Correction: High Throughput Measurement of γH2AX DSB Repair Kinetics in a Healthy Human Population

Choline is metabolized by the gut microbiota into trimethylamine (TMA), the precursor of pro-atherosclerotic molecule trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO). A reduction in TMA formation has shown cardioprotective effects, and some phytochemicals may reduce TMA formation. This study aimed to develop an optimized, high-throughput anaerobic fermentation methodology to study the inhibition of choline microbial metabolism into TMA by phenolic compounds with healthy human fecal starter. Optimal fermentation conditions were: 20% fecal slurry (1:10 in PBS), 100 µM choline, and 12 h fermentation. Additionally, 10 mM of 3,3-dimethyl-1-butanol (DMB) was defined as a positive TMA production inhibitor, achieving a ~50% reduction in TMA production. Gallic acid and chlorogenic acid reported higher TMA inhibitory potential (maximum of 80–90% TMA production inhibition), with IC50 around 5 mM. Neither DMB nor gallic acid or chlorogenic acid reduced TMA production through cytotoxic effects, indicating mechanisms such as altered TMA-lyase activity or expression.

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Mediterranean spotted fever in Salamanca, Spain. Epidemiological study in patients and serosurvey in animals and healthy human population

Acta Tropica ◽

10.1016/0001-706x(89)90046-6 ◽

1989 ◽

Vol 46 (5-6) ◽

pp. 335-350 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

JoséIgnacio Herrero-Herrero ◽

Ricardo Ruiz-Beltrán ◽

A.Manuel Martín-Sánchez ◽

Enrique J. García

Keyword(s):

Epidemiological Study ◽

Human Population ◽

Spotted Fever ◽

Mediterranean Spotted Fever ◽

Healthy Human

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DEVELOPMENT OF AN IMPROVED EPSTEIN-BARR VIRUS (EBV) NEUTRALIZING ANTIBODY ASSAY TO FACILITATE DEVELOPMENT OF A PROPHYLACTIC GP350-SUBUNIT EBV VACCINE

Mediterranean Journal of Hematology and Infectious Diseases ◽

10.4084/mjhid.2020.016 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. e2020016

Author(s):

Hui Liu ◽

Lorraine Gemmell ◽

Rui Lin ◽

Fengrong Zuo ◽

Henry H. Balfour ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Throughput ◽

Neutralizing Antibody ◽

Neutralization Assay ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Antibody Detection ◽

Healthy Human ◽

Barr Virus ◽

Human Sera ◽

Epstein Barr ◽

Bioanalytical Assays

No licensed vaccine is available for prevention of EBV-associated diseases, and robust, sensitive, and high-throughput bioanalytical assays are needed to evaluate immunogenicity of gp350 subunit-based candidate EBV vaccines. Here we have developed and improved analytical tools for such a vaccine’s pre-clinical and clinical validation including a gp350-specific antibody detection assay and an EBV-GFP based neutralization assay for measuring EBV specific antibodies in human donors. The sensitivity of our previously published high-throughput EBV-GFP fluorescent focus (FFA)-based neutralization assay was further improved when guinea pig complement was supplemented using a panel of healthy human sera. Anti-gp350 antibody titers, which were evaluated using an anti-gp350 IgG ELISA assay optimized for capture and detection conditions, were moderately correlated to the FFA-based neutralization titers. Overall, these sensitive, and high-throughput bioanalytical assays are capable of characterizing the serologic response to natural EBV infection, with applications in evaluating EBV antibody status in epidemiologic studies and immunogenicity of candidate gp350-subunit EBV vaccines in clinical studies.

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Deciphering the Diversities of Astroviruses and Noroviruses in Wastewater Treatment Plant Effluents by a High-Throughput Sequencing Method

Applied and Environmental Microbiology ◽

10.1128/aem.02076-15 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 81 (20) ◽

pp. 7215-7222 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

B. Prevost ◽

F. S. Lucas ◽

K. Ambert-Balay ◽

P. Pothier ◽

L. Moulin ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Clinical Data ◽

High Throughput ◽

Human Population ◽

High Throughput Sequencing ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Enteric Viruses ◽

Viral Diversity ◽

Wwtp Effluent ◽

Human Astroviruses

ABSTRACTAlthough clinical epidemiology lists human enteric viruses to be among the primary causes of acute gastroenteritis in the human population, their circulation in the environment remains poorly investigated. These viruses are excreted by the human population into sewers and may be released into rivers through the effluents of wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). In order to evaluate the viral diversity and loads in WWTP effluents of the Paris, France, urban area, which includes about 9 million inhabitants (approximately 15% of the French population), the seasonal occurrence of astroviruses and noroviruses in 100 WWTP effluent samples was investigated over 1 year. The coupling of these measurements with a high-throughput sequencing approach allowed the specific estimation of the diversity of human astroviruses (human astrovirus genotype 1 [HAstV-1], HAstV-2, HAstV-5, and HAstV-6), 7 genotypes of noroviruses (NoVs) of genogroup I (NoV GI.1 to NoV GI.6 and NoV GI.8), and 16 genotypes of NoVs of genogroup II (NoV GII.1 to NoV GII.7, NoV GII.9, NoV GII.12 to NoV GII.17, NoV GII.20, and NoV GII.21) in effluent samples. Comparison of the viral diversity in WWTP effluents to the viral diversity found by analysis of clinical data obtained throughout France underlined the consistency between the identified genotypes. However, some genotypes were locally present in effluents and were not found in the analysis of the clinical data. These findings could highlight an underestimation of the diversity of enteric viruses circulating in the human population. Consequently, analysis of WWTP effluents could allow the exploration of viral diversity not only in environmental waters but also in a human population linked to a sewerage network in order to better comprehend viral epidemiology and to forecast seasonal outbreaks.

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