scholarly journals Neurofibrillary Pathology in the Infundibular Nucleus in Relation to Age and Abnormal Hormone Levels

2019 ◽  
pp. 196-207
Author(s):  
Andon Hestiantoro ◽  
Dick Frans Swaab
Keyword(s):  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Brain Area ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Staining Intensity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Hyperphosphorylated Tau ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Brain Bank ◽  
Low Testosterone ◽  
Male Subjects

Abstract Objective: to determine whether the decline of testosterone during ageing would make this nucleus more vulnerable for NF changes (i.e. hyperphosphorylated-tau) in men, or that the decline of estrogens in the postmenopausal period would protect the infundibular nucleus in women. Methods: We investigated the infundibular nucleus in postmortem subjects. Brain materials obtained from 29 subjects in the Netherlands Brain Bank were further classified as control subjects and subjects with abnormal hormone conditions. Procedures consisted of tissue collection, immunochemical staining, and analysis of the staining intensity. Results then were collected and concluded using observational methods. Results: Elderly male subjects with low testosterone conditions showed more severe NF changes in the infundibular nucleus than postmenopausal women. The occurrence of NF changes in elderly subjects was generally accompanied by the presence of basket-like nerve terminals staining for ERβ. Conclusion: The sex difference in NF changes in the infundibular nucleus in the elderly is due to hyperphosphorylated-tau induction in low testosterone and ageing condition in men, while in postmenopausal women the declining estrogen levels seem to protect against NF changes in this brain area. Keywords: ageing, estrogen, hyperphosphorylated-tau, infundibular nucleus, testosterone   Abstrak Tujuan: untuk menentukan apakah penurunan level testosteron selama proses penuaan menyebabkan nukleus infundibularis menjadi lebih rentan terhadap perubahan neurofibrilar (NF) (misalnya hyperphosphorylated-tau) pada laki-laki atau apakah penurunan level estrogen selama masa pasca-menopause memiliki efek protektif terhadap nukleus infundibular pada perempuan. Metode: Peneliti memeriksa nukleus infundibular pada subjekpost-mortem. Materi berupa jaringan otak dari 29 subjek dari Netherlands Brain Bank lebih lanjut diklasifikasikan sebagai subjek kontrol dan subjek dengan kondisi hormon abnormal. Prosedur terdiri dari pengumpulan jaringan, pewarnaan dengan teknik imunohistokimia, dan analisis dari intensitas pewarnaan. Hasil yang didapat kemudian dikumpulkan dan disimpulkan sesuai dengan metode observasional. Hasil: Subjek laki-laki lanjut usia dengan testosteron rendah menunjukkan perubahan NF yang lebih buruk pada nukleus infundibular dibandingkan dengan wanita postmenopause. Kejadian perubahan NF pada subjek lanjut usia secara umum diikuti oleh munculnya pewarnaan pada ujung saraf berbentuk basket-like yang positif untuk Erβ. Kesimpulan:Perbedaan jenis kelamin terkait perubahan NF pada nukleus infundibular pada subjek lanjut usia terjadi akibat induksi hiperfosforilasi taupada kondisi testosteron yang rendah yang dikombinasi oleh proses penuaan pada pria. Sedangkan pada perempuan pascamenopause, penurunan level estrogen menunjukkan efek protektif terhadap perubahan NF pada area otak ini. Kata kunci: estrogen, hiperfosforilasi protein tau, nukleus infundibularis, penuaan, testosteron

scholarly journals The Prevalence of Rheumatoid Arthritis in the Elderly that attend Pilgrimage Centre, Elele, Nigeria

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin Onyema Eledo ◽  
Edidiong Tommy ◽  
Emmanuel Onuoha ◽  
Kingsley Dunga ◽  
Okezie Okamgba
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Elderly People ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Agglutination Method ◽  
Rivers State ◽  
Male Subjects

