scholarly journals Does Vasculogenic Mimicry Exist in Astrocytoma?

2005 ◽  
Vol 53 (8) ◽  
pp. 997-1002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Ying Yue ◽  
Zhong-Ping Chen
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
World Health ◽  
Glial Fibrillary Acid Protein ◽  
Melanoma Tumor ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Weak Reaction ◽  
Positive Pattern ◽  
Endothelial Marker

Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) has been observed in melanoma and in some non-melanoma tumor types. It is unknown whether a similar VM phenomenon exists in astrocytoma. The present study was to examine 45 astrocytomas (including World Health Organization grade II 15 cases, grade III 15 cases, and grade IV 15 cases) by CD34 endothelial marker periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) dual staining to see if VM existing in these tumors. The results demonstrated that endothelium-lined vessels dominated the tumor microvasculature and stained positively for PAS, laminin, and endothelial marker. PAS-positive pattern of VM was found in two grade IV astrocytomas. Channels stained positively for PAS, laminin, and negatively for CD34 of the VM entrapped in the tumor tissue. Erythrocytes could be observed in some of these channels. In these networks of PAS-positive pattern, spots of weak reaction for CD34 were observed, suggesting the incorporation of VM channel and normal vessel. Furthermore, in astrocytoma, especially glioblastoma, focus of anaplastic tumor cells appeared with CD34 expression, whereas some tumor cells lost glial fibrillary acid protein expression. It is assumed that genetically deregulated tumor cells in astrocytoma could lose the astrocyte-specific protein and express inappropriate markers not expected in cells of astrocyte lineage. The present results suggest that VM phenomenon exists in some malignant astrocytoma.

scholarly journals Vasculogenic Mimicry Correlates to Presenting Symptoms and Mortality in Uveal Melanoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Sabazade ◽  
Viktor Torgny Gill ◽  
Christina Herrspiegel ◽  
Gustav Stålhammar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Presenting Symptoms

Abstract PurposeFluid-conducting extracellular matrix patterns known as vasculogenic mimicry (VM) have been associated with poor prognosis in uveal melanoma and other cancers. We investigate the correlations between VM, presenting symptoms, mortality and the area density of periodic acid-Schiff positive histological patterns (PAS density).MethodsSixty-nine patients that underwent enucleation for uveal melanoma between 2000 and 2007 were included. Clinicopathological parameters, presenting symptoms and outcomes were collected. Histological tumor sections were evaluated for VM and PAS density was quantified with digital image analysis.ResultsThirty-four patients (49 %) presented with blurred vision. 18 (26 %) with a shadow in the visual field, 7 (10 %) with photopsia and/or floaters and 2 (3 %) with metamorphopsia. Nine patients (13 %) had no symptoms at all. Median follow-up was 16.7 years (SD 2.6). A shadow in the visual field, but no other symptom, was positively correlated with the presence of VM (φ 0.70, p<0.001) and greater PAS density (p<0.001). In multivariate regression, retinal detachment (RD), presence of VM and PAS density ≥ median were independent predictors of a shadow, but not tumor distance to the macula, tumor apical thickness, tumor diameter or ciliary body engagement. Presence of VM was associated with significantly shorter cumulative disease-specific survival (Wilcoxon p=0.04), but not PAS density ≥ median, presenting symptoms or RD (p>0.28).ConclusionTumors from uveal melanoma patients that report a visual field shadow are likely to display VM and greater PAS density, likely explaining the previously reported association between this symptom and poor prognosis.

Pigmented Ependymoma With Lipofuscin and Neuromelanin Production

2003 ◽  
Vol 127 (7) ◽  
pp. 872-875 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Chak Lam Chan ◽  
Luen Cheung Ho ◽  
William Wai Lun Yip ◽  
Fung Ching Cheung
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Unusual Case ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Ependymal Cells ◽  
Ultrastructural Examination ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Dense Bodies ◽  
Signet Ring ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Hmb 45

