scholarly journals Medical Image of the Month: Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Embolic Strokes from Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) Embolization

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 86-87
Author(s):  
Sooraj Kumar ◽  
Sharanyah Srinivasan ◽  
Tammer El-Aini
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Emergency Room ◽  
Medical Image ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Brain ◽  
History Of Depression

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. A 35-year-old lady with a history of depression and anxiety presented to the emergency room with worsening shortness of breath after receiving polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) injections in her buttock for cosmetic purposes in Mexico. Immediately after the injection in the outpatient office, she became acutely short of breath, tachypneic, and tachycardic. She was brought to the emergency room where she was hypoxic with oxygen saturations in the low 80s on a non-rebreather, tachypneic with a respiratory rate in the 40s, and tachycardic with heart rates in 140s. She was emergently intubated. A CTA of the chest demonstrated bilateral ground glass opacities throughout, most pronounced in the upper lobes which progressed to significant bilateral airspace disease consistent with acute respiratory distress syndrome (Figure 1). Her neurological examination declined over the course of her hospitalization. An MRI of the brain with contrast demonstrated bilateral foci of susceptibility artifact throughout the entirety of the …

What is Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome?

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marc Moss ◽  
Polly E. Parsons
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Acute Lung Injury ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clear Definition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Major Illness

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a form of acute lung injury which usually occurs within 24 hours of a major illness or injury. Unfortunately a clear definition of ARDS does not presently exist, and the variability in the diagnostic criteria may impact on the results of clinical trials for ARDS and our understanding of the epidemiology and pathogenesis of this syndrome. In this article the history of ARDS is reviewed and a few of the definitions that have evolved over wtime are explored in depth. In addition, several controversies with these existing defiitions are discussed.

scholarly journals Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome and Feculent Airway Casts due to Severe Constipation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eric Mull ◽  
Brooke Gustafson ◽  
Brent Adler ◽  
Katelyn Krivchenia
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Respiratory Failure ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Severe Constipation ◽  
History Of

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a disabling and potentially lethal syndrome requiring prompt recognition and urgent interventions to prevent morbidity and mortality[1]. Although constipation is not generally recognized as a cause for ARDS or usually listed within the differential diagnosis, there have been case reports describing such an association[2,3]. We present the case of a patient with history of intermittent constipation presenting with progressive abdominal pain and an acute abdomen that required emergent surgical fecal decompaction. This was followed by hypoxemic respiratory distress leading to respiratory failure in the setting of severe constipation and aspirated feculent material. To our knowledge, this is the first published case report describing aspirated feculent material in a child with respiratory failure due to ARDS.

scholarly journals Misdiagnosis: Acute Chest Syndrome That Evolved into Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome in a Patient without a Documented History of Hemoglobinopathy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christoph Sossou ◽  
Ogechukwu Chika-Nwosuh ◽  
Christopher Nnaoma ◽  
Jose Bustillo ◽  
Asad Chohan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Sickle Cell Disease ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Sickle Cell ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Delayed Diagnosis ◽  
Acute Chest Syndrome ◽  
Cell Disease ◽  
History Of

Acute chest syndrome (ACS) is a feared complication of sickle cell disease. Here is a case of a patient who presented with symptoms suggestive of acute chest syndrome yet had a delayed diagnosis presumably due to the lack of documented history of sickle cell disease of the patient, consequently evolving into acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). He was subsequently diagnosed with heterozygous sickle cell SC disease on hemoglobin electrophoresis. After appropriate management with mechanical ventilator, broad-spectrum empiric intravenous antibiotics, exchange transfusion, and intravenous fluid resuscitation, the patient was medically optimized and safely discharged home, with significant improvement noted on successive follow-up visits.

scholarly journals Prone Positioning in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 094-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luciano Gattinoni ◽  
Mattia Busana ◽  
Lorenzo Giosa ◽  
Matteo Macrì ◽  
Michael Quintel
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Prone Position ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Prone Positioning ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
History Of ◽  
Chest Wall Elastance

AbstractProne positioning is nowadays considered as one of the most effective strategies for patients with severe acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The evolution of the pathophysiological understanding surrounding the prone position closely follows the history of ARDS. At the beginning, the focus of the prone position was the improvement in oxygenation attributed to a perfusion redistribution. However, the mechanisms behind the prone position are more complex. Indeed, the positive effects on oxygenation and CO2 clearance of the prone position are to be ascribed to a more homogeneous inflation–ventilation, to the lung/thoracic shape mismatch, and to the change of chest wall elastance. In the past 20 years, five major trials have tried, starting from different theories, hypotheses, and designs, to demonstrate the effectiveness of the prone position, which finally found its definitive place among the different ARDS supportive therapies.

scholarly journals Acute respiratory distress syndrome in Vivax malaria in children

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 194
Author(s):  
Amitesh Yadav ◽  
Yashwant Kumar Rao ◽  
Tanu Midha ◽  
Sunisha Arora
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Vivax Malaria ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
P Value ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
History Of ◽  
Significant Health