This study determined the prevalence of Rheumatoid arthritis in elderly people that attended pilgrimage center, Elele Rivers state, Nigeria. A total of 200 subjects attending the pilgrimage center were examined for Rhematoid Factor using Latex agglutination method. The data was subjected to statistical analysis using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) version 16.0. A prevalence of 4% was seen in the female subjects within the age bracket of 65-80 years and a prevalence of 1% was seen in the male subjects within the age bracket of 61-70 years. It showed that Rheumatoid arthritis was positive in 5% of the population and negative in 95% of the population, which was statistically significant (p< 0.05). In conclusion, there is a significant increase in the overall prevalence of rheumatoid arthritis in elderly subjects that attend pilgrimage center, Elele. Therefore proper care should be instituted to  avoid unnecessary complications associated with this ailment.

scholarly journals Association Between Basal Metabolic Rate and All-Cause Mortality in a Prospective Cohort of Southern Chinese Adults

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fengyu Han ◽  
Feng Hu ◽  
Tao Wang ◽  
Wei Zhou ◽  
Linjuan Zhu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Rate ◽  
Basal Metabolic Rate ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Chinese Adults ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Southern Chinese ◽  
All Cause Mortality ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male Subjects

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the relationship between basal metabolic rate (BMR) and all-cause mortality in southern Chinese adults.Methods: We prospectively examined the relationship between BMR and all-cause mortality in 12,608 Southern Chinese adults with age ≥ 35 years who participated in the National Key R&amp;D Program from 2013–2014 to 2019–2020. Cox proportional hazard models were used to examine the association between BMR and all-cause mortality.Results: A total of 809 deaths (including 478 men and 331 women) occurred during a median follow-up period of 5.60 years. All-cause mortality was higher in elderly individuals than in non-elderly individuals (11.48 vs. 2.04%, P &lt; 0.001) and was higher in male subjects than in female subjects (9.84 vs. 4.56%, P &lt; 0.001). There was a significantly inverse relationship between BMR levels and all-cause mortality in elderly male individuals (adjusted-HR per SD increase: 0.80, 95% CI: 0.70–0.91, P &lt; 0.001). Compared with BMR levels ≤ 1,115 kJ/day, there was lower all-cause mortality in third and highest BMR quartiles in the elderly male subjects (adjusted-HR: 0.71, 95% CI: 0.53–0.95, P = 0.022; adjusted-HR: 0.60, 95% CI: 0.43–0.84, P = 0.003, respectively).Conclusion: An elevated BMR was independently inversely associated with all-cause mortality in elderly male subjects in a southern Chinese population.

Twenty-four-hour beta-endorphin secretory pattern in the elderly

1987 ◽  
Vol 115 (4) ◽  
pp. 441-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Rolandi ◽  
R. Franceschini ◽  
A. Marabini ◽  
V. Messina ◽  
A. Cataldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Circadian Rhythm ◽  
Young Adult ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Beta Endorphin ◽  
Multilinear Regression Analysis ◽  
Male Subjects ◽  
Secretory Pattern

Abstract. A chronobiological study was carried out in seven elderly male subjects (78–84 years) to evaluate the 24-h beta-endorphin secretory pattern. Seven young adult males (28–37 years) made up the control group. Blood samples were drawn every four hours from 08.00 to 20.00 h and every two hours from 24.00 to 06.00 h. ACTH and cortisol levels were also determined in the same plasma samples. Mean 24-h beta-endorphin values in the elderly (32.6 ± 1.1 ng/l) and in the young adult male subjects (29.5 ± 1.4 ng/l) did not differ statistically, but the circadian rhythm was absent in the elderly subjects. In the elderly, plasma ACTH and cortisol concentrations showed a circadian rhythm similar to that observed in the adult subjects. However, in the elderly patients, in contrast to that in the adult subjects, the multilinear regression analysis did not show any statistically significant correlation between the beta-endorphin, ACTH and cortisol 24-h plasma concentrations.

