scholarly journals Karakteristik habitat dan pola pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) di Pulau Ternate dan Kabupaten Halmahera Barat Provinsi Maluku Utara

DEPIK ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rugaya H. Serosero ◽  
Suryani . ◽  
Rina .
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Air Temperature ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Growth Patterns ◽  
Habitat Characteristics ◽  
Total N ◽  
Substrate Texture ◽  
Total P

Abstrak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui karakteristik habitat dan pola pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa (Birgus latro) di Takome Pulau Ternate dan Idamdehe Kecamatan Jailolo Propinsi Maluku Utara. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Juli 2014. Data yang dikumpulkan adalah tekstur substrat dengan metode pipet, penentuan kandungan nitrat danfosfat tanah dengan metode spektofotometer, pengukuran panjang + rostrum (cp+r) kepiting kelapa dan pola pertumbuhannya. Selain it juga diukur suhu udara, suhu lubang dan kelembaban udara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Idamdehe memiliki karakteristik pantai yang curam, bahkan di beberapa lokasi penangkapan sangat terjal, sedangkan  di lokasi Takome Pulau Ternate memiliki karakteristik pantai yang lebih landai. Tekstur substrat di lokasi Takome Pulau Ternate terdiri atas pasir (55,76 %), debu (18,4%) dan liat (25,84%) dan Stasiun Idamdehe memiliki tekstur pasir (49,17%), debu (25,61%) dan liat (25,22%)dankandungan bahan organik substrat (Total N) di Takome adalah 0,31% dan total P adalah 0,09% sedangkan di Idamdehe Total N adalah 0,19% dan Total P 0,02%. Suhu udara di lokasi Idamdehe berkisar 26-280C dan di Takome 27-280C. Kelembaban udara 73%-98% di Idamdehe dan 71%-90% di Takome. Parameter lingkungan berupa suhu udara, kelembaban udara, tekstur substrat dan kandungan bahan organik di kedua lokasi penelitian mendukung kehidupan kepiting kelapa di habitat alaminya. Pola pertumbuhan kepiting kelapa di kedua lokasi Idamdehe adalah allometrik negatif.Kata kunci: Karakteristik habitat, Idamdehe, Takome, Birgus latro, isometrik, allometrik negatifAbstract. This objectives of the present study were to evaluate the habitat characteristics and growth patterns of the coconut crabs in Takome and Idamdehe waters North Maluku Province. This study was conducted during April-July 2014. The collected data were the substrate texture, nitrate and phosphate contents of soil using spectrophotometric method, length + rostrum (cp+r) of coconut crabs and the growth patterns. In addition, the air temperature, hole temperature and humidity were also recorded during the study. The results showed that Idamdehe waters has precipitous coast, indeed very precipitous in several catching locations, while Takome waters in Ternate Island has sloping coast. The substrate texture of Takome waters in Ternate Island consisted of sands (55.76%), dusts (18.4%) and clays (25.84%), while Idamdehe waters has the substrate texture that consisted of sands (49.17%), dusts (25.61 %) and clays (25.22%). As for organic matter contents of the substrate, Takome waters has 0.31% in total N and 0.09% in total P, while Idamdehe waters has 0.19% in total N and 0.02 % in total P. The air temperature in Idamdehe waters ranged between 26-280C and in Takome waters ranged between 27-280C. Air humidity in Idamdehe waters was 73%-98% and in Takome waters was 71%-90%. The environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, substrate texture and organic matter content in both locations are suitable for coconut crab growing. The growth pattern of coconut crabs in Idamdehe and Sulamadaha waters were allometric negative pattern.Keywords: Habitat characteristics, Idamdehe, Takome, Birgus latro, isometric, negative allometric.

Soil organic carbon fractions in a Vertisol under irrigated cotton production as affected by burning and incorporating cotton stubble

Soil Research ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Conteh ◽  
G. J. Blair ◽  
I. J. Rochester
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Cotton Production ◽  
Labile Carbon ◽  
Total N ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Organic Matter Fractions

