EFFECT OF DIFFERENT INTERVAL SPEED TRAINING ON ATHLETE REACTION

ABSTRACT Introduction: High-intensity Intermittent Training (HIIT) ranked first in the ACSM “2013 Global Training Methodology Survey”. Objective: To explore the influence of different speed training intervals on athlete reaction speed. Methods: Sixteen male bicycle athletes were randomly divided into two groups. The two groups then completed a six-week training routine (NT). The two groups then completed a six-week training routine , started 6 weeks of Sprint Interval Training (SIT) (a total of 12 lessons), with SIT instead of Normal Training (NT) live endurance training, and another training remains unchanged. Results: After 6 weeks of NT, Pmax GXT in the CG and DG groups decreased by 0.7% and 1.7%, respectively,as compared to the pre-training numbers. The difference was not statistically significant (P>0.05). And after 6 weeks of SIT, Pmax GXT increased significantly (P<0.05) in both experimental groupss,with increases of 9.2% and 10.2% for the CG and DG groups, respectively. Conclusions: The results show that intermittent training can effectively improve the aerobic metabolism of short-haul cyclists. As the power bicycle load and the training intensity and volume of the deceleration intermittent training program increase, the more significant the changes in aerobic capacity that can result in adaptability. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

EFFECT OF FOOTBALL ON REHABILITATION OF ANKLE INJURY PATIENTS

ABSTRACT Introduction: Brief introduction: Ankle tendon and ligament sports injuries are common in football players. Objective: To continue to improve special strength training related to the characteristics of football after rehabilitation of injured ankle tendons and ligaments. Methods: Two master football sportsmen were rehabilitated by multi-point equal-length, short-arc and long-arc equal-speed training combined with balance ability exercises. Results: There were two long muscle L be maintain muscle tone plantar flexors force four times of 96 n/m, n/m 121, 140 n/m, 145 n/m than back flexors force of 63 n/m, 52 n/m, 60 n/m, 74 n/m tall. Plantar flexor fatigue was 57%, 30%, 29%, 12%, 28%, 18%, 20%, 21%. Conclusions: With the passing of time, the relative peak moment value of the right ankle plantar flexor muscle group of the two patients kept rising, the dorsiflexor muscle was basically flat, and the work fatigue index decreased step by step, indicating that the right ankle muscle strength level was significantly improved, the anti-fatigue ability was improved, and the rehabilitation treatment had a good effect. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - investigation of treatment results.

Pengembangan Alat Tes Spinning Iron Untuk Latihan Kecepatan Pukulan Ukm Beladiri Upgri

Development of Spinning Iron Tool for Martial Arts Punch Speed ??Training. Faculty of Social Sciences and Sports Education. PGRI University in Semarang. 2021. This research is motivated by players who are less interested in participating in training, because the training system is too ordinary so that they feel bored and there is no multifunctional tool that can be used for martial arts. Therefore, the researcher aims to develop a spinning iron tool for training the speed of a martial arts stroke as a multifunctional training aid that can be used for martial arts training. This research is a research development or Research and Development (R&D). This research was conducted in several steps, namely: potential problems, data collection, product design, design validation, design revision, product testing, product revision, usage testing. The development of the spinning iron tool for martial arts stroke speed training was previously validated by material experts, media experts and 6 athletes for small-scale trials, 20 large-scale trial athletes. The subject of this research is the UKM martial arts, University of PGRI Semarang. Data collection techniques used in this study using an instrument in the form of a questionnaire. The data analysis technique of this research is descriptive qualitative and percentage descriptive quantitative. The results showed that the spinning iron tool was very suitable to be used as a game sports training aid. These results were obtained from the latest validation results of a) material expert at 87.5% or very feasible; b) media experts 95% or very feasible; c) field trial athletes of 90.2% or very feasible. Thus, the conclusion is that the spinning iron tool for martial arts stroke speed training has been declared very suitable for use as a martial arts training aid.