Abstract We report an unusual case of ependymoma with pigmentation, a phenomenon that has only been described in a few cases, to our knowledge. This tumor occurred in the fourth ventricle of a 45-year-old man. It showed the typical histologic appearance of ependymoma with perivascular pseudorosettes and rare ependymal rosettes. Some tumor cells contained brown cytoplasmic pigment, which was shown histochemically to represent a mixture of lipofuscin and neuromelanin. The pigment was positive for acid-fast and periodic acid–Schiff stains and was also focally positive for Masson-Fontana and Schmorl stains (bleached by pretreatment with potassium permanganate). In addition, some other tumor cells showed a signet ring morphology as a result of prominent intracytoplasmic vacuolation. Immunohistochemically, all the tumor cells expressed glial fibrillary acidic protein, and rare pigmented tumor cells also expressed HMB-45. Ultrastructural examination showed irregularly shaped heterogeneous electron-dense bodies corresponding to the pigment, and the cytoplasmic vacuoles were formed by dilatation of intracytoplasmic lumens lined by microvilli. Since lipofuscin production can occur in normal ependymal cells and neuromelanin has been suggested to be a melanized form of lipofuscin, it is not surprising that these 2 pigments can be found in ependymoma. In all the previously reported cases, the pigment was shown to represent melanin only. In our case, the HMB-45 positivity in rare tumor cells indicated that there might also be a minor melanin component in the pigment in addition to lipofuscin and neuromelanin.

Canine Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor with Eosinophilic Cytoplasmic Globules

1998 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 223-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Kuwamura ◽  
J. Yamate ◽  
T. Kotani ◽  
T. Takeuchi ◽  
S. Sakuma
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Nerve ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Neuron Specific Enolase ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Peripheral Nerve Sheath Tumor ◽  
Nerve Sheath ◽  
Spindle Cell Proliferation

A 13-year-old male Shetland Sheepdog had a subcutaneous tumor in the left brachium. The tumor was removed and recurred several times at 5, 13, 16, 22, and 31 months after the initial presentation. Histologically, the removed nodules from the fourth resection were composed of neoplastic proliferation of round to fusiform cells, which possessed eosinophilic globules in their cytoplasm. The globules were periodic acid–Schiff positive and diastase resistant. Positive reactions for acid phosphatase were observed in the cytoplasm of the tumor cells. Ultrastructurally, these globules consisted of membrane-bound, dense structures containing dense granules, lucent vacuoles, and homogeneous materials. The recurrent tumors removed at the fifth resection consisted of spindle cell proliferation arranged in interlacing fascicles with wavy nuclei and containing a small number of cells with cytoplasmic globules. The tumor cells were immunoreactive to vimentin, S-100 protein, myelin basic protein, and neuron-specific enolase. The tumor was diagnosed as a peripheral nerve sheath tumor with eosinophilic cytoplasmic globules. These findings are unique for the histogenesis of granular cell tumors.

scholarly journals Single-cell Transcriptomic Analysis of Eutopic Endometrium and Ectopic Lesions of Adenomyosis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhiyong Liu ◽  
Zhonghua Sun ◽  
Hongyun Liu ◽  
Weipin Niu ◽  
Xin Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Epithelial Cells ◽  
Cell Motility ◽  
Single Cell ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
Cell Subpopulation ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Eutopic Endometrium ◽  
Invasion And Migration

