scholarly journals Computer-Based Cognitive Programs for Improvement of Memory, Processing Speed and Executive Function during Age-Related Cognitive Decline: A Meta-Analysis

PLoS ONE ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. e0130831 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan-kun Shao ◽  
Jing Mang ◽  
Pei-lan Li ◽  
Jie Wang ◽  
Ting Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

scholarly journals Alpha Power and Functional Connectivity in Cognitive Decline: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 1047-1088
Author(s):  
Nena Lejko ◽  
Daouia I. Larabi ◽  
Christoph S. Herrmann ◽  
André Aleman ◽  
Branislava Ćurčić-Blake
Keyword(s):  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Neural Oscillations ◽  
Alpha Power ◽  
Healthy Older Adults ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Neurodegenerative Dementia ◽  
Meta Analyses ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

Background: Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a stage between expected age-related cognitive decline and dementia. Dementias have been associated with changes in neural oscillations across the frequency spectrum, including the alpha range. Alpha is the most prominent rhythm in human EEG and is best detected during awake resting state (RS). Though several studies measured alpha power and synchronization in MCI, findings have not yet been integrated. Objective: To consolidate findings on power and synchronization of alpha oscillations across stages of cognitive decline. Methods: We included studies published until January 2020 that compared power or functional connectivity between 1) people with MCI and cognitively healthy older adults (OA) or people with a neurodegenerative dementia, and 2) people with progressive and stable MCI. Random-effects meta-analyses were performed when enough data was available. Results: Sixty-eight studies were included in the review. Global RS alpha power was lower in AD than in MCI (ES = –0.30; 95% CI = –0.51, –0.10; k = 6), and in MCI than in OA (ES = –1.49; 95% CI = –2.69, –0.29; k = 5). However, the latter meta-analysis should be interpreted cautiously due to high heterogeneity. The review showed lower RS alpha power in progressive than in stable MCI, and lower task-related alpha reactivity in MCI than in OA. People with MCI had both lower and higher functional connectivity than OA. Publications lacked consistency in MCI diagnosis and EEG measures. Conclusion: Research indicates that RS alpha power decreases with increasing impairment, and could—combined with measures from other frequency bands—become a biomarker of early cognitive decline.

Processing Speed, Inhibitory Control, and Working Memory: Three Important Factors to Account for Age-Related Cognitive Decline

2008 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 115-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arturo X. Pereiro Rozas ◽  
Onésimo Juncos-Rabadán ◽  
María Soledad Rodríguez González
Keyword(s):  
Working Memory ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Cognitive Tasks ◽  
Direct Effects ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Best Fitting ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline ◽  
Fitting Model

Processing speed, inhibitory control and working memory have been identified as the main possible culprits of age-related cognitive decline. This article describes a study of their interrelationships and dependence on age, including exploration of whether any of them mediates between age and the others. We carried out a LISREL analysis of the performance of 79 participants of low educational level aged 40–91 years in six cognitive tasks. In the best mediational model the effects of age on inhibitory control and working memory are largely mediated by its effect on processing speed. However, in the best-fitting model age has only direct effects on processing speed, working memory, and inhibitory control.

scholarly journals Relationship between Serum and Brain Carotenoids,α-Tocopherol, and Retinol Concentrations and Cognitive Performance in the Oldest Old from the Georgia Centenarian Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-13 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth J. Johnson ◽  
Rohini Vishwanathan ◽  
Mary Ann Johnson ◽  
Dorothy B. Hausman ◽  
Adam Davey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Oldest Old ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Cognitive Domains ◽  
Memory Processing ◽  
Significant Relationships ◽  
Age Related ◽  
The Status ◽  
Delayed Recognition ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

Oxidative stress is involved in age-related cognitive decline. The dietary antioxidants, carotenoids, tocopherols, and vitamin A may play a role in the prevention or delay in cognitive decline. In this study, sera were obtained from 78 octogenarians and 220 centenarians from the Georgia Centenarian Study. Brain tissues were obtained from 47 centenarian decedents. Samples were analyzed for carotenoids,α-tocopherol, and retinol using HPLC. Analyte concentrations were compared with cognitive tests designed to evaluate global cognition, dementia, depression and cognitive domains (memory, processing speed, attention, and executive functioning). Serum lutein, zeaxanthin, andβ-carotene concentrations were most consistently related to better cognition (P<0.05) in the whole population and in the centenarians. Only serum lutein was significantly related to better cognition in the octogenarians. In brain, lutein andβ-carotene were related to cognition with lutein being consistently associated with a range of measures. There were fewer significant relationships forα-tocopherol and a negative relationship between brain retinol concentrations and delayed recognition. These findings suggest that the status of certain carotenoids in the old may reflect their cognitive function. The protective effect may not be related to an antioxidant effect given thatα-tocopherol was less related to cognition than these carotenoids.

Effects of a computer-based cognitive exercise program on age-related cognitive decline

2013 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrea Bozoki ◽  
Mirjana Radovanovic ◽  
Brian Winn ◽  
Carrie Heeter ◽  
James C. Anthony
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Cognitive Exercise ◽  
Computer Based ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline

scholarly journals Is hypertension more strongly linked to age-related cognitive decline in executive function than in elementary speed function?

2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Takeshi Hatta ◽  
Akihiko Iwahara ◽  
Kimiko Kato ◽  
Chie Hotta ◽  
Taketoshi Hatta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Decline ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Speed Function ◽  
Age Related Cognitive Decline
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