Development of Electronic Soccer Goalkeeper Reaction Speed Training Equipment 2020

This study aims to determine the feasibility of the 2020 Electronic Football Goalkeeper Reaction Speed Training Tool. This research method is a type of Research and Development (R&D). The subjects of this research were taken from SSB Perstas, SSB Kwarta, and SSB Cakra. Development of the Electronic-Based Soccer Goalkeeper Reaction Training Tool for 2020 has been made and validated by 4 experts, namely Equipment, Electronics, Coach, and Sports. The results of the small group test involving 9 goalkeepers from SSB Perstas, SSB Patmi 50, and SSB Cakra, show that the goalkeeper reaction speed training tool meets the criteria to be continued in large group trials with a percentage of 84 - 100%. The results of the large group test involving 15 goalkeepers from SSB Perstas, SSB Patmi 50, SSB Cakra SSB Kwarta and SSB Gumarang, showed that the goalkeeper reaction speed training tool met the criteria to be continued into mass production with a percentage of 82-100%. It can be concluded that the development of a football goalkeeper reaction speed tool can be categorized as "very good" with the meaning "feasible” and usable.

Relationships between Strength and Step Frequency with Fatigue Index in Repeated Sprint Ability

Force−velocity profile (FVP) and repeated-sprint ability (RSA) tests are indicators of physical capacities in most team sport players. The purpose of this study was to examine the stride kinematics during a repeated-sprint ability (RSA) test and to analyze the relationship between Bosco’s force−velocity profile (FVP) and RSA performance in elite female field hockey players. Thirteen elite-female players performed both RSA (six 30 m maximal sprints) and jumping (CMJ weighted and body weight) tests. Sprinting time fatigue indexes during a 30 m RSA test were correlated with step frequency fatigue indexes (r > 0.7; p < 0.01). CMJ50 showed a large relationship with sprint time fatigue indexes. FV50 showed a very large relationship with sprint time fatigue indexes (r > 0.7; p < 0.01), and a large relationship with the step frequency fatigue indexes (r > 0.5; p < 0.05). This study highlighted two possible ways to improve fatigue indexes in RSA, with the aim of maximizing the distances covered at high-intensities during the matches: (a) strength training and (b) focusing on step frequency during speed training.

PENGEMBANGAN VARIASI LATIHAN KECEPATAN REAKSI PENJAGA GAWANG FUTSAL

This study aims to develop a form of reaction speed training variation in the futsal game in 2021. The population in this study were all SKP Fc goalkeeper athletes, Amir Hamzah, and Bersama Fs. The form of the small group variation that has been made is validated by 3 experts, 1 futsal coach, 1 expert in sports, and 1 expert in language, where the percentage of validity is 58%-97% taken from the smallest to the largest percentage value of the overall results. The method used is the research and development (R&D) method. The form of the large group variation that has been made is validated by 3 experts, 1 futsal coach, 1 expert in sports, and 1 expert in language, where the percentage of validity is 86%-97% taken from the smallest to the largest percentage value of the overall results. The method used is the research and development (R&D) method. The results of the small group test involving 6 futsal goalkeeper athletes SKP Fc and Amir Hamzah showed that the 20 variations of the exercise had met the appropriate criteria. The percentage of validity of the questionnaire that has been distributed to the sample shows that 77%-96% is taken from the smallest to the largest percentage value of the overall results. The results of the large group test of 14 futsal goalkeeper athletes SKP Fc, Amir Hamzah, and Bersama Fs showed that the 20 variations of the exercise had met the criteria for use. The percentage of validity of the questionnaire that has been distributed to the sample shows that 84%-96% is taken from the smallest to the largest percentage value of the overall results. It can be concluded that the 20 models of exercise variations are good for increasing the ability and reaction speed of futsal goalkeepers and interesting exercises, because they are very important in training so that these exercises do not.