Abstract Background: Adenomyosis (AM) is a common benign chronic gynaecological disorder; however, the precise pathogenesis of adenomyosis is still poorly understood. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) can uncover rare subpopulations, explore genetic and functional heterogeneity, and reveal the uniqueness of each cell. It provides us a new approach to reveal biological issues from a more detailed and microscopic perspective. Here, we utilize this revolutionary technology to identify the changes of gene expression patterns between ectopic lesions and the eutopic endometrium at the single-cell level and explore a potential novel pathogenesis of AM.Methods: A control endometrium (sample with leiomyoma excluding endometrial disorders, n=1), eutopic endometrium and ectopic lesion (from a patient with adenomyosis, n=1) samples were analysed by scRNA-seq, and additional leiomyoma (n=3) and adenomyosis (n=3) samples were used to confirm colocalization and vasculogenic mimicry (VM) formation. Protein colocalization was visualized by immunofluorescence, and CD34-periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) double staining was used to assess the formation of VM.Results: The scRNA-seq results suggest that cancer-, cell motility- and inflammation- (CMI) associated terms, cell proliferation and angiogenesis play important roles in the progression of AM. Moreover, the colocalization of EPCAM and PECAM1 increased significantly in the ectopic endometrium group (P < 0.05), cell subpopulation with high copy number variation (CNV) levels possessing tumour-like features existed in the ectopic lesion sample, and VNN1- and EPCAM-positive cell subcluster displayed active cell motility in endometrial epithelial cells. Furthermore, the epithelial cells transformed to endothelial cells with the obvious accumulation of vasculogenic mimicry formations (positively stained with PAS but not CD34, P < 0.05) in ectopic lesions.Conclusions: In the present study, our results support the theory of adenomyosis derived from the invasion and migration of the endometrium. Moreover, cell subcluster with high CNV level and tumour-associated characteristics is identified. Furthermore, epithelial-endothelial transition (EET) and the formation of VM in tumours, the latter of which facilitates the blood supply and plays an important role in maintaining cell growth, were also confirmed to occur in AM. These results indicated that the inhibition of EET and VM formation may be a potential strategy for AM management.

scholarly journals Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Metastasis to the Spleen in a Holstein Cow

2005 ◽  
Vol 42 (2) ◽  
pp. 230-232 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. I. Jeong ◽  
S. H. Do ◽  
M. H. Sohn ◽  
H. S. Yun ◽  
O. D. Kwon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Splenic Metastasis ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Fibrous Stroma ◽  
Holstein Cow ◽  
Stromal Response ◽  
Immunohistochemical Methods ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) with metastasis to the spleen in a Holstein cow was studied by histopathologic and immunohistochemical methods. The tumor was characterized by a pseudoglandular (acinar) pattern with an associated fibrous stroma. Individual cells often had a “hepatoid” appearance but were interspersed with scattered cells exhibiting a clear, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive cytoplasm and small eccentric nuclei. This pattern was present in nodules found in both liver and spleen. Moreover, hepatoid tumor cells were positive for alpha-fetoprotein. Immunohistochemical studies suggest that myofibroblasts were responsible for the production of fibrous septa surrounding the pseudoglandular structures of bovine HCC. In summary, our histologic and immunohistochemical findings support a diagnosis of primary HCC with splenic metastasis. Furthermore, the associated stromal response appears to be of a myofibroblast origin. The primary etiology of bovine HCC and the significance of the intralesional, PAS-positive clear cells remain undetermined.

Giant Granular Cell Tumor of the Suprasellar Area; Immunocytochemical and Electron Microscopic Studies

Neurosurgery ◽  
1984 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 246-251 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boleslaw H. Liwnicz ◽  
Boleslaw H. Liwnicz ◽  
Regina G. Liwnicz ◽  
Stephen J. Huff ◽  
Bert H. McBride ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Granular Cell Tumor ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Granular Cell ◽  
Cell Tumor ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Computed Tomographic ◽  
Suprasellar Region ◽  
Microscopic Studies

Abstract We describe a case of a granular cell tumor (GCT) of the suprasellar region with an 11-year history in a 26-year-old woman. The computed tomographic scan showed a midline, contrast-enhancing, noncalcified mass. The biopsy was diagnosed as GCT. The tumor was treated with radiation therapy. At necropsy, a large, homogeneous GCT surrounded by gliosis was found. The tumor cells were filled with granules positive for periodic acid-Schiff, diastase-resistant. The cells did not contain glial fibrillary acidic protein or S-100 protein. Electron microscopy showed tumor cells filled with innumerable lysosomal structures. No intermediate filament was found within the cytoplasm. The tumor cells were not surrounded by a basement membrane. Based on this study and on our review of the literature, the suggestion that GCT has a multicellular origin is upheld.

scholarly journals Vasculogenic mimicry correlates to presenting symptoms and mortality in uveal melanoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiva Sabazade ◽  
Viktor Gill ◽  
Christina Herrspiegel ◽  
Gustav Stålhammar
Keyword(s):  
Visual Field ◽  
Uveal Melanoma ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
Clinicopathological Parameters ◽  
Tumor Diameter ◽  
Blurred Vision ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Presenting Symptoms

