scholarly journals Polymorphisms in CaSR and CLDN14 Genes Associated with Increased Risk of Kidney Stone Disease in Patients from the Eastern Part of India

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0130790 ◽  
Author(s):  
Manalee Guha ◽  
Biswabandhu Bankura ◽  
Sudakshina Ghosh ◽  
Arup Kumar Pattanayak ◽  
Saurabh Ghosh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

scholarly journals Association of Increased Body Mass Index and Waist to Hip Ratio with Kidney Stone Disease: a prospective analysis of 493,410 UK Biobank participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Lovegrove
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
University Of Oxford ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Nuffield Department ◽  
The Uk

Catherine E Lovegrove1,2 – [email protected] Littlejohns3- [email protected] Allen3- [email protected] A Howles1,4- [email protected] W Turney 1,2- [email protected] 1 Department of Urology, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK2 University of Oxford Nuffield Department of Surgical Sciences, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK3 University of Oxford Nuffield Department of Public Health, Oxford, Oxfordshire, UK4 Academic Endocrine Unit, Radcliffe Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK   Objectives To investigate the relationship between measures of adiposity and risk of incident kidney stone disease. Patients and methods The UK Biobank is a prospective cohort study of ~500,000 participants whose height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist:hip ratio (WHR), total fat mass, fat-free mass, body-fat percentage and percentage truncal fat were measured at enrolment with linkage to medical records. ICD-10 and OPCS codes were used to identify individuals with a new diagnosis of nephrolithiasis from 2006-2010. Individuals with a history of kidney stones or incomplete data were excluded. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazard models were used to assess associations between anthropometric measures and incident kidney stones. Results From the UK Biobank, 493,410 individuals were identified for inclusion; 3,466 developed a kidney stone during the study period. Increasing weight, BMI, waist and hip circumferences, WHR, and body and truncal fat were associated with increased risk of incident kidney stone disease. However, after adjustment for BMI, only waist circumference and WHR remained significantly associated with risk of nephrolithiasis. In overweight patients, high (men 94-102cm, women 80-88cm) waist circumference or WHR (men >0.9, women >0.85) conferred >40% increased risk of stone formation. Conclusion This study indicates that android fat distribution is independently associated with increased risk of developing nephrolithiasis. Kidney stone disease is known to be associated with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, all of which are linked to android body shape. Our findings provide insight into anthropometric risk factors for stone disease, will facilitate identification of patients at greatest risk of stone recurrence, and will inform prevention strategies.

scholarly journals KIDNEY STONE DISEASE WITH SPECIAL REGARD TO DRUG-INDUCED KIDNEY STONES – A CONTEMPORARY SYNOPSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 73 (9) ◽  
pp. 2031-2039
Author(s):  
Łukasz Dobrek
Keyword(s):  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Endogenous Compounds

Kidney stone disease (nephrolithiasis; urolithiasis) is a clinical entity with long-term course and recurrence, primarily affecting mature and ageing men, involving the formation and presence of urinary stones in the kidneys and urinary tract. The pathogenesis of this disorder is complex and still not fully understood. A rare, potentially modifiable, form of kidney stone disease takes the form of drug-induced urinary stones. The aim of the review was a brief description of the classification and pathophysiology of kidney stone disease, along with the short characteristics of drug-induced urinary stones. This type of stones is formed as a result of crystallisation in the kidneys and urinary tract of sparingly soluble drugs and their metabolites, or as a result of metabolic changes caused by drugs, predestinating the development of stones containing endogenous compounds. Conclusion: Therefore, during treatment with the use of drugs with high lithogenic potential, the safety of pharmacotherapy should be monitored in the context of its increased risk of developing urinary stones.

scholarly journals 323 Association of Increased Body Mass Index and Waist to Hip Ratio with Kidney Stone Disease: a Prospective Analysis of 493,410 UK Biobank participants

2021 ◽  
Vol 108 (Supplement_6) ◽  
Author(s):  
C Lovegrove ◽  
T Littlejohns ◽  
N Allen ◽  
S Howles ◽  
B Turney
Keyword(s):  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Fat Free Mass ◽  
Uk Biobank ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
The Uk