Association between trait anxiety and endothelial function observed in elderly males but not in young males

2006 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 947-954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Narita ◽  
Tetsuhito Murata ◽  
Toshihiko Hamada ◽  
Tetsuya Takahashi ◽  
Hirotaka Kosaka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Trait Anxiety ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Young Male ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Healthy Elderly ◽  
Atherosclerotic Lesions ◽  
Young Subjects

Background and objectives: Endothelial function plays a key role in determining the clinical manifestations of atherosclerosis. Recent reports have shown that healthy elderly subjects with higher trait anxiety tend to have heightened risks of atherosclerotic lesions and cardiovascular disease. The present study was intended to examine whether an association exists between trait anxiety and endothelial function in healthy young and elderly subjects.Methods: This study examined 26 young male and 30 elderly male subjects using brachial artery flow-mediated dilation (FMD) – a non-invasive ultrasound method – to evaluate endothelial function by measuring the dilation responses of vascular smooth muscle to the nitric oxide produced by endothelial cells following hyperemia.Results: A significant negative correlation was observed between the State and Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)-trait score as a parameter of anxiety and the percentage change of FMD (%FMD) in the elderly subjects, but not in the young subjects. The elderly subjects showed significantly lower %FMD than the young subjects.Conclusion: These results suggest the possibility that trait anxiety is a predisposing risk factor for cardiovascular damage that might, over a long period, induce atherosclerotic lesions.

scholarly journals Comparative Study between Healthy Young and Elderly Subjects: Higher-Order Statistical Parameters as Indices of Vocal Aging and Sex

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6966
Author(s):  
Hee-Jin Choi ◽  
Ji-Yeoun Lee
Keyword(s):  
Higher Order ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Sex And Gender ◽  
Gender Analysis ◽  
Elderly Male ◽  
Statistical Parameters ◽  
Time Frequency ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Gender And Age ◽  
Vocal Aging

The objective of this study was to test higher-order statistical (HOS) parameters for the classification of young and elderly voice signals and identify gender- and age-related differences through HOS analysis. This study was based on data from 116 subjects (58 females and 58 males) extracted from the Saarbruecken voice database. In the gender analysis, the same number of voice samples were analyzed for each sex. Further, we conducted experiments on the voices of elderly people using gender analysis. Finally, we reviewed the standards and reference models to reduce sex and gender bias. The acoustic parameters were extracted from young and elderly voice signals using Praat and a time–frequency analysis program (TF32). Additionally, we investigated the gender- and age-related differences in HOS parameters. Young and elderly voice signals significantly differed in normalized skewness (p = 0.005) in women and normalized kurtosis (p = 0.011) in men. Therefore, normalized skewness is a useful parameter for distinguishing between young and elderly female voices, and normalized kurtosis is essential for distinguishing between young and elderly male voices. We will continue to investigate parameters that represent important information in elderly voice signals.

scholarly journals Extra Virgin Olive Oil Prevents the Age-Related Shifts of the Distribution of HDL Subclasses and Improves Their Functionality

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (7) ◽  
pp. 2235
Author(s):  
Alyann Otrante ◽  
Amal Trigui ◽  
Roua Walha ◽  
Hicham Berrougui ◽  
Tamas Fulop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
High Density ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Young Subjects

