texts, and the extent to which the discoursal functions realised by the multi-word items under scrutiny are “preserved” in translation. Capitalizing on findings from earlier research (Granger, 2014; Grabar & Lefer, 2015), we analyzed a pre-selected set of phrases signaling stance-taking and those functioning as textual, discourse-structuring devices originally found in the European Parliament proceedings corpus (Koehn, 2005) and included in the English-Polish parallel corpus Paralela (Pęzik, 2016). Since our goal was to explore whether and to what extent English functionally-defined phrases reflect the same level of formulaicity and regularity in both Polish translations and native Polish texts, the findings provided insights into the translation tendencies of such items, and revealed – using inter-rater agreement metrics – that the discoursal functions of recurrent n-grams may change in translation.


2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanna Gandhi ◽  
Kiran Bhole

Various ways of fabricating a three-dimensional (3D) component in a single-layer exposure using spatial variation of exposure dose have been presented in the literature. While some of them are based on dynamic mask process, more recently, a process based on varying intensity of a scanning Gaussian laser beam termed as “bulk lithography” has been proposed. In bulk lithography, the entire varying depth 3D microstructure gets fabricated because of spatial variation of intensity of laser imposed at every point in single layer scan. For the bulk lithography process, this paper first presents experimental characterization of unconstrained depth photopolymerization of resin upon exposure to Gaussian laser beam. Experimental characterization carried out for two resins systems: namely 1,6 hexane diol-diacrylate (HDDA) and trimethylolpropane triacrylate (TMPTA), over relatively wider range of Ar+ laser exposure dose and time, show behavior well beyond Beer–Lambert law. A unified empirical model is proposed to represent the nondimensional depth variation with respect to the time and energy of exposure for both resins. Finally, using these models, successful fabrication of several microstructures including micro-Fresnel lens, textured curved surface, otherwise difficult or impossible to fabricate, is demonstrated. Several advantages of the bulk lithography as compared to other similar processes in the literature are highlighted.


2004 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 9-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marinella Caruso

This article reports on an investigation into the loss of morphology expressing temporality in the Italian of second generation Italo-Australians. The purpose of the study is to verify whether the loss of Italian tense and aspect morphology proceeds from marked to unmarked, where markedness is defined on the basis of formal and semantic criteria. Italian language samples are elicited through interviews with first and second generation Italo-Australians, and speakers are placed on an attritional continuum along which the verb forms are compared. The explanations for the patterns of loss identified in the data involve a combination of factors, such as markedness principles, universal or general characteristics of spoken language and interlinguistic influence of dialect.


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