Abstract Aim To investigate the relationship between measures of adiposity and risk of incident kidney stone disease. Method The UK Biobank is a prospective cohort study of ∼500,000 participants whose height, weight, BMI, waist circumference, hip circumference, waist:hip ratio (WHR), total fat mass, fat-free mass, body-fat percentage, and percentage truncal fat were measured at enrolment with linkage to medical records. ICD-10 and OPCS codes identified individuals with a new diagnosis of nephrolithiasis from 2006-2010. Individuals with a history of kidney stones or incomplete data were excluded. Multivariate Cox-proportional hazard models were used to assess associations between anthropometric measures and incident kidney stones. Results From the UK Biobank, 493,410 individuals were identified for inclusion; 3,466 developed a kidney stone during the study period. Increasing weight, BMI, waist, and hip circumferences, WHR, and body and truncal fat were all associated with increased risk of incident kidney stone disease. However, after adjustment for BMI, only waist circumference and WHR remained significantly associated with risk of nephrolithiasis. In overweight patients, high (men 94-102cm, women 80-88cm) waist circumference or WHR (men >0.9, women >0.85) conferred >40% increased risk of stone formation. Conclusions This study indicates that android fat distribution is independently associated with increased risk of developing nephrolithiasis. Kidney stone disease is known to be associated with hypertension, cardiovascular disease, and diabetes, all of which have been linked to android body shape. Our findings provide insight into anthropometric risk factors for stone disease, will facilitate identification of patients at greatest risk of stone recurrence, and will inform prevention strategies.

scholarly journals Kidney Stone Disease: An Update on Current Concepts

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tilahun Alelign ◽  
Beyene Petros
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Mitogen Activated Protein Kinase ◽  
World Population ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

Kidney stone disease is a crystal concretion formed usually within the kidneys. It is an increasing urological disorder of human health, affecting about 12% of the world population. It has been associated with an increased risk of end-stage renal failure. The etiology of kidney stone is multifactorial. The most common type of kidney stone is calcium oxalate formed at Randall’s plaque on the renal papillary surfaces. The mechanism of stone formation is a complex process which results from several physicochemical events including supersaturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention of urinary stone constituents within tubular cells. These steps are modulated by an imbalance between factors that promote or inhibit urinary crystallization. It is also noted that cellular injury promotes retention of particles on renal papillary surfaces. The exposure of renal epithelial cells to oxalate causes a signaling cascade which leads to apoptosis by p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase pathways. Currently, there is no satisfactory drug to cure and/or prevent kidney stone recurrences. Thus, further understanding of the pathophysiology of kidney stone formation is a research area to manage urolithiasis using new drugs. Therefore, this review has intended to provide a compiled up-to-date information on kidney stone etiology, pathogenesis, and prevention approaches.

scholarly journals Herbal Alternative for Kidney Stone Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-s) ◽  
pp. 702-704
Author(s):  
Bhavisha Bhupendrabhai Patel
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Oxalate ◽  
Kidney Stones ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
World Population ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Increased Risk

Kidney stone disease is an increasing disorder of humans. It affects about 12% of the world population. Epidemiological data have shown that calcium oxalate is the predominant mineral in a majority of kidney stones. [1] It has been associated with an increased risk of end-stage renal failure. Kidney stones   result from a succession of several physicochemical events including super saturation, nucleation, growth, aggregation, and retention within the kidneys. Kidney stones may cause extreme pain and blockage of urine flow .The average life time risk of stone formation has been reported in the range of 5-10 %.Recurrent stone formation is a common part of the medical care of patients with stone disease.[2] Kidney stone disease is usually treated with medications that may cause a number of side-effects. Even improved and besides the high cost that imposes, compelling data now suggest that exposure to shock waves in therapeutic doses may cause acute renal injury, decrease in renal function and an increase in stone recurrence. Data from in vitro, in vivo and clinical trials reveal that phytotherapeutic agents could be useful as either an alternative therapy in the management of urolithiasis. The present review therefore critically explains the potential usefulness of herbal medicines in the management of urolithiasis. Keywords:  Kidney stones, Calcium oxalate, Herbal plant extracts, Alternative medicine

