scholarly journals Preliminary study on diminution level of RNA/DNA ratio in tissue of Labeo rohita by exposure to some endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-20
Author(s):  
Rita Verma ◽  
Atul K. Singh ◽  
Kamal Jaiswal
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ester ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Labeo Rohita ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Phthalic Acid Ester ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Effects of EDCs particularly on RNA/DNA ratio are yet to be investigated to manage the effluents in natural waters. We investigated exposure effects of endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) phthalic acid ester (PAE) and hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) on the RNA/DNA ratio in tissue of an Indian major carp Labeo rohita. Fish were exposed to pre-determined sublethal concentrations of phthalic acid ester (Di-methyl phthalate (DMP), di-butyl phthalate (DBP), and di-(2- ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) and also HCH for determining the tissue RNA/DNA ratio after 30, 60 and 90 days of exposure in the doses of 0.2 mg L-1, 0.3 mg L-1, and 0.5 mg L-1 respectively. All these tested chemicals significantly (P0.05) inhibited RNA/DNA ratio. The ratio gradually significantly (P0.05) decreased after DEHP where it was 1.9±0.51 F1, 18=15.8 P=0.014 n=19; in case of DBP it was 1.92±0.62 F1, 20=6.5 P=0.012 n=19 and for HCH it was 0.94±0.21 F1, 18=18.08 P=0.0012 n=19 at treatments concentrations of 0.3 mg L-1 and 0.5 mg L-1, compared to control (2.9±0.2) after 90 days. However, there was no statistical significance (P0.05) in RNA/DNA ratio after the DMP (F1, 20=2.4 P=0.15n=21) treatment.

scholarly journals Transfer of phthalates from c-polyvinyl chloride and cross-linked polyethylene pipe (PEX-b) into drinking water

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 588-596
Author(s):  
Derek R. Faust ◽  
Kimberly J. Wooten ◽  
Philip N. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Polyvinyl Chloride ◽  
Cold Water ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting Compounds ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Domestic Water ◽  
Benzyl Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Endocrine Disrupting ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Several different materials have been used for production of domestic water pipes throughout history. In recent years, the use of cross-linked polyethylene (PEX) pipe has increased dramatically, yet the potential for leaching of phthalates, which are endocrine disrupting compounds associated with adverse reproductive effects in humans, has not been examined. In this study, the potential of chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (cPVC) and red, blue, and heat PEX piping to leach phthalates into static hot and cold water after 2, 8, and 48 hours was evaluated. Concentrations of six phthalates, dimethyl phthalate (DMP), diethyl phthalate (DEP), dibutyl phthalate (DBP), benzyl-butyl phthalate (BBP), di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), and di(n-octyl) phthalate (DNOP), were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry. Pipe type (F3,71 = 15.6, P = 0.001) contributed significantly to phthalate concentrations in water, while temperature (F4,71 = 1.74, P = 0.106) and time (F4,71 = 1.02, P = 0.427) were not significant factors. Significantly higher concentrations of DEP, DBP, and BBP were observed in cPVC pipe (<method detection limits (MDL) to 466 ng L−1, 252–4,219 ng L−1, 473–18,400 ng L−1, respectively) compared to blue PEX (T2 = 12.2, P < 0.001; <MDL, <MDL − 140 ng L−1, <MDL − 459 ng L−1, respectively), red PEX (T2 = 19.3, P < 0.001; <MDL, <MDL − 188 ng L−1, <MDL − 881 ng L−1, respectively), and heat PEX (T2 = 19.9, P < 0.001; <MDL, <MDL − 162 ng L−1, <MDL − 169 ng L−1, respectively). Phthalate exposure from drinking water via cPVC or PEX is low when compared to other dietary sources. Nonetheless, a shift from cPVC to PEX pipes in households would decrease potential exposure to phthalates.

