scholarly journals The Effect of Smoking on the Physical Fitness of Elderly Male Subjects

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 1158-1166
Author(s):  
Hüseyin Eroğlu ◽  
Selami Yüksek
1978 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Shoenfeld ◽  
R. Udassin ◽  
Y. Shapiro ◽  
A. Ohri ◽  
E. Sohar

Sixty volunteers, 33 males and 27 females (18–63 yr), were divided according to age and sex. They were exposed for 10 min to extreme dry heat: 80–90 degrees C dry bulb temperature and 3–4% relative humidity. Their rectal temperature, skin temperature at eight different points, weight, and heart rate were recorded prior to and immediately following the exposure. A mean rise of only 0.5 degrees C in rectal temperature was recorded following exposure as compared to a mean rise of 5.2 degrees C in mean weighted skin temperature (MWST). Female subjects showed a significantly higher rise in MWST than the male subjects. Similarly, a significantly higher rise in MWST was observed in elderly male subjects as compared to the youngest male group (P less than 0.05). The differences in MWST possibly resulted from differences in mean skin blood flow causing differences in skin conductance. Large individual variation in heat response was recorded in rectal temperature, as well as in weighted skin temperatures. The increase in skin temperature during the first 10 min of exposure to extreme dry heat may serve as an indicator for heat tolerance time, and may help predicting heatstroke susceptible individuals.


Obesity Facts ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Saafi ◽  
Mohamed Ali Saafi ◽  
Delphine Frere-Meunier ◽  
Delphine Frere-Meunier ◽  
Léonard Feasson ◽  
...  

2002 ◽  
Vol 54 (5) ◽  
pp. 641-647 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep Dutta ◽  
Yiming Zhang ◽  
Daniel J. Daszkowski ◽  
G. Richard Granneman ◽  
Marleen Verlinden

Author(s):  
Andon Hestiantoro ◽  
Dick Frans Swaab

Abstract Objective: to determine whether the decline of testosterone during ageing would make this nucleus more vulnerable for NF changes (i.e. hyperphosphorylated-tau) in men, or that the decline of estrogens in the postmenopausal period would protect the infundibular nucleus in women. Methods: We investigated the infundibular nucleus in postmortem subjects. Brain materials obtained from 29 subjects in the Netherlands Brain Bank were further classified as control subjects and subjects with abnormal hormone conditions. Procedures consisted of tissue collection, immunochemical staining, and analysis of the staining intensity. Results then were collected and concluded using observational methods. Results: Elderly male subjects with low testosterone conditions showed more severe NF changes in the infundibular nucleus than postmenopausal women. The occurrence of NF changes in elderly subjects was generally accompanied by the presence of basket-like nerve terminals staining for ERβ. Conclusion: The sex difference in NF changes in the infundibular nucleus in the elderly is due to hyperphosphorylated-tau induction in low testosterone and ageing condition in men, while in postmenopausal women the declining estrogen levels seem to protect against NF changes in this brain area. Keywords: ageing, estrogen, hyperphosphorylated-tau, infundibular nucleus, testosterone   Abstrak Tujuan: untuk menentukan apakah penurunan level testosteron selama proses penuaan menyebabkan nukleus infundibularis menjadi lebih rentan terhadap perubahan neurofibrilar (NF) (misalnya hyperphosphorylated-tau) pada laki-laki atau apakah penurunan level estrogen selama masa pasca-menopause memiliki efek protektif terhadap nukleus infundibular pada perempuan. Metode: Peneliti memeriksa nukleus infundibular pada subjekpost-mortem. Materi berupa jaringan otak dari 29 subjek dari Netherlands Brain Bank lebih lanjut diklasifikasikan sebagai subjek kontrol dan subjek dengan kondisi hormon abnormal. Prosedur terdiri dari pengumpulan jaringan, pewarnaan dengan teknik imunohistokimia, dan analisis dari intensitas pewarnaan. Hasil yang didapat kemudian dikumpulkan dan disimpulkan sesuai dengan metode observasional. Hasil: Subjek laki-laki lanjut usia dengan testosteron rendah menunjukkan perubahan NF yang lebih buruk pada nukleus infundibular dibandingkan dengan wanita postmenopause. Kejadian perubahan NF pada subjek lanjut usia secara umum diikuti oleh munculnya pewarnaan pada ujung saraf berbentuk basket-like yang positif untuk Erβ. Kesimpulan:Perbedaan jenis kelamin terkait perubahan NF pada nukleus infundibular pada subjek lanjut usia terjadi akibat induksi hiperfosforilasi taupada kondisi testosteron yang rendah yang dikombinasi oleh proses penuaan pada pria. Sedangkan pada perempuan pascamenopause, penurunan level estrogen menunjukkan efek protektif terhadap perubahan NF pada area otak ini. Kata kunci: estrogen, hiperfosforilasi protein tau, nukleus infundibularis, penuaan, testosteron


2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (12) ◽  
pp. 1965-1969 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mi-hyun Yong ◽  
Joong-il Shin ◽  
Dong-joo Yang ◽  
Yeong-ae Yang

2014 ◽  
Vol 173 (3) ◽  
pp. 507-509
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Czyżewska-Buczyńska ◽  
Natalia Żuk ◽  
Maciej Karczewski ◽  
Sebastian Bałasz ◽  
Ryszard Grendziak ◽  
...  

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1498
Author(s):  
Yutaro Nakamura ◽  
Kazutaka Mori ◽  
Yasunori Enomoto ◽  
Masato Kono ◽  
Hiromitsu Sumikawa ◽  
...  

Idiopathic pleuroparenchymal fibroelastosis (PPFE) is a distinctive interstitial pneumonia with upper lobe predominance that shows unique morphological features among idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs). Affected patients have a variety of clinical presentations with heterogeneous clinical courses. Cluster analysis is a valuable tool for identifying distinct clinical phenotypes under heterogeneous conditions. This study aimed to identify the phenotypes of patients with idiopathic PPFE. Using cluster analysis, novel PPFE phenotypes were identified among subjects from our multicenter cohort, and outcomes were stratified according to phenotypic clusters. Among the subjects with baseline data (N = 84), four clusters were identified. Cluster 1 included younger male subjects with coexisting non-UIP-like patterns. Cluster 2 included elderly female nonsmokers with low body mass index (BMI). Cluster 3 included elderly male smokers with a coexisting IP-like pattern. Cluster 4 included younger male smokers without lower lobe lesions. Patients in cluster 3 had significantly worse survival outcomes than those in clusters 1, 2, and 4 (p < 0.001, p = 0.0041, and p = 0.0155, respectively). Among idiopathic PPFE patients, cluster analysis using baseline characteristics identified four distinct clinical phenotypes that might predict survival outcomes.


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