Estradiol regulation of innate immune protection in the human female reproductive tract

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mickey Vinay. Patel
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Immune Protection ◽  
Human Female

Role of Sex Hormones in Regulating Innate Immune Protection against HIV in the Human Female Reproductive Tract

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 92-101
Author(s):  
Mickey V. Patel ◽  
Marta Rodríguez-García ◽  
Charles R. Wira
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Immune Cells ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Hormonal Changes ◽  
Immune Protection ◽  
Stromal Fibroblasts ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Adaptive Immune Cells

Immune protection in the female reproductive tract (FRT) has evolved to meet the challenges of sexually transmitted bacterial and viral pathogens, allogeneic spermatozoa, and an immunologically distinct semi-allogeneic fetus. Throughout the FRT, the innate immune system is essential for the recognition and initial response to incoming pathogens. Key mediators of innate immune protection examined in this review include epithelial cells, stromal fibroblasts, macrophages, DC, and neutrophils from the Fallopian tubes, uterus, cervix and vagina. These innate immune cells respond to pathogens resulting in the secretion of cytokines, chemokines, antimicrobials, and production of intracellular proteins that protect, activate and recruit both innate and adaptive immune cells. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection can occur throughout the FRT, including the ovary, and is modulated by multiple factors including age of the individual, epithelial barrier integrity, composition of the vaginal microbiome, and hormonal status. Alterations in immune function due to hormonal changes that optimize conditions for successful fertilization create a hypothesized “window of vulnerability” that lasts from ovulation into the secretory stage of the menstrual cycle. The goal of this review is to summarize the multiple levels of protection against HIV infection in the FRT and thereby providing a foundation for the design of vaccines for protection against sexually-transmitted infections (STI) including HIV.

Hormonal Regulation of Early Innate Immune Responses to HIV Infection by Dendritic Cells from the Human Female Reproductive Tract

2014 ◽  
Vol 30 (S1) ◽  
pp. A54-A54
Author(s):  
Marta Rodriguez-Garcia ◽  
Zheng Shen ◽  
John V. Fahey ◽  
Austin W. Boesch ◽  
Margaret E. Ackerman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
Immune Responses ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Hormonal Regulation ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Innate Immune Responses ◽  
Human Female

scholarly journals Selective Impact of HIV Disease Progression on the Innate Immune System in the Human Female Reproductive Tract

PLoS ONE ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 7 (6) ◽  
pp. e38100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Lahey ◽  
Mimi Ghosh ◽  
John V. Fahey ◽  
Zheng Shen ◽  
Lucy R. Mukura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Innate Immune System ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Innate Immune ◽  
Hiv Disease ◽  
Human Female

Effect of Contraceptive Steroids on the Endometrium of Guinea Pig: SEM study

1977 ◽  
Vol 35 ◽  
pp. 668-669
Author(s):  
Mai M. Said ◽  
Ramesh K. Nayak ◽  
Randall E. McCoy
Keyword(s):  
Guinea Pig ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Human Female ◽  
Surface Ultrastructure ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sem Study ◽  
Uterine Mucosa ◽  
Group 1

Burgos and Wislocki described changes in the mucosa of the guinea pig uterus, cervix and vagina during the estrous cycle investigated by transmission electron microscopy. More recently, Moghissi and Reame reported the effects of progestational agents on the human female reproductive tract. They found drooping and shortening of cilia in norgestrel and norethindrone- treated endometria. To the best of our knowledge, no studies concerning the effects of mestranol and norethindrone given concurrently on the three-dimensional surface features on the uterine mucosa of the guinea pig have been reported. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of mestranol and norethindrone on surface ultrastructure of guinea pig uterus by SEM.Seventy eight animals were used in this study. They were allocated into two groups. Group 1 (20 animals) was injected intramuscularly 0.1 ml vegetable oil and served as controls.

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