scholarly journals Pro Free Will Priming Enhances “Risk-Taking” Behavior in the Iowa Gambling Task, but Not in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task: Two Independent Priming Studies

PLoS ONE ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. e0152297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yann Schrag ◽  
Alessandro Tremea ◽  
Cyril Lagger ◽  
Noé Ohana ◽  
Christine Mohr
Keyword(s):  
Free Will ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior

Effects of acute and chronic caffeine on risk-taking behavior in children and adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 561-568 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L Temple ◽  
Amanda M Ziegler ◽  
Adam M Graczyk ◽  
Amanda Crandall
Keyword(s):  
Delay Discounting ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Chronic Caffeine ◽  
Main Effects ◽  
Dose Dependent

Consumption of caffeinated beverages is associated with increased risk-taking behavior. The purpose of this study was to determine if acute caffeine administration influences risk-taking behavior in a dose-dependent manner. Participants were pre- (ages 8–9) and post-pubertal (ages 15–17) children who visited the laboratory three times and consumed a beverage containing 0, 1, or 2 mg/kg of caffeine. Thirty minutes later, participants completed the balloon analogue risk task (BART), the Iowa gambling task (IGT), and a delay discounting task. The number of balloons exploded on the BART task was significantly increased after 2 mg/kg of caffeine in moderate caffeine consumers, but was decreased after 2 mg/kg of caffeine in high caffeine consumers. There were no main effects of caffeine dose on the delay discounting task or on the IGT. Post-pubertal participants showed reduced delay discounting compared with pre-pubertal participants. Finally, average daily caffeine use was significantly, positively correlated with scores on a risk-taking questionnaire. These data suggest that caffeine dose-dependently influences decision making and risk taking. More research is needed to determine the mechanism of this difference as well as the extent to which sex and pubertal phase influence these relationships.

scholarly journals Risk-taking and Impulsive Behaviors: a Comparative Assessment of Three Tasks

2013 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 477-486 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sihua Xu ◽  
Marc Korczykowski ◽  
Senhua Zhu ◽  
Hengyi Rao
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Comparative Assessment ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Chinese Young Adults ◽  
Test Retest Reliability ◽  
High Test

We examined the reliability of, and relationships among, the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART), the Delay Discounting Task (DDT), and the Iowa Gambling Task (IGT), with a group of healthy Chinese young adults. The BART and the DDT showed moderate to high test-retest reliability across 3 test sessions conducted at 2-weekly intervals. However, the IGT showed low reliability for session 1 but high reliability for sessions 2 and 3. Between tasks, there were significant correlations only for the BART and the IGT and only for session 2 and session 3. These findings support the view that impulsivity is a complex construct with no single personality trait underlying the disposition for impulsive behaviors.

scholarly journals Can Risk-Taking Be an Endophenotype for Bipolar Disorder? A Study on Patients with Bipolar Disorder Type I and Their First-Degree Relatives

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 474-482 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ceren Hıdıroğlu ◽  
Özlem Demirci Esen ◽  
Zeliha Tunca ◽  
Şehnaz Neslihan Gűrz Yalçìn ◽  
Lauren Lombardo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Outcome Measure ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Type I ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
First Degree Relatives ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Disorder Type ◽  
Core Features

AbstractRisk-taking behavior and impulsivity are core features of bipolar disorder. Whether they are part of the inherited aspect of the illness is not clear. We aimed to evaluate risk-taking behavior as a potential endophenotype for bipolar disorders, and its relationship with impulsivity and illness features. The Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11) were used to assess risk-taking behavior and impulsivity respectively in 30 euthymic bipolar I patients (BD), their 25 asymptomatic first-degree relatives (BD-R), and 30 healthy controls (HC). The primary BART outcome measure was the behavioral adjustment score (number of pumps after trials where the balloon did not pop minus the number of pumps after trials where the balloon popped). BD (p< .001) and BD-R (p= .001) had similar and significantly lower adjustment scores than HC. Only BD scored significantly higher on BIS-11 total (p= .01) and motor (p= .04) subscales than HC. Neither the BART, nor impulsivity scores associated with illness features. A limitation of this study is medicated patients and a heterogeneous BD-R were included. Riskiness may be a candidate endophenotype for bipolar disorder as it appears independently from illness features, presents similarly in BD and BD-R groups and differs from impulsivity. (JINS, 2013,19, 1–9)

scholarly journals A new look at risk-taking: Using a translational approach to examine risk-taking behavior on the balloon analogue risk task.