The contribution of cotton stubble to the soil organic matter content of Vertisols under cotton production is not well understood. A 3-year experiment was conducted at the Australian Cotton Research Institute to study the effects of burning and incorporating cotton stubble on the recovery of fertiliser nitrogen (N), lint yield, and organic matter levels. This study reports on the changes in soil organic matter fractions as affected by burning and incorporating cotton stubble into the soil. Soil samples collected at the start and end of the 3-year experiment were analysed for total carbon (CT), total N (NT), and δ13C (a measure of 13C/12C isotopic ratios). Labile carbon (CL) was determined by ease of oxidation and non-labile carbon (CNL) was calculated as the difference between CT and CL. Based on the changes in CT, CL, and CNL, a carbon management index (CMI) was calculated. Further analyses were made for total polysaccharides (PT), labile polysaccharides (PL), and light fraction C (LF-C). Stubble management did not significantly affect the NT content of the soil. After 3 years, the stubble-incorporated plots had a significantly higher content of CT, CL, and polysaccharides. Incorporation of stubble into the soil increased the CMI by 41%, whereas burning decreased the CMI by 6%. The amount of LF-C obtained after 3 years in the stubble-incorporated soil was almost double that obtained in the stubble-burnt soil. It was concluded that for sustainable management of soil organic matter in the Vertisols used for cotton production, stubble produced in the system should be incorporated instead of burnt.

scholarly journals Soil Fertility and Leaf Nutrient Status of Mango Orchard Sites

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
Sk Musfiq Us Salehin ◽  
Gazi Md Mohsin ◽  
Tabassum Ferdous ◽  
Jobaed Ragib Zaman ◽  
Md Jashim Uddin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Silty Clay ◽  
Leaf Sample ◽  
Available Nitrogen ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrogen Phosphorus

Twenty soil and leaf samples from 20 orchards of mango (Mangifera indica L.) were collected from different locations of Rajshahi and Satkhira regions to evaluate soil texture, pH, organic matter, available and total nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and sulfur of soils and the concentration of N and K in mango leaves. The pH of the soil varied from 6.3 - 7.9 and organic matter content varied from 0.72 - 3.60 per cent. The available nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, and sulfur of the soils ranged from 190 - 510, 39 - 196, 36 - 206 and 25 - 235 mg/kg, respectively. The values of total N, P, K and S were 0.03 - 0.12, 0.022 - 0.210, 0.235 - 0.0.936 and 0.005 - 0.266 per cent, respectively. The dominant soil textural class was silty clay loam. The mean concentration of nitrogen (0.88%) and potassium (0.61%) in the leaf sample was low. The overall fertility status of the soils of Rajshahi and Satkhira regions in relation to mango cultivation is moderate. Dhaka Univ. J. Biol. Sci. 29(2): 155-163, 2020 (July)

scholarly journals Influence of different stands of sal (Shorea robusta C. F. Gaertn.) forest of Bangladesh on soil health

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-25
Author(s):  
Mohammad Kamrul Hasan ◽  
Md Bayeazid Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Ph ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Mixed Stand ◽  
Pure Stand ◽  
Total N ◽  
Exchangeable K

The study was conducted in Dukhula sadar and Gasabari forest range under Madhupur Sal Forest of Bangladesh to determine the soil nutrient composition and isolation of fungi with varying stands. Three stands viz. pure sal, plantation and mixed were considered as treatment of the study. A quadrate sample plot of 10×10 m2 size was measured to collect soil samples for both chemical analysis and fungi isolation. Soil pH, electrical conductivity, organic matter content, total N, available P, exchangeable K, available S, fungal abundance and colony character (cm) were determined to achieve the objective of the study. The results revealed that soil pH and electrical conductivity were highest (6.61 and 21.10?S/cm) in mixed stand and lowest (6.38 and 10.75?S/cm) in pure stand. Organic matter content and total N were highest (2.24 and 0.145%) in plantation stand and lowest (1.65 and 0.112%) in mixed and pure stand, respectively. Available P, exchangeable K and available S were highest (3.65, 98.66 and 17.53ppm) in pure stand and lowest (1.97, 79.49 and 10.25ppm) in plantation stand. In addition, four fungal genera Sclerotium, Rhizoctonia, Pythium and Verticillium were identified in the study area soils. The highest fungal population (entire genus except Verticillium) (colony number/g soil) was found in mixed stand while it was found lowest in pure (Sclerotium ) and plantation stand (Rhizoctonia and Pythium ). There was no significant variation in colony diameter of the fungi among the treatments. Therefore, it can be concluded that better soil health was maintained in natural forest rather than plantation forest.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(1): 17-25, April 2015

Peculiarities of macrozoobenthos in the offshore zone of a small artificial post-gravel pit reservoir

2010 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Żbikowski ◽  
Jarosław Kobak
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Artificial Reservoir ◽  
Hypoxic Conditions ◽  
Gravel Pit ◽  
Wind Exposure ◽  
Sand And Gravel ◽  
High Fish

