scholarly journals Race, Ethnicity, Language, Social Class, and Health Communication Inequalities: A Nationally-Representative Cross-Sectional Study

PLoS ONE ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. e14550 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kasisomayajula Viswanath ◽  
Leland K. Ackerson
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Health Communication ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Race Ethnicity ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Communication Inequalities

scholarly journals Ultra-processed food consumption in Barbados: evidence from a nationally representative, cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rachel M. Harris ◽  
Angela M. C. Rose ◽  
Suzanne Soares-Wynter ◽  
Nigel Unwin
Keyword(s):  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Sweetened Beverages ◽  
Group 4 ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Our objective was to describe, for the first time in an English-speaking Caribbean country, the contribution of ultra-processed foods (UPFs) to nutrients linked to non-communicable disease. Using a cross-sectional study design, dietary data were collected from two non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls. Recorded food items were then classified according to their degree of processing by the NOVA system. The present study took place in Barbados (2012–13). A representative population-based sample of 364 adult Barbadians (161 males and 203 females) aged 25–64 years participated in the study. UPFs represented 40⋅5 % (838 kcal/d; 95 % CI 791, 885) of mean energy intake. Sugar-sweetened beverages made the largest contribution to energy within the UPF category. Younger persons (25–44 years) consumed a significantly higher proportion of calories from UPF (NOVA group 4) compared with older persons (45–64 years). The mean energy shares of UPF ranged from 22⋅0 to 58⋅9 % for those in the lowest tertile to highest tertile. Within each tertile, the energy contribution was significantly higher in the younger age group (25–44 years) compared with the older (45–64 years). One-quarter of persons consume ≥50 % of their daily calories from UPF, this being significantly higher in younger persons. The ultra-processed diet fraction contained about six times the mean of free sugars and about 0⋅8 times the dietary fibre of the non-ultra-processed fraction (NOVA groups 1–3). Targeted interventions to decrease the consumption of UPF especially in younger persons is thus of high priority to improve the diet quality of Barbadians.

scholarly journals Understanding neighbourhood retail food environmental mechanisms influencing BMI in the Caribbean: a multilevel analysis from the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey: a cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e033839
Author(s):  
Colette Andrea Cunningham-Myrie ◽  
Novie O Younger ◽  
Katherine P Theall ◽  
Lisa-Gaye Greene ◽  
Parris Lyew-Ayee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Class ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
Retail Food

ObjectiveTo derive estimates of the associations between measures of the retail food environments and mean body mass index (BMI) in Jamaica, a middle-income country with increasing prevalence of obesity.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingData from the Jamaica Health and Lifestyle Survey 2008 (JHLS II), a nationally representative population-based survey that recruited persons at their homes over a 4-month period from all 14 parishes and 113 neighbourhoods defined as enumeration districts.ParticipantsA subsample of 2529 participants aged 18–74 years from the JHLS II who completed interviewer-administered surveys, provided anthropometric measurements and whose addresses were geocoded.Primary outcome measureMean BMI, calculated as weight divided by height squared (kg/m2).ResultsThere was significant clustering across neighbourhoods for mean BMI (intraclass correlation coefficients=4.16%). Fully adjusted models revealed higher mean BMI among women, with further distance away from supermarkets (β=0.12; 95% CI 8.20×10−3, 0.24; p=0.036) and the absence of supermarkets within a 1 km buffer zone (β=1.36; 95% CI 0.20 to 2.52; p=0.022). A 10 km increase in the distance from a supermarket was associated with a 1.7 kg/m2 higher mean BMI (95% CI 0.03 to 0.32; p=0.020) in the middle class. No associations were detected with fast-food outlets or interaction by urbanicity.ConclusionsHigher mean BMI in Jamaicans may be partially explained by the presence of supermarkets and markets and differ by sex and social class. National efforts to curtail obesity in middle-income countries should consider interventions focused at the neighbourhood level that target the location and density of supermarkets and markets and consider sex and social class-specific factors that may be influencing the associations.

scholarly journals Ultra-processed foods and added sugars in the US diet: evidence from a nationally representative cross-sectional study

BMJ Open ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. e009892 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eurídice Martínez Steele ◽  
Larissa Galastri Baraldi ◽  
Maria Laura da Costa Louzada ◽  
Jean-Claude Moubarac ◽  
Dariush Mozaffarian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Processed Foods ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Added Sugars ◽  
The Us ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract P001: LGB Health Disparities: Examining the Status of Ideal Cardiovascular Health From the 2011-2012 NHANES Survey

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshul Saxena ◽  
Muni Rubens ◽  
Sankalp Das ◽  
Tanuja Rajan ◽  
Gowtham Grandhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Cardiovascular Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minority Populations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ideal Cardiovascular Health ◽  
The Status ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
And Bisexual

Objectives: Extensive data suggests that lesbian, gay and bisexual (LGB) adults are more likely to experience adverse cardiovascular outcomes relative to heterosexuals. However, evidence regarding cardiovascular health (CVH) disparities and sexual orientation is scarce. The aim of this study was to examine the distribution of CVH metrics in a US nationally representative population of heterosexual (HT), and LGB adults. Methods: This cross-sectional study analyzed 2445 participants (representing 115 million) adults aged 18 or over years in the 2011-2012 NHANES survey. The CVH factors of smoking, body mass index (BMI), physical activity (PA), diet, blood pressure (BP), total cholesterol (TC) and glucose (GLU) were measured. Each CVH factor was then classified as ideal; intermediate; or poor. Ideal CVH was defined as presence of >=5 ideal CVH metrics. Results: 95.1% of the weighted sample self-identified as HT (95% CI: 93.5%, 96.6%) compared to 4.9% (95%: 3.3%, 6.5%) LGB. The figure illustrates the distribution of each of the 7 CVH categories according to sexual orientation. In age, gender, and race adjusted analysis, LGB individuals were 36% (AOR: 0.64; 95%: 0.29, 1.4; p > 0.05) less likely to have ideal CVH compared to HT. These proportions go higher after adjusting for age. Conclusions: The results suggest that LGB individuals face a higher risk of being in the category for poor cardiovascular health compared to heterosexuals. Evidence suggests that there are sexual orientation disparities among adults. If confirmed in other studies, results point towards disproportionately higher risk for cardiovascular disease among sexual-minority populations. Figure

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