High-density lipoproteins (HDL) maintain cholesterol homeostasis through the role they play in regulating reverse cholesterol transport (RCT), a process by which excess cholesterol is transported back to the liver for elimination. However, RCT can be altered in the presence of cardiovascular risk factors, such as aging, which contributes to the increase in the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVD). The present study was aimed at investigating the effect of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) intake on the cholesterol efflux capacity (CEC) of HDL, and to elucidate on the mechanisms by which EVOO intake improves the anti-atherogenic activity of HDL. A total of 84 healthy women and men were enrolled and were distributed, according to age, into two groups: 27 young (31.81 ± 6.79 years) and 57 elderly (70.72 ± 5.6 years) subjects. The subjects in both groups were given 25 mL/d of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) for 12 weeks. CEC was measured using J774 macrophages radiolabeled with tritiated cholesterol ((3H) cholesterol). HDL subclass distributions were analyzed using the Quantimetrix Lipoprint® system. The HDL from the elderly subjects exhibited a lower level of CEC, at 11.12% (p < 0.0001), than the HDL from the young subjects. The CEC of the elderly subjects returned to normal levels following 12 weeks of EVOO intake. An analysis of the distribution of HDL subclasses showed that HDL from the elderly subjects were composed of lower levels of large HDL (L-HDL) (p < 0.03) and higher levels of small HDL (S-HDL) (p < 0.002) compared to HDL from the young subjects. A multiple linear regression analysis revealed a positive correlation between CEC and L-HDL levels (r = 0.35 and p < 0.001) as well as an inverse correlation between CEC and S-HDL levels (r = −0.27 and p < 0.01). This correlation remained significant even when several variables, including age, sex, and BMI as well as low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and glucose levels (β = 0.28, p < 0.002, and β = 0.24, p = 0.01) were accounted for. Consuming EVOO for 12 weeks modulated the age-related difference in the distribution of HDL subclasses by reducing the level of S-HDL and increasing the level of intermediate-HDL/large-HDL (I-HDL/L-HDL) in the elderly subjects. The age-related alteration of the CEC of HDL was due, in part, to an alteration in the distribution of HDL subclasses. A diet enriched in EVOO improved the functionality of HDL through an increase in I-HDL/L-HDL and a decrease in S-HDL.

scholarly journals POS1288 TUBERCULOUS SPONDYLODISCITIS IN ELDERLY: EPIDEMIOLOGY, CLINICAL, FEATURES, TREATMENT AND OUTCOMES

2021 ◽  
Vol 80 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 926.1-926
Author(s):  
M. Mrabet ◽  
S. Boussaid ◽  
S. Jemmali ◽  
H. Sahli ◽  
H. Ajlani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Features ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Lumbar Pain ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Normocytic Anemia ◽  
Imaging Features ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Tuberculous Spondylodiscitis

Background:Tuberculosis is still endemic all over the world. The incidence of tuberculous spondylodiscitis (TS) is steadily increasing. Clinical features and outcomes of this affection are various and depending on various parameters, including age.Objectives:Our objective was to explore the differences in presentation and the results of further investigations and the prognosis of TS between young and elderly subjects.Methods:We conduct a retrospective and descriptive study in a single rheumatology department. Data were collected from files of patients hospitalized in the past 20 years (2000-2020) who have been diagnosed with TS. We carried out a comparative study concerning the clinical biological, imaging features and outcomes between young subjects and subjects aged over 65 years.Results:Fifty-two cases of TS were collected (37F/15M). The mean age of the population was 55.21 years ± 17.79 [19-91]. Thirty-three patients (69.2%) were classified as young versus 16 elderly patients (30.8%), with female predominance in both groups (69.4% and 75% respectively, p = 0.57). Young subjects was more frequently vaccinated (88.9%) by Bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) (p < 0.001). A delayed diagnosis was noted in both groups (p = 0.24). Lumbar spine involvement was the most common (57.7%). In the two age ranges, the onset of the disease was progressive (p = 0.22), characterized by segmental spine stiffness (p = 0.57) and lumbar pain with general signs (p = 0.27), such as: impaired general condition, fever, night sweats and weight loss. Biological inflammatory syndrome and normochrome normocytic anemia were encountered in both cases (p = 0.08 and p = 0.2, respectively). Standard X-rays and Computed tomography were more performed in young subjects (94.4% and 69.4%, respectively; p < 0.001), unlike magnetic resonance imaging which was more common in elderly subjects but with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.22). Disc pinch, erosion of vertebral plateaus and vertebral collapse were the major signs (82.7%, 65.4% and 67.3%, respectively). Clinical, biological and imaging arguments contributed to positive diagnosis in both groups (p = 0.24). Common medical treatment was anti-tuberculosis: Isoniazid (H), Rifampicin (R), Pyrazinamide (Z), Ethambutol (E) and physical treatment such as immobilization witch was more common in the eldery (56.3%, p = 0.16). The evolution of the disease was characterized by a clear improvement of young subjects during the second week of treatment (p < 0.001). A more frequent clinical improvement in older subjects was during the fourth week but with no statistically significant difference (p = 0.13). The occurrence of immediate complications was more frequent in the elderly (p = 0.23) with a predominance for drug complications (56.3%) such as: hepatic cytolysis (12.5%), hyperuricemia (18.8%) and major intolerance to anti-tuberculosis (18.8%).Conclusion:TS is a frequent condition that needs to be treated rapidly. the clinical presentation of TS in the elderly is less noisy which leads to more frequent complications and mortality.Disclosure of Interests:None declared