Peculiarities of macrozoobenthos in the offshore zone of a small artificial post-gravel pit reservoirThe offshore macrozoobenthos and selected environmental parameters were studied in a small artificial reservoir, created through sand and gravel extraction. The results are rather surprising. Despite the shallow depth and good wind exposure of the reservoir, a thermal and oxygen stratification developed in the summer, causing hypoxic conditions near the bottom, even though the organic matter content in the sediments was <5%. Furthermore, despite the high fish abundance, chaoborids prevailed in zoobenthos, while

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENANAMAN SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria) TERHADAP KANDUNGAN C DAN N TANAH DI DESA RESAPOMBO, DOKO, BLITAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Ulyan Khalif
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Matter Input

Landuse change are suspected to be one responsible to soil fertility decline on Resapombo, Doko, Blitar. Efforts done by local farmers to deal with these problems are plantation of P. falcataria trough a reforestation program around 2011-2012. The benefits of the program are still need to be assessed so that this research was done (1) to compare the soil quality between P. falcataria-planted field and no P.falcataria field by the parameters of soil organic matter content and available N, (2) to study the relationship between organic matter input and soil organic matter content and available N, and (3) to identify factors affecting N availability post-P. falcatariaplantation. This research used randomized block design with 5 treatments (annual crop field, 3 and 6 years P. falcaria plantation field, agroforestry field with P. falcataria + coffee + talas plantation, and ex-P. falcataria-planted field. Soil were sampled compositely by 3 replication from 0-20 cm depth. Litter were sampled from a 0.5m2 sub-plot of each treatment. Results showed that P. falcataria plantations enhance soil fertility indicated by increased soil organic matter input to 10.6 times (monoculture) and 17.6 times (agroforestry) control, increased soil organic matter content by 1.5 times (monoculture) and 2.3 times(agroforestry) control, increased total N of 1.6 times (monoculture) and 2.4 times (agroforestry) control, increased ammonium by 1.7 times (monoculture) and 3.2 times (agroforestry) control, and increased nitrate by 2.4 times (monoculture) and 3.9 times(agroforestry) control.The increased soil N content of P. falcataria-planted field were caused by higher soil organic inputs compared to those with no P. falcataria plantation. Nitrogen availability affected by soil texture but have no relationship with soil pH. However, agroforestry fields showed higher pH, organic C, total N, and available N than monoculture P. falcataria fields. Measured soil chemical properties showed no significant change by the increase of P. falcataria age, moreover, they declined down towards control on ex-P. falcatariaplantation. This indicates that reforestation would only give a temporary soil quality enhancement.

Cogongrass (Imperata cylindrica) Invasion and Eradication: Implications for Soil Nutrient Dynamics in a Longleaf Pine Sandhill Ecosystem

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 433-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald L. Hagan ◽  
Shibu Jose ◽  
Kimberly Bohn ◽  
Francisco Escobedo
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Nutrient Dynamics ◽  
Longleaf Pine ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Nutrient ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N

AbstractWe assessed pre- and posteradication nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in longleaf pine sandhill stands severely affected by cogongrass. Across a 7-yr posteradication (glyphosate + imazapyr) “recovery chronosequence,” which included untreated cogongrass, uninvaded reference, and treated plots, we analyzed soils for total N, potentially available P (Mehlich-1 [M1]), pH, and organic matter content. We also used resin bags to assess fluxes of plant available N and P in the soil solution. Additionally, we used litterbags to monitor the decomposition and nutrient mineralization patterns of dead rhizome and foliage tissue. Our results indicate similar total N and M1-P contents in both cogongrass-invaded and uninvaded reference plots, with levels of M1-P being lower than in cogongrass plots for 5 yr after eradication. Soil organic matter did not differ between treatments. Resin bag analyses suggest that cogongrass invasion did not affect soil nitrate availability, although a pulse of NO2+ NO3occurred in the first 3 yr after eradication. No such trends were observed for ammonium. Resin-adsorbed PO4was lowest 3 yr after eradication, and pH was highest 5 yr after eradication. Our litterbag study showed that approximately 55% of foliar biomass and 23% of rhizome tissue biomass remained 18 mo after herbicide treatment. Substantial N immobilization was observed in rhizomes for the first 12 mo, with slow mineralization occurring thereafter. Rapid P mineralization occurred, with 15.4 and 20.5% of initial P remaining after 18 mo in rhizomes and foliage, respectively. Overall, our findings indicate that cogongrass invasion has little to no effect on soil nutrient cycling processes, although some significant—but ephemeral—alterations develop after eradication.