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 444-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelly S. DeMartini ◽  
Robert F. Leeman ◽  
William R. Corbin ◽  
Benjamin A. Toll ◽  
Lisa M. Fucito ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Translational Approach ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
New Look

Influence of Impulsivity During Decision-making in Regular Cannabis Users

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S205-S205
Author(s):  
V. Laprevote ◽  
A.L. Devin ◽  
B. Blanc ◽  
R. Schwan
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Delay Aversion ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Impact

IntroductionRegular cannabis use is associated with cognitive impairments, including impaired decision making measured by the Iowa Gambling Task. The question remains whether the impulsivity measured in regular cannabis users may participate to impaired decision making. Interestingly, the Cambridge Gambling Task (CGT) is a computerized gambling task allows to differentiate risk taking and impulsivity when making a decision.AimsThis study aims at separately exploring the impact of regular cannabis use on risk taking and impulsivity during decision making process.ObjectivesTo do so, we compared the performance of regular cannabis users and healthy controls during the CGT.MethodsForty-three regular cannabis users (> 7 units/week) with a cannabis use disorder (CUD), 8 non-CUD regular cannabis users and 30 healthy controls were recruited. Decision-making was assessed using the CGT. The following outcomes were considered: Delay aversion score, Overall proportion bet, quality of decision making, risk taking and risk adjustment.ResultsThe analysis on delay aversion score showed a group effect (F = 3.839, P = 0.026) but no effect on other CGT variables. This effect was explained by the fact that cannabis CUD users had a higher delay aversion score than healthy controls and non-CUD cannabis users.ConclusionsIn this study, CUD cannabis users had an increased impulsivity but no increase of risk taking and quality of decision-making. Future work should include the CGT with a clinical scale to evaluate impulsivity and a motor inhibition task to understand if the impairment observed relates to cognitive or motor abilities.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Propensity for risk taking and trait impulsivity in the Iowa Gambling Task

2011 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 492-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel J. Upton ◽  
Anthony J. Bishara ◽  
Woo-Young Ahn ◽  
Julie C. Stout
Keyword(s):  
Risk Taking ◽  
Iowa Gambling Task ◽  
Gambling Task ◽  
Trait Impulsivity

scholarly journals Preprint of “How does peer competition modulates risk-taking behavior: Evidence from Event-related potentials (ERPs) in the Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART)”

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chen Zhang ◽  
Kai Dou
Keyword(s):  
Peer Influence ◽  
Risk Taking ◽  
Specific Effect ◽  
Event Related Potentials ◽  
Comparison Theory ◽  
Balloon Analogue Risk Task ◽  
Related Potentials ◽  
Risk Taking Behavior ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
Risk Taking Behaviors

The relation between peer influence and risk-taking behaviors has received extensive empirical attention. However, the underlying mechanisms of whether how two-way conflicting context influences risk-taking behaviors still remain unclear. To this end, the current study used event-related potentials (ERPs) to investigate how peer competition affects risk-taking behaviors among adolescents. Twenty-four college students completed a Balloon Analogue Risk Task (BART) under two contexts: single and peer competition condition. Behavioral results showed that participants prefer risk aversion in competitive context. ERPs results showed that participants induce higher N2 under peer competition in the decision-making phase. In the feedback phase, a higher P300 was observed in single condition while a more negative feedback-related negativity (FRN) was showed after loss feedback. Results are in line with social comparison theory and reinforcement learning theory. The specific effect of peer influence on risk-taking behavior has been discussed.

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