Abstract Purpose Fluid-conducting extracellular matrix patterns known as vasculogenic mimicry (VM) have been associated with poor prognosis in uveal melanoma and other cancers. We investigate the correlations between VM, presenting symptoms, mortality, and the area density of periodic acid-Schiff positive histological patterns (PAS density). Methods Sixty-nine patients that underwent enucleation for uveal melanoma between 2000 and 2007 were included. Clinicopathological parameters presenting symptoms and outcomes were collected. Histological tumor sections were evaluated for VM and PAS density was quantified with digital image analysis. Results Thirty-four patients (49%) presented with blurred vision. 18 (26%) with a shadow in the visual field, 7 (10%) with photopsia and/or floaters, and 2 (3%) with metamorphopsia. Nine patients (13%) had no symptoms at all. Median follow-up was 16.7 years (SD 2.6). A shadow in the visual field, but no other symptom, was positively correlated with the presence of VM (φ 0.70, p < 0.001) and greater PAS density (p < 0.001). In multivariate regression, retinal detachment (RD), presence of VM, and PAS density ≥ median were independent predictors of a shadow, but not tumor distance to the macula, tumor apical thickness, tumor diameter, or ciliary body engagement. The presence of VM was associated with significantly shorter cumulative disease-specific survival (Wilcoxon p = 0.04), but not PAS density ≥ median, presenting symptoms or RD (p > 0.28). Conclusion Tumors from uveal melanoma patients that report a visual field shadow are likely to display VM and greater PAS density, likely explaining the previously reported association between this symptom and poor prognosis.

scholarly journals Studi Histokimia Sebaran Karbohidrat Usus Biawak Air (Varanus salvator)

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 77-84 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni ◽  
. Zuchri ◽  
. Hamny ◽  
Muhammad Jalaluddin ◽  
I Ketut Mudite Adnyane
Keyword(s):  
Alcian Blue ◽  
Histochemical Study ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Goblet Cells ◽  
Staining Reaction ◽  
Intestinal Tissue ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Weak Reaction ◽  
Intense Staining ◽  
Varanus Salvator

Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui sebaran karbohidrat pada usus biawak air dengan metode histokimia. Organ usus dari satu ekor biawak jantan dewasa dikoleksi melalui prosedur perfusi dan selanjutnya difiksasi dengan larutan paraformaldehid 4%. Usus biawak dibagi menjadi enam bagian, yaitu bagian I sampai VI dan selanjutnya diproses menjadi preparat histologi. Deteksi sebaran karbohidrat pada lapisan mukosa usus dilakukan dengan pewarnaan alcian blue (AB) pH 2,5 untuk karbohidrat asam dan periodic acid schiff (PAS) untuk karbohidrat netral. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa sebaran karbohidrat asam ditemukan pada sel goblet pada keenam bagian usus dengan intensitas reaksi sedang (++) sampai kuat (+++), dan tidak ditemukan pada struktur usus lainnya. Sebaran karbohidrat netral ditemukan di seluruh permukaan jaringan usus dengan intensitas reaksi lemah (+) sedangkan intensitas reaksi sedang (++) sampai kuat (+++) ditemukan pada sel goblet. Jumlah sel goblet penghasil karbohidrat asam dan netral pada usus bagian I-IV lebih sedikit (+~++) dibandingkan usus bagian V-VI (+++). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebaran karbohidrat asam dan netral ditemukan diseluruh bagian usus dengan intensitas pewarnaan yang bervariasi. Jumlah sel goblet yang terdeteksi menghasilkan kedua jenis karbohidrat tersebut lebih banyak ditemukan pada usus bagian kaudal.Kata kunci: jaringan usus, sel goblet, karbohidrat asam dan netral, Varanus salvator. (Histochemical Study of Intestinal Carbohydrates Distribution in the Water Monitor (Varanus salvator))The objective of this study was to elaborate the distribution of carbohydrate in intestine tissue of water monitor using histochemical method. Intestinal organ from an adult male water monitor was collected after perfused and subsequently fixed in paraformaldehyde 4%. Intestinal organ was divided to six regions e.g. I to VI and then processed to histological slides. The carbohydrate distribution on the mucosal surface of intestinal tissue was stained with alcian blue (AB) pH 2.5 for detect the acid carbohydrates and periodic acid Schiff (PAS) for the neutral carbohydrates. The results showed that the distribution of acid carbohydrates found in the goblet cells at the I to VI regions with vary intensity of staining reaction with good staining (++) to intense staining (+++), whereas other intestinal structures did not contain the acid carbohydrates. Furthermore, the distribution of neutral carbohydrates was found in the whole intestinal tissue with weak reaction (+), while good staining (++) to intense staining (+++) was appeared in the goblet cells. Additionally, the number of goblet cells containing acid and neutral carbohydrates at the I-IV region was fewer (+~++) than at V-VI region (+++). Conclusion of this study is the distribution of acid and neutral carbohydrates appeared in all regions of the intestinal tissue. The large number of goblet cells that secreting both of carbohydrate type was found at the caudal of intestinal tissue.Keywords: intestinal tissue, goblet cells, acid and neutral carbohydrates, Varanus salvator.

