Lipid-Lowering Effects of Tetradecylthioacetic Acid in Antipsychotic-Exposed, Female Rats: Challenges with Long-Term Treatment

Physical performance and systolic blood pressure (SBP) during aging in normotensive female Sprague-Dawley (SD) and hypertensive (mRen2)27 transgenic rats were assessed following long-term treatment with a Muscadine Grape Extract (MGE, Piedmont Research and Development Corp). MGE was administered at a dose of 0.2 mg/mL in the drinking water starting at 14 weeks (wks) of age with an endpoint at 70 wks of age (total time of treatment of 56 wks). At 20-, 40- and 70-wks of age, physical performance (exercise capacity in seconds and workload in grams - meters) was determined using a treadmill at a velocity of 17 cm/second with a 5% incline. SBP was determined by tail-cuff plethysmography in trained rats. There were no significant differences in physical performance between SD and (mRen2)27 female rats at any age despite the higher SBP in the (mRen2)27 rats at all ages. Long-term treatment with MGE had no significant effect on physical performance or SBP in SD rats at any age. In contrast, MGE treatment markedly increased exercise capacity (40 wks: 1615 ± 166 vs 4943 ± 442 seconds, p<0.01, n = 4-9; 70 wks: 2520 ± 374 vs 4117 ± 245 seconds, p<0.01, n = 4-8) and workload (40 wks: 4579 ± 490 vs 14730 ± 1353 grams - meters, p<0.01, n = 4-9; 70 wks: 8338 ± 1340 vs 13659 ± 933 grams - meters, p<0.01, n = 4-8) at the later ages in female (mRen2)27 rats, while there was no effect on SBP (20 wks: 167 ± 4 vs 173 ± 4 mm Hg, n = 4-6; 40 wks: 177 ± 8 vs 170 ± 7 mm Hg, n = 6-7; 70 wks:154 ± 6 vs 172 ± 6 mm Hg, n = 5) at any age. These data suggest that MGE treatment is effective in improving physical performance only in hypertensive female rats and may be independent of changes in blood pressure. The benefit of MGE in the older hypertensive female may reflect reductions in vascular stiffness and oxidative stress. Support: Chronic Disease Research Fund, Hypertension & Vascular Research Center

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Results of coronary angiography following long term treatment with LDL apheresis and lipid-lowering therapies in patients with familial hypercholesterolemia and myocardial infarct

Diätetik und Arteriosklerose ◽

10.1007/978-3-663-01942-8_17 ◽

1993 ◽

pp. 158-170

Author(s):

H. von Baeyer ◽

M. Schartl ◽

A. Bimmermann ◽

R. Schwerdtfeger

Keyword(s):

Coronary Angiography ◽

Familial Hypercholesterolemia ◽

Myocardial Infarct ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Ldl Apheresis ◽

Long Term Treatment

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Long-term treatment with a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist reduces ethanol intake in male and female rats

Translational Psychiatry ◽

10.1038/s41398-020-00923-1 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Daniel Vallöf ◽

Aimilia Lydia Kalafateli ◽

Elisabet Jerlhag

Keyword(s):

Receptor Agonist ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Ethanol Intake ◽

Female Rats ◽

Male And Female ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Long Term Treatment ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide ◽

Glucagon Like Peptide 1

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INFLUENCE OF GONADAL HORMONES ON THE ACTION OF CALCITONIN IN THE RAT

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/acta.0.0680585 ◽

1971 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 585-596 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

O. Helmer Serensen ◽

Inge Hindberg

Keyword(s):

Serum Calcium ◽

Thyroid Tissue ◽

Gonadal Hormones ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Female Rats ◽

Short Term ◽

Oestrogen Treatment ◽

Male And Female Rats ◽

Long Term Treatment

ABSTRACT The influence of short-term and long-term treatment with gonadal hormones on the response to calcitonin was investigated in the rat. Oestrogen-treatment, short-term as well as long-term, resulted in a reduced responsiveness to calcitonin. Long-term treatment with androgens enhanced the hypocalcaemic effect of calcitonin in castrated rats of either sex, but reduced the effect in intact animals. No sex differences could be registered in the sensitivity to calcitonin, when intact animals were compared according to age, while marked differences were observed, when the animals were compared according to weight. There was a linear decrease in the response to calcitonin with increasing age in rats of both sexes. An intraperitoneal calcium load was followed by an acute rise in the serum calcium levels. The adult animals counteracted the hypercalcaemia more slowly than the young ones. Significant differences also occurred between male and female rats, the rise in the serum calcium concentration being much more pronounced in the latter group. The hypocalcaemic activity of thyroid tissue from rats of both sexes and of various ages showed considerable variations, but no differences correlated to age or sex.