Somatosensory and trophic findings in the referred pain area in patients with kidney stone disease

2013 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 165-170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katja Venborg Pedersen ◽  
Asbjørn Mohr Drewes ◽  
Ole Graumann ◽  
Susanne Sloth Osther ◽  
Anne Estrup Olesen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Referred Pain ◽  
Lateral Side ◽  
Pain Thresholds ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Trophic Changes ◽  
Electrical Stimuli ◽  
Pain Area

AbstractBackground and purposeVisceral and somatic afferents activate the same neuronal structures in the central nervous system. Assessing somatosensory function and trophic changes in the referred pain area may therefore indirectly increase information on mechanisms involved in painful visceral diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate the sensory and trophic changes in the flank corresponding to the referred pain area in patients with kidney stone disease.MethodsA total of 24 patients with unilateral pain-causing kidney stone disease were studied before and after endoscopic percutaneous kidney stone surgery. Trophic changes and sensitivity on the affected and on the contra-lateral side in the pain free period were investigated. For this purpose we used standardized experimental sensory testing including pressure stimulation and electrical (single and repeated) skin stimulation. Five repeated stimuli were used to investigate temporal summation (increased responses to repeated stimuli). To investigate trophic changes ultrasound as well as CT-scan was used, since the latter is considered more precise for exact tissue layer measurements.ResultsThe pain tolerance thresholds to pressure and pain thresholds to electrical stimulation were not significantly different on the two sides (all P>0.1). After surgery no significant alterations in sensitivity were detected, but there was a tendency to higher pain thresholds to electrical stimuli on the affected side (single stimuli P=0.06; repeated stimuli P=0.09). No trophic changes were observed (all P>0.3), and there were no relations between the pain thresholds or trophic findings and the number of colics (all P >0.08).ConclusionIn patients with unilateral pain-causing kidney stone disease the pain to experimental pressure and electrical stimuli were comparable on the affected and contra-lateral side. For the first time a CT-scan was used to evaluate tissue thickness in the referred pain area. No trophic changes were seen in the muscle or subcutaneous tissue at the affected side, and there were no correlations between the pain thresholds or trophic findings and the patients history of number of colics. After the operation no significant alterations in sensitivity were detected.ImplicationsThis study could not confirm previous studies showing referred hyperalgesia in the skin and trophic changes in the referred pain area to painful visceral disease. Differences in the pain intensity/duration between different diseases and hence the corresponding central neuronal changes may explain the negative findings in the present study.

scholarly journals Nutrition and Kidney Stone Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 1917
Author(s):  
Roswitha Siener
Keyword(s):  
Kidney Stone ◽  
Fluid Intake ◽  
Stone Formation ◽  
Urinary Stone ◽  
Stone Disease ◽  
Urinary Stones ◽  
Dietary Therapy ◽  
Effective Prevention ◽  
Kidney Stone Disease ◽  
Nutrition And Diet

The prevalence of kidney stone disease is increasing worldwide. The recurrence rate of urinary stones is estimated to be up to 50%. Nephrolithiasis is associated with increased risk of chronic and end stage kidney disease. Diet composition is considered to play a crucial role in urinary stone formation. There is strong evidence that an inadequate fluid intake is the major dietary risk factor for urolithiasis. While the benefit of high fluid intake has been confirmed, the effect of different beverages, such as tap water, mineral water, fruit juices, soft drinks, tea and coffee, are debated. Other nutritional factors, including dietary protein, carbohydrates, oxalate, calcium and sodium chloride can also modulate the urinary risk profile and contribute to the risk of kidney stone formation. The assessment of nutritional risk factors is an essential component in the specific dietary therapy of kidney stone patients. An appropriate dietary intervention can contribute to the effective prevention of recurrent stones and reduce the burden of invasive surgical procedures for the treatment of urinary stone disease. This narrative review has intended to provide a comprehensive and updated overview on the role of nutrition and diet in kidney stone disease.

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