scholarly journals PENGARUH PENANAMAN SENGON (Paraserianthes falcataria) TERHADAP KANDUNGAN C DAN N TANAH DI DESA RESAPOMBO, DOKO, BLITAR

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-59
Author(s):  
Ulyan Khalif
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Organic Matter ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Soil Quality ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Available N ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
Organic Matter Input

Landuse change are suspected to be one responsible to soil fertility decline on Resapombo, Doko, Blitar. Efforts done by local farmers to deal with these problems are plantation of P. falcataria trough a reforestation program around 2011-2012. The benefits of the program are still need to be assessed so that this research was done (1) to compare the soil quality between P. falcataria-planted field and no P.falcataria field by the parameters of soil organic matter content and available N, (2) to study the relationship between organic matter input and soil organic matter content and available N, and (3) to identify factors affecting N availability post-P. falcatariaplantation. This research used randomized block design with 5 treatments (annual crop field, 3 and 6 years P. falcaria plantation field, agroforestry field with P. falcataria + coffee + talas plantation, and ex-P. falcataria-planted field. Soil were sampled compositely by 3 replication from 0-20 cm depth. Litter were sampled from a 0.5m2 sub-plot of each treatment. Results showed that P. falcataria plantations enhance soil fertility indicated by increased soil organic matter input to 10.6 times (monoculture) and 17.6 times (agroforestry) control, increased soil organic matter content by 1.5 times (monoculture) and 2.3 times(agroforestry) control, increased total N of 1.6 times (monoculture) and 2.4 times (agroforestry) control, increased ammonium by 1.7 times (monoculture) and 3.2 times (agroforestry) control, and increased nitrate by 2.4 times (monoculture) and 3.9 times(agroforestry) control.The increased soil N content of P. falcataria-planted field were caused by higher soil organic inputs compared to those with no P. falcataria plantation. Nitrogen availability affected by soil texture but have no relationship with soil pH. However, agroforestry fields showed higher pH, organic C, total N, and available N than monoculture P. falcataria fields. Measured soil chemical properties showed no significant change by the increase of P. falcataria age, moreover, they declined down towards control on ex-P. falcatariaplantation. This indicates that reforestation would only give a temporary soil quality enhancement.

scholarly journals Structure of Poduromorpha (Collembola) communities in "restinga" environments in Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1033-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Henriques Fernandes ◽  
Jorge Luiz Nessimian ◽  
Maria Cleide de Mendonça
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Species Differences ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Environmental Parameters ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Humidity ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Springtail Species ◽  
Characteristic Species

The objectives of this work were to evaluate the richness and diversity of the Poduromorpha fauna in two biotopes in Restinga de Maricá, RJ, Brazil, to identify the characteristic species of each biotope and to determine the relationships between the community structure and the abiotic environmental parameters. Representatives of the Poduromorpha (Collembola) order were studied under an ecological viewpoint in halophyte-psammophyte vegetation and foredune zone in preserved areas of Restinga de Maricá, a sand dune environment in the state of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. The foredune zone showed the highest diversity, richness and equitability of springtail species. Differences in the fundamental, accessory and accidental species in each environment were encountered. Paraxenylla piloua was found to be an indicator species of the halophyte-psammophyte vegetation, while Friesea reducta, Pseudachorutes difficilis and Xenylla maritima were indicators of the foredune zone. The canonical correspondence analysis indicated pH, organic matter content and soil humidity as the most important factors influencing the spatiotemporal distribution of the species.

HEAVY METAL SPECIATION IN BOTTOM SEDIMENTS OF THE VYSHNEVOLOTSKY RESERVOIR

2018 ◽  
pp. 46-54
Author(s):  
O. A. Lipatnikova
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Organic Matter ◽  
Bottom Sediments ◽  
Metal Speciation ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Heavy Metal Speciation ◽  
Mobile Forms ◽  
Manganese Hydroxides

The study of heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments of the Vyshnevolotsky water reservoir is presented in this paper. Sequential selective procedure was used to determine the heavy metal speciation in bottom sediments and thermodynamic calculation — to determine ones in interstitial water. It has been shown that Mn are mainly presented in exchangeable and carbonate forms; for Fe, Zn, Pb и Co the forms are related to iron and manganese hydroxides is played an important role; and Cu and Ni are mainly associated with organic matter. In interstitial waters the main forms of heavy metal speciation are free ions for Zn, Ni, Co and Cd, carbonate complexes for Pb, fulvate complexes for Cu. Effects of particle size and organic matter content in sediments on distribution of mobile and potentially mobile forms of toxic elements have been revealed.

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