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Long-term treatment with Nandrolone Decanoate impairs mesenteric vascular relaxation in both sedentary and exercised female rats

Steroids ◽

10.1016/j.steroids.2017.02.001 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 120 ◽

pp. 7-18 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Izabela F. Caliman ◽

Cristian S. Bernabe ◽

Antônio F. de Melo ◽

Girlândia A. Brasil ◽

Andrews M. do Nascimento ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Term Treatment ◽

Female Rats ◽

Vascular Relaxation ◽

Nandrolone Decanoate ◽

Long Term Treatment

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Effects of long-term treatment with resveratrol and subcutaneous and oral estradiol administration on pituitary function in rats

Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1677/joe.1.06535 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 189 (1) ◽

pp. 77-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 26

Author(s):

Martina Böttner ◽

Julie Christoffel ◽

Hubertus Jarry ◽

Wolfgang Wuttke

Keyword(s):

Serum Levels ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Prolactin Secretion ◽

Gnrh Receptor ◽

Female Rats ◽

Pituitary Function ◽

Ovx Rats ◽

Long Term Treatment

Hormone replacement therapy (HRT) has been used for several decades to treat menopausal discomforts. However, in the light of recent studies that draw attention to the potential hazards of conventional HRT, various attempts have been undertaken to search for alternatives to classical HRT. Phytoestrogens are claimed to be capable of positively influencing menopausal symptoms, including hot flushes. We designed a long-term study of 3 months to assess the effects of subcutaneous and orally fed 17β-estradiol (E2), as well as the actions of resveratrol (RES) on pituitary function in female rats. Our results have demonstrated that RES binds with a 10-fold lower affinity to estrogen receptor (ER)-α than to ERβ. The data from the in vivo study revealed that a dosage of 5 μg and 50 μg RES/kg bodyweight per day given to ovariectomized (OVX) rats achieved serum levels of 1.0 and 8.1 μM respectively. Long-term treatment of OVX rats with RES revealed no estrogenic potential on pituitary function in vivo as assessed by LH and prolactin secretion and by regulation of mRNAs for LHα, LHβ, and GnRH receptor. Subcutaneous treatment with E2 in silastic capsules exerted stronger effects on LH and prolactin secretion, as well as on LHβ, LHα, GnRH receptor, and ERβ mRNA regulation compared with orally applied estradiol benzoate despite comparable serum levels. Levels of aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) mRNA in the pituitary were increased following OVX and attenuated by long-term E2 treatment, whereas RES did not modulate AhR mRNA expression.

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Chinese Herbal Medicine on Dyslipidemia: Progress and Perspective

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2014/163036 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Ming Guo ◽

Yue Liu ◽

Zhu-Ye Gao ◽

Da-zhuo Shi

Keyword(s):

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Chinese Herb ◽

Term Treatment ◽

Lipid Lowering ◽

Favorable Effect ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Long Term Treatment ◽

Lipid Lowering Agents ◽

Hypolipidemic Drugs

Dyslipidemia is an independent risk factor of cardiovascular diseases. The statins are a milestone in the primary and second prevention of cardiovascular diseases and significantly improved its prognosis. Along with the long-term treatment with statins in combination with other hypolipidemic drugs or alone, its safety has attracted a particular attention in clinic, such as the elevation of transaminase and rhabdomyolysis, which have raised an idea of developing the other types of lipid-lowering agents from botanic materials. Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has been used in clinical practice for more than 2000 years in China and showed some beneficial effects for human health and many diseases. Recently, many studies demonstrated a favorable effect of TCM for treating dyslipidemia; however, its mechanism remains unclear or totally unknown. The progress and perspective of studies on dyslipidemia with single Chinese herb and its monomers or effective extracts during the past 10 years are discussed in the present review.

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