Background: Malaria, the most important protozoal disease in humans remains the significant health problem globally. The objective of this study was to study the acute respiratory distress syndrome in children in vivax malaria.Methods: This prospective study enrolled children with acute febrile illness aged 1-15 years who diagnosed as malaria. Then we searched the children who present with acute (<7 days) history of respiratory distress and fulfill the ARDS criteria.Results: Among 112 children, enrolled in the study 70 (62.5%) were vivax malaria and 42 (37.5%) were falciparum malaria.21 children were diagnosed as ARDS (The level of PaO2/FiO2 was <200). 42.9% children had ARDS due to vivax and 57.1% due to falciparum. The p-value of 0.039 was obtained denoting a significant association. It was noted that the percentage of vivax and falciparum causing ARDS was comparable. Thus, it showed there is a rising propensity of vivax to cause respiratory failure.Conclusions: ARDS is an important severe complication of malaria. Previously it was noted mainly with falciparum but now days there is rising propensity of vivax to cause respiratory failure. ARDS in malaria has high mortality so early diagnosis and appropriate treatment with antimalarial drugs can be lifesaving.

scholarly journals A Nomogram to Predict Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome After Cardiac Surgery

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. E445-E450
Author(s):  
Yan Liu ◽  
Man Song ◽  
Lixue Huang ◽  
Guangfa Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Artery Bypass ◽  
Albumin Level ◽  
Internal Validation ◽  
History Of

Purpose: To establish a model to predict the risk of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) after cardiac surgery. Methods: Data were collected on 132 ARDS patients, who received valvular or coronary artery bypass grafting surgery from January 2009 to December 2019. We developed the prediction model by multivariable logistic regression. Then, we used the coefficients for developing a nomogram that predicts ARDS occurrence. Internal validation was performed using resampling techniques to evaluate and optimize the model. Results: All variables fit into the model, including albumin level before surgery (odds ratio [OR]: 0.96; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.92, 0.99; P = .01), cardiopulmonary bypass time (OR: 1.01; 95% CI: 1.00, 1.02; P = .02), APACHE II after surgery (OR: 1.21; 95% CI: 1.13, 1.29; P < .001), and history of diabetes (OR: 2.31; 95% CI: 1.88, 3.87; P < .001); these were considered to build the nomogram. The score distinguished ARDS patients from non-ARDS patients with an AUC of 0.785 (95% CI: 0.740, 0.830) and was well calibrated (Hosmer–Lemeshow P = .53). Conclusions: Our developed model predicted ARDS in patients undergoing cardiac surgery and may serve as a tool for identifying patients at high risk for ARDS after cardiac surgery.

scholarly journals Sequelae of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome: Interest of Rehabilitation

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elise Godeau ◽  
David Debeaumont ◽  
Elise Artaud-Macari ◽  
Laurie Lagache ◽  
Gurvan Le Bouar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Regular Physical Activity ◽  
Exertional Dyspnea ◽  
History Of ◽  
Alveolar Capillary

Case Presentation. This clinical case presents the history of a woman hospitalized for acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). A 62-year-old woman, with regular physical activity and no history of respiratory disease or smoking, was hospitalized for moderate ARDS with bilateral pneumonitis. Fourteen days later, she was discharged from the intensive care unit and received respiratory physical therapy. One month later, she experienced exertional dyspnea. A regression of alveolar condensation with persistent sequelae at the pulmonary bases was noted. Three months later, the patient continued daily physical activity with satisfactory tolerance. A reduction in alveolar-capillary transfer, inappropriate hyperventilation upon exercise, and impairment of gas exchanges at maximal effort, suggestive of pulmonary shunt, were demonstrated. At the 6-month evaluation, the patient displayed exertional dyspnea with residual bilateral basal consolidations. Six months later, the dyspnea had ceased. The persistence of bilateral basal interstitial syndrome associated with bronchial dilatation and pleural-based consolidations was noted, as well as a stable impaired alveolar-capillary diffusing capacity. Discussion. Upon discharge from intensive care, pulmonary follow-up should be proposed to ARDS survivors. Moreover, pulmonary function testing at rest and exercise is advised as soon as possible to evaluate the respiratory sequelae. This will help to limit the severity of complications through adapted exercise rehabilitation and then regular physical activity.

Role of Pharmacologic Paralysis in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (01) ◽  
pp. 101-113
Author(s):  
Ammar Syed ◽  
Alexander Kobzik ◽  
David Huang
Keyword(s):  
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress Syndrome ◽  
Respiratory Distress ◽  
Distress Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Blocking Agent ◽  
Multicenter Trial ◽  
Neuromuscular Blocking ◽  
History Of

AbstractThe pharmacology and history of neuromuscular blockade in clinical care are complex, with multiple theoretical and observed potential benefits and potential harms. Past studies raised concern for long-term paresis, but more recent studies have not found evidence for harm, possibly due to changes in background care, neuromuscular blocking agent, and duration of blockade. Current use is highly variable, likely due to limited evidence for efficacy beyond short-term physiologic improvement and lingering concerns for harm. A recently completed large multicenter trial will provide further information on the role of pharmacologic paralysis in acute respiratory distress syndrome.

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