scholarly journals Biodegradation of Di (2-Ethylhexyl) Phthalate by a novel Enterobacter spp. Strain YC-IL1 Isolated from Polluted Soil, Mila, Algeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (20) ◽  
pp. 7501
Author(s):  
Imane Lamraoui ◽  
Adel Eltoukhy ◽  
Junhuan Wang ◽  
Messaouda Lamraoui ◽  
Amer Ahmed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Acid Ester ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Degradation Pathway ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Analysis ◽  
Phthalic Acid Ester ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Ring Structures ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) is one of the phthalic acid ester representatives and is mainly used as a plasticizer to endow polyvinyl chloride plastics with desirable physical properties. It is synthesized in massive amounts worldwide. Many studies have proved the adverse effects of DEHP on human health and wildlife. DEHP is labeled as an endocrine disruptor which causes human reproductive problems. Enterobacter spp. YC-IL1, a novel isolated strain from contaminated soil, was identified by 16S rRNA gene analysis and electronic microscope. It is capable of efficiently degrading DEHP (100%) and a wide range of phthalic acid ester PAEs, particularly those containing side chains with branches, or ring structures such as dutylbenzyl phthalate and dicyclohexyl phthalate, which are hard to degrade, with, respectively, 81.15% and 50.69% degradation after 7 days incubation. YC-IL1 is an acido-tolerant strain which remained in pH values lower than pH 5.0 with the optimum pH 7.0 and temperature 30 °C. The DEHP metabolites were detected using HPLC-QQQ and then the degradation pathway was tentatively proposed. Strain YC-IL1 showed high DEHP degradation rate in artificially contaminated soil with 86% removed in 6 days. These results indicate the application potential of YC-IL1 in bioremediation of PAE-polluted sites, even the acidic ones.

scholarly journals Degradation of dibutyl phthalate by Paenarthrobacter sp. Shss isolated from Saravan landfill, Hyrcanian Forests, Iran

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Shariati ◽  
C. Ebenau-Jehle ◽  
A. A. Pourbabaee ◽  
H. A. Alikhani ◽  
M. Rodriguez-Franco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ester ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Disposal Site ◽  
In Vitro Assays ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Hyrcanian Forests ◽  
Degrading Bacteria ◽  
Phthalic Acid Ester ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Acid Esters

AbstractPhthalic acid esters are predominantly used as plasticizers and are industrially produced on the million ton scale per year. They exhibit endocrine-disrupting, carcinogenic, teratogenic, and mutagenic effects on wildlife and humans. For this reason, biodegradation, the major process of phthalic acid ester elimination from the environment, is of global importance. Here, we studied bacterial phthalic acid ester degradation at Saravan landfill in Hyrcanian Forests, Iran, an active disposal site with 800 tons of solid waste input per day. A di-n-butyl phthalate degrading enrichment culture was established from which Paenarthrobacter sp. strain Shss was isolated. This strain efficiently degraded 1 g L–1 di-n-butyl phthalate within 15 h with a doubling time of 5 h. In addition, dimethyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, mono butyl phthalate, and phthalic acid where degraded to CO2, whereas diethyl hexyl phthalate did not serve as a substrate. During the biodegradation of di-n-butyl phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate was identified in culture supernatants by ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled to electrospray ionization quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. In vitro assays identified two cellular esterase activities that converted di-n-butyl phthalate to mono-n-butyl phthalate, and the latter to phthalic acid, respectively. Our findings identified Paenarthrobacter sp. Shss amongst the most efficient phthalic acid esters degrading bacteria known, that possibly plays an important role in di-n-butyl phthalate elimination at a highly phthalic acid esters contaminated landfill.

Quantitative structure‐retention relationships of the chromatographic retentions of phthalic acid ester contaminants in foods

2019 ◽  
Vol 42 (17) ◽  
pp. 2771-2778
Author(s):  
Qianqian Shen ◽  
Wenwen Tao ◽  
Yujie Guo ◽  
Shijia Wang ◽  
Yanfei Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ester ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Quantitative Structure ◽  
Phthalic Acid Ester ◽  
Structure Retention ◽  
Quantitative Structure Retention Relationships

A new phthalic acid ester fromAjuga bracteosa

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 593-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narendra Singh ◽  
Umar Mahmood ◽  
V. K. Kaul ◽  
Leopold Jirovetz
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ester ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Phthalic Acid Ester

scholarly journals The Impact of Storage on Phthalic Acid Esters Concentrations in Yogurts Packed in Plastic Cups