Decreased Neutrophil Cyclic AMP Response to Isoprenaline Stimulation in the Elderly

1983 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. G. Cotter ◽  
K. O'Malley
Keyword(s):  
Monoclonal Antibodies ◽  
Cyclic Amp ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Heterogeneity ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Young Subjects ◽  
Drug Free

1. Neutrophils from drug-free elderly subjects produced approximately 50% less cyclic AMP in response to isoprenaline than did neutrophils from young subjects. A significant difference in basal cyclic AMP levels was also evident (elderly 2.8 ± 0.37; young 4.9 ± 0.36 pmol of cAMP/107 cells; P < 0.05). 2. With a range of anti-neutrophil monoclonal antibodies no evidence of age-related neutrophil population heterogeneity was found. 3. These findings indicate that the age-related decline in β-adrenoceptor responsiveness is not due to changes in the neutrophil population. 4. The present results support the hypothesis that there is a generalized decline in β-adrenoceptor-mediated responsiveness in the elderly.

Cold-induced Increases in Erythrocyte Count, Plasma Cholesterol and Plasma Fibrinogen of Elderly People without a Comparable Rise in Protein C or Factor X

1994 ◽  
Vol 86 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope J. Neild ◽  
Denise Syndercombe-Court ◽  
W. R. Keatinge ◽  
G. C. Donaldson ◽  
M. Mattock ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elderly People ◽  
Plasma Volume ◽  
Arterial Thrombosis ◽  
Protein C ◽  
Plasma Cholesterol ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Erythrocyte Count ◽  
Elderly Subjects ◽  
Factor X ◽  
Young Subjects

1. Six elderly (66-71 years) and six young (20-23 years) subjects (half of each group women) were cooled for 2 h in moving air at 18°C to investigate possible causes of increased mortality from arterial thrombosis among elderly people in cold weather. Compared with thermoneutral control experiments, skin temperature (trunk) fell from 35.5 to 29.5°C, with little change in core temperature. 2. Erythrocyte count rose in the cold from 4.29 to 4.69 × 1012/l, without a change in mean corpuscular volume, indicating a 14% or 438 ml decline in plasma volume; increased excretion of water, Na+ and K+ accounted for loss of only 179 ml of extracellular water. 3. Plasma cholesterol and fibrinogen concentrations rose in the elderly subjects from 4.9 mmol/l and 2.97 g/l (control) to 5.45 mmol/l and 3.39 g/l in the cold, and in the young subjects from 3.33 mmol/l and 1.84 g/l (control) to 3.77 mmol/l and 2.07 g/l in the cold. Increases were significant for the elderly subjects, the young subjects and the group as a whole, except for cholesterol in the young subjects, and all were close to those expected from the fall in plasma volume. 4. Plasma levels of Protein C and factor X did not increase significantly in the cold in the elderly subjects, young subjects, or the group as a whole. 5. The results suggest that loss of plasma fluid in the cold concentrates major risk factors for arterial thrombosis, while small molecules, including protective Protein C, redistribute to interstitial fluid.

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