Feline pyloric and duodenal adenoma: A histological and immunohistochemical study

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110305
Author(s):  
Mizuho Uneyama ◽  
James K. Chambers ◽  
Ko Nakashima ◽  
Kazuyuki Uchida
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Nuclear Accumulation ◽  
Pyloric Gland ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Duodenal Adenomas ◽  
Pyloric Gland Adenoma ◽  
Molecular Features

Although pyloric and duodenal adenomas occasionally occur in cats, limited information is currently available on their phenotypes and molecular features. The present study investigated the pathological features of these tumors and the mechanisms underlying their tumorigenesis. Biopsy samples from 8 cats diagnosed with pyloric or duodenal adenomas were examined by histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Normal pyloric and duodenal tissues of cats were assessed for comparison. All cases showed a papillary growth of cuboidal to columnar cells with eosinophilic, ground-glass cytoplasm. Mucin in tumor cells was positive for periodic acid–Schiff and paradoxical concanavalin-A staining, but was negative for Alcian blue. Immunohistochemically, tumor cells were positive for cytokeratin (CK) 19 in 8/8 cases and for CK20 in 5/8 cases, and weakly positive for CD10 in 4/8 cases, CK7 in 3/8 cases, and β-catenin in 2/8 cases. Nuclear accumulation of p53 was not detected in any case. DNA sequencing analysis identified no KRAS or GNAS mutations in the 4/8 cases and 5/8 cases for which the KRAS and GNAS genes could be amplified. The histological and immunohistochemical features of tumor cells were similar to those of mucous neck cells and the pyloric gland of normal feline tissue. The morphology of feline pyloric and duodenal adenomas was consistent with that of pyloric gland adenoma in humans; however, its molecular pathogenesis may differ given the lack of KRAS and GNAS mutations in the feline tumors.

scholarly journals Angioarchitecture of Primary Oral Malignant Melanomas

2002 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 1555-1562 ◽  
Author(s):  
You-Jin Lee ◽  
Noriyuki Nagai ◽  
Chong-Huat Siar ◽  
Keisuke Nakano ◽  
Hitoshi Nagatsuka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Periodic Acid ◽  
Vasculogenic Mimicry ◽  
Tumor Vessel ◽  
Periodic Acid Schiff ◽  
Endothelial Markers ◽  
Tumor Microvasculature ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Oral Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Vascular Channels

Angiogenesis is an essential process in the progression of malignant tumors. However, little is known of the angioarchitecture in primary oral malignant melanoma. We sought to determine this by the use of periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) stain, endothelial markers (CD34, CD105) and laminin, and by transmission electron microscopy in two cases. The results demonstrated that endothelium-lined vessels dominated the tumor microvasculature and these stained positively for PAS, laminin, and endothelial markers. Mosaic and tumorlined vessels were infrequently encountered. Most PAS-positive patterned networks and loops ultrastructurally represented intratumor microhemorrhages that probably arose secondary to tumor vessel leakiness. Vascular channels of the vasculogenic mimicry type were rare. They stained for laminin but not for endothelial markers.

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