2019 ◽  
Vol 67 (3) ◽  
pp. 689-693
Author(s):  
Marcela Jandlová ◽  
Vojtěch Kumbár ◽  
Alžbeta Jarošová ◽  
Markéta Stará ◽  
Roman Pytel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Ester ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Limit Set ◽  
Phthalic Acid Esters ◽  
Bamboo Fibre ◽  
Phthalic Acid Ester ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Acid Esters ◽  
Migration Limit

Phthalic acid esters are used as plastic softeners and also can be found in food packaging materials. European legislation defines specific migration limits of plastic additives for plastic materials that come into contact with food. This study monitors the phthalic acid ester concentrations in yogurts after manufacturing and then after a 3‑week storage. The studied yoghurts were natural yogurt with 1 % of chia flour, natural yogurt with 5 % of chia flour, natural yogurt with 1 % of bamboo fibre, natural yogurt with 5 % of bamboo fibre and natural yogurt. The analysed phthalic acid esters were dibutyl phthalate (DBP) and di‑(2‑ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP). The average phthalate concentrations in plastic cups were detected for DBP of 59.5 µg/g and for DEHP of 9.0 µg/g of the plastic material. Higher DBP concentrations than DEHP concentrations were also found in all studied yogurts. The average DBP concentrations in yogurts were detected from 1.8 µg/g up to 5.0 µg/g of the original matter and the average DEHP concentrations were determined from 0.5 µg/g up to 1.0 µg/g of the original matter. No statistically significant difference was found when comparing phthalic acid ester concentrations in yogurts immediately after production and after three weeks of storage. However, in our study in all cases of yogurts, the DBP concentrations were higher than the specific migration limit set by the legislation (0.3 mg/kg) and the DEHP concentrations were in all cases of yogurts lower than the specific migration limit set by the legislation (1.5 mg/kg).

scholarly journals Removal of phthalic acid dieters with dissolved organic matter by an anaerobic/anoxic/oxic leachate treatment process

RSC Advances ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (66) ◽  
pp. 38807-38813
Author(s):  
Chengran Fang ◽  
Hongzhi Mao ◽  
Yuyang Long
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dissolved Organic Matter ◽  
Landfill Leachate ◽  
Phthalic Acid ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Leachate Treatment ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

The removal of di-n-butyl phthalate (DBP) and di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) with dissolved organic matter (DOM) was studied in a laboratory scale anaerobic/anoxic/oxic reactor for landfill leachate treatment.

Effect of prenatal phthalate exposure on childhood atopic dermatitis: A systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (4) ◽  
pp. e116-e125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minyoung Jung ◽  
Min-Ji Kim ◽  
Seonwoo Kim ◽  
Yechan Kyung ◽  
Minji Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Newcastle Ottawa Scale ◽  
Butyl Phthalate ◽  
Ethylhexyl Phthalate

Background: The association between prenatal exposure to phthalate and childhood atopic dermatitis (AD) has previously been investigated; however, the results are inconsistent. Objective: We aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis of birth cohort studies to investigate whether prenatal exposure to phthalate increases the risk of developing AD in children. Methods: We performed an electronic search of medical literature data bases. Studies were critically appraised, and a meta-analysis was performed. Results: Among 129 articles identified, 11 studies met the eligibility criteria. Included studies originated from Europe (n = 5), the United States (n = 4), and Asia (n = 2). The study sample size ranged from 147 to 1024 mother-child pairs. Quality assessment by using the Newcastle‐Ottawa scale of all the studies had scores of ≥6. A meta-analysis of data from eight selected studies suggested that monobenzyl phthalate (MBzP) exposure was significantly associated with the risk of AD development (odds ratio 1.16 [95% confidence interval, 1.04−1.31]; I2 = 17.36%). However, AD development was not associated with other phthalate metabolites, such as mono-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate, monoethyl phthalate, mono-isobutyl phthalate, mono-n-butyl phthalate, and the sum of di-[2-ethylhexyl] phthalate on the development of AD (all p values were > 0.05). Conclusion: Our meta-analysis suggested that prenatal exposure to phthalates may be associated with the development of childhood AD. However, further research is needed because only MBzP showed statistical significance and the number of articles in the literature is still insufficient.

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