A Competitive Sprinter’s Resting Blood Lactate Levels Fluctuate with a One-Year Training Cycle: Case Reports

It has been reported that the variability of resting blood lactate concentration (BLa) is related to metabolic capacity. However, it is unclear whether the resting BLa of athletes can be utilized as a metabolic biomarker. This longitudinal case study tested the hypothesis that resting BLa levels in the morning fluctuate with a 1-year training cycle. The subject was an adult male sprinter, and BLa and blood glucose at the time of waking were measured every day for 1 year. The training cycles were divided into five phases: 1. Basic training: high-intensity and high-volume load; 2. Condition and speed training: high-intensity and low-volume load; 3. Competition training I: track race and high-intensity load; 4. Conditioning for injury; 5. Competition training II. The mean BLa levels in the basic training (1.10 ± 0.32 mmol/L and competition training I (1.06 ± 0.28 mmol/L) phases were significantly lower than in the condition and speed training (1.26 ± 0.40 mmol/L) and conditioning injury (1.37 ± 0.34 mmol/L) phases. The clarified training cycle dependence of resting BLa is suggested to be related to the ability to utilize lactate as an energy substrate with fluctuations in oxidative metabolic capacity. This case report supports the tentative hypothesis that resting BLa may be a biomarker index linked to the metabolic capacity according to the training cycle.

Molecular generation by Fast Assembly of (Deep)SMILES fragments

Background In recent years, in silico molecular design is regaining interest. To generate on a computer molecules with optimized properties, scoring functions can be coupled with a molecular generator to design novel molecules with a desired property profile. Results In this article, a simple method is described to generate only valid molecules at high frequency ($$>300,000$$ > 300 , 000 molecule/s using a single CPU core), given a molecular training set. The proposed method generates diverse SMILES (or DeepSMILES) encoded molecules while also showing some propensity at training set distribution matching. When working with DeepSMILES, the method reaches peak performance ($$>340,000$$ > 340 , 000 molecule/s) because it relies almost exclusively on string operations. The “Fast Assembly of SMILES Fragments” software is released as open-source at https://github.com/UnixJunkie/FASMIFRA. Experiments regarding speed, training set distribution matching, molecular diversity and benchmark against several other methods are also shown.

COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF PROGRESSIVE SPEED TRAINING PROGRAM OF TRIBAL AND NON-TRIBAL BOYS

Speed is one of the vital motor abilities that need to start the developmental process at the early ages of the players. The study aims to identify the progression of progressive speed training basis on the duration of training of the Santali tribe and Bengali teen boys. Subjects were Santali tribe and Bengali adolescent schoolboys and their ages ranged between 13 to 15 years selected from Bankura District of West Bengal, India. These two groups were further divided into control and experimental groups and in each of the groups, there were 20 students. Initially, 4 weeks of uniform conditioning trainings were given to all groups before the pretest T1 was conducted. Further, consecutively 3 more post-tests were conducted every 4 weeks after providing progressive speed training. For the comparison, MANOVA, ANOVA, and LSD post hock test were employed and the Mean value was seen in the descriptive part. The result of the study reveals that Non-tribal (Bengali) and Tribal (Santali) adolescent schoolboys responded positively with the designed progressive speed training. This progression of tests timing took place progressively over time on the Bengali and Santali boys almost similarly. Though the Santali boys took the upper hand over Bengali boys numerically at the final stage of progression in the timing of the speed test, on the contrary in the first two post-tests, T2 & T3 progression took place almost in the same fashion. It is concluded that alike progressive speed training is almost equally effective for Santali tribe and Bengali adolescent boys for the development of sprinting ability. <p> </p><p><strong> Article visualizations:</strong></p><p><img src="/-counters-/edu_01/0856/a.php" alt="Hit counter" /></p>

A NEAT Based Two Stage Neural Network Approach to Generate a Control Algorithm for a Pultrusion System

Controlling complex systems by traditional control systems can sometimes lead to sub-optimal results since mathematical models do often not completely describe physical processes. An alternative approach is the use of a neural network based control algorithm. Neural Networks can approximate any function and as such are able to control even the most complex system. One challenge of this approach is the necessity of a high speed training loop to facilitate enough training rounds in a reasonable time frame to generate a viable control network. This paper overcomes this problem by employing a second neural network to approximate the output of a relatively slow 3D-FE-Pultrusion-Model. This approximation is by orders of magnitude faster than the original model with only minor deviations from the original models behaviour. This new model is then employed in a training loop to successfully train a NEAT based genetic control algorithm.