scholarly journals Spectral measurement of daylights and surface properties of natural objects in Japan

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Morimoto ◽  
Cong Zhang ◽  
Kazuho Fukuda ◽  
Keiji Uchikawa
Perception ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 23 (12) ◽  
pp. 1457-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
G Keith Humphrey ◽  
Melvyn A Goodale ◽  
Lorna S Jakobson ◽  
Philip Servos

Three experiments were conducted to explore the role of colour and other surface properties in object recognition. The effects of manipulating the availability of surface-based information on object naming in a patient with visual form agnosia and in two age-matched control subjects were examined in experiment 1. The objects were presented under seven different viewing conditions ranging from a full view of the actual objects to line drawings of those same objects. The presence of colour and other surface properties aided the recognition of natural objects such as fruits and vegetables in both the patient and the control subjects. Experiment 2 was focused on four of the critical viewing conditions used in experiment 1 but with a large sample of normal subjects. As in experiment 1, it was found that surface properties, particularly colour, aided the naming of natural objects. The presence of colour did not facilitate the naming of manufactured objects. Experiment 3 was focused on possible ways by which colour could assist in the recognition of natural objects and it was found that object naming was facilitated only if the objects were presented in their usual colour. The results of the experiments show that colour does improve recognition for some types of objects and that the improvement occurs at a high level of visual analysis.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takuma Morimoto ◽  
Cong Zhang ◽  
Kazuho Fukuda ◽  
Keiji Uchikawa

We present a spectral dataset of daylights and surface reflectances and transmittances of natural objects measured in Japan. Daylights were measured under the sun and under shadow from dawn to dusk on four different days to capture their temporal spectral transition. We separately measured daylight spectra at five different locations (including an open space and a forest) with minimum time difference to reveal whether a local environment alters daylight spectra reaching the ground. We found that colors of natural objects were spread in a limited area of color space, and data points were absent around bright saturated regions. Daylight spectra were found to have a larger variation across time, weather, and local environments than previously thought. Datasets are made freely available, expanding past public datasets mainly collected in Northern America and Europe.


Author(s):  
D.C. Hixson ◽  
J.C. Chan ◽  
J.M. Bowen ◽  
E.F. Walborg

Several years ago Karasaki (1) reported the production of type C virus particles by Novikoff ascites hepatocarcinoma cells. More recently, Weinstein (2) has reported the presence of type C virus particles in cell cultures derived from transplantable and primary hepatocellular carcinomas. To date, the biological function of these virus and their significance in chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis are unknown. The present studies were initiated to determine a possible role for type C virus particles in chemically induced hepatocarcinogenesis. This communication describes results of studies on the biological and surface properties of type C virus associated with Novikoff hepatocarcinoma cells.Ecotropic and xenotropic murine leukemia virus (MuLV) activity in ascitic fluid of Novikoff tumor-bearing rats was assayed in murine sarcoma virus transformed S+L- mouse cells and S+L- mink cells, respectively. The presence of sarcoma virus activity was assayed in non-virus-producing normal rat kidney (NRK) cells. Ferritin conjugates of concanavalin A (Fer-Con wheat germ agglutinin (Fer-WGA), and Ricinus communis agglutinins I and II (Fer-RCAI and Fer-RCAII) were used to probe the structure and topography of saccharide determinants present on the viral envelope.


Author(s):  
R. H. Ritchie ◽  
A. Howie

An important part of condensed matter physics in recent years has involved detailed study of inelastic interactions between swift electrons and condensed matter surfaces. Here we will review some aspects of such interactions.Surface excitations have long been recognized as dominant in determining the exchange-correlation energy of charged particles outside the surface. Properties of surface and bulk polaritons, plasmons and optical phonons in plane-bounded and spherical systems will be discussed from the viewpoint of semiclassical and quantal dielectric theory. Plasmons at interfaces between dissimilar dielectrics and in superlattice configurations will also be considered.


2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rohlf CM ◽  
Garcia TC ◽  
Marsh LJ ◽  
Fyhrie DP ◽  
le Jeune